How big can the floating objects be on the space?

Let's get the answer by starting with a journey from the moon: a
celestial body which can be regarded as fairly big:
The Moon...
Mercury...
Mars...
Venus...
Earth... We live here
Neptune
Saturn
Jupiter
The Sun... Our star
Sirius A
Pollux… An Orange Giant
Archturus... A Red Giant
Aldebaran… A Red Giant
Ragil… A Blue Super Giant
Pistol Star… A Blue Hyper Giant
Antares A… A Red Super Giant
Mu Cephei… A Red Supergiant
VY Canis Majoris... A Red HyperGiant: known as the biggest star
The Size Of the Earth is 12,756 km.
This star is 1,975,000,000 km in diameter.
How can you imagine this size on your mind?
Imagine an airliner which goes with 900 km per hour and flying
around this star.
Just one circuit of an airliner around this star would last exactly
1,100 years.
The size of the star on a picture which shows our galaxy is only as
big as a spot on a piece of paper.
And our galaxy ... would be seen only as big as a spot in the
vastness of the universe.
"Assuredly the creation of the heavens and the earth is a greater
(matter) than the creation of men: Yet most men understand not."
(Surah Al-Ghafir, 57)

The devotion of the poison arrow frog

Living beings show great compassion to their babies which are
wholly defenseless and unaware of the dangers around them. One of
these living beings live in the rainforests of the Amazon River
basin. It is the poison arrow frog.
The mother frog leaves the babies that she gave birth to in a
puddle. However, this puddle is both insuffcient and unsafe for the
eggs that will grow up.The mother frog should move her tadpoles to a
more convenient place as soon as possible. The journey starts with
the tadpole to be moved on its mothers back. But, where will they
go? A lakeshore or a riverbank are not suitable places. The place
where the mother will bring the tadpoles is quite surprising; the
place that they will go is a place in the top of the forests.
The upward journey of the poisonous arrow frog is equal to a
person's climbing the Empire State Building, which is one of the
tallest buildings of the world, while carrying a baby on our back.
When the poison arrow frog reaches a plant called the bromelyad
which also lives in the highest places of the forest, the posinon
arrow frog leaves her tadpoles into a tiny pool there. The tadpoles
will be safer here. However, the mother frog has to carry out this
difficult journey for the rest of the radpoles too. In the end, 6
of the tadpoles were moved to the top of the tree and they are
saved.
But there is another problem for the mother frog;
There is no food in the pool for the tadpoles. In order to provide
food, the mother frog leaves a clutch of unfertilized eggs in the
pool, for the nutrition of the tradpoles.
Yet, just one egg is not enough for the growth of the tadpoles.
That's why the mother frog frequently visits her tradpoles and
leaves more eggs for their sustenance.
In order to take care of her tadpoles, the mother frog climbs the
tree many times, nearly 800 meters every single day, over the
course of two weeks.
To protect her tadpoles, the mother frog risks all kinds of dangers
and difficulties, and sometimes sacrifices her life to protect her
tadpoles as well. As it is seen, living beings are not in a system
where only the strongest survive and the weaks are swept away as
the Darwinists claim but rather they are Created with the behaviors
of compassion, mercy and devotion; this sweeps away the theory of
evolution and proves the fact of Creation, for only our Lord,
Almighty Allah, could endow a humble frog with these behaviors and
inspire it to such great endeavors.

The tongue of a chamelon is faster than a jet plane

Many interesting living creatures live in the forests of Madagascar .
It is quite difficult to distinguish a stick grasshopper from the
branches. A mantis is getting ready to prey upon a stick
grasshopper. At the same time, the flawless master of camoflauge,
one of the most fascinating of the Creations of Allah, the gecko
is watching them both by blending itself into the tree.
Although the gecko seems to catch the mantis easily, there is
another hunter which is not even observed : the chamelon.
The chamelon has a unique pair of legs and feet which enables it to
very move silently. It is almost impossible to see the chamelon
because of its ability to change the color of its skin in accordance
to the environment. The chamelon's eyes can move independently
from each other in any direction. Thus, they can see their prey
which is not directly in their line of sight.
This chamelon also possesses a tongue that it can use as an arrow
by flinging the tongue rapidly from its mouth. The chamelons tongue
can move five times faster than the speed of a jet plane. Via its
tongue, the chamelon hits its prey and the tongue sticks to its prey
by forming a powerful vacuum effect.
The thing that accelerates the chamelon tongue is at least 10
slippery rings of muscles between the tongue and hyoid bone. Those
muscle rings slip from their normal place and they closely press
together and they push the tongue forward. By means of this
mechanism the tongue pops out with a velocity of 1,5 meters per
second. At the time of the jactus, the hairs of the tongue
dissociate from each other and the tongue reaches to its maximum
lenght. During firing; the tongue stretches up to 6 times from
its standby position; and it also stretches up to one and a half
times the body length of the cameleon . After firing the system
quickly regroups and reverts back to normal.
It is obvious that the form of these muscle rings cannot be
explained by the theory of evolution in any way. Dr. Brad Harrub, a
scientist who supports Creation, asks those questions which forms
great dilemas to the evolutionists in his article:
1) How come each of the muscle rings evolved in the right position?
2) How has the tongue enlarged to that lenght?
3)How did the accelerating muscles emerge?
4) How can the muscle rings coordinate their movements in such a
way as to allow the tongue to reach its maximum lenght?
5) How did the muscle rings develop the ability of ' dissociating
from each other like the tubes of a telescope'?
6) How could the chamelon learn and carry out re-collecting all of
the necessary muscular movements after flinging the tongue?
7) If the ability to fire the tongue is a gain as an evolutionary
benefit, why hasn't that benefit yet evolved in other animals,
and why haven't other animals haven't employed a similar hunting
method ?
8) How has the chamelon (or its so-called evolutionary predecessor)
survived while all of those complex systems are supposed to evolve
little by little?
Undoubtedly; He is The Almighty Allah, He is the One Who Creates
the chamelon by all its features, and He is Omniscient, Mighty and
Exalted in Power. Allah informs us in a verse from the Qur'an Verse
thusly:
"And verily in cattle (too) will you find an instructive sign.From
what is within their bodies between excretions and blood, We
produce, for your drink, milk, pure and agreeable to those who
drink it."
(Surat an-Nahl, 66)

The Life of Prophet Abraham

Overview:
Muslims honor and respect the Prophet Abraham (known in the Arabic
language asIbrahim). The Quran describes him as "a man of truth, a
prophet" (Quran 19:41). Many aspects of Islamic worship, including
pilgrimageand prayer, recognize and honor the importance of the life
and teachings of this great prophet.
The Quran sums up the view of the Prophet Abraham among Muslims: "Who
can be better in religion than one who submits his whole self to
Allah, does good, and follows the way of Abraham the true in Faith?
For Allah did take Abraham for a friend" (Quran 4:125).
Father of Monotheism:
Abraham was father of other prophets(Ishmail and Isaac) and the
grandfather of Prophet Jacob. He is also one of the ancestors of the
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him). Abraham is
recognized as a great prophet among believers in the monotheistic
faiths, such as Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.
The Quran repeatedly describes the Prophet Abraham as a man who
believed in One True God, and was a righteous example for us all to
follow:
"Abraham was not a Jew nor yet a Christian; but he was true in Faith,
and bowed his will to Allah (which is Islam), and he joined not gods
with Allah" (Quran 3:67).
Say: "(Allah) speaketh the Truth: follow the religion of Abraham, the
sane in faith; he was not of the Pagans" (Quran 3:95).
Say: "Verily, my Lord hath guided me to a way that is straight,- a
religion of right,- the path (trod) by Abraham the true in Faith, and
he (certainly) joined not gods with Allah" (Quran 6:161).
"Abraham was indeed a model, devoutly obedient to Allah, (and) true in
Faith, and he joined not gods with Allah. He showed his gratitude for
the favours of Allah, who chose him, and guided him to a Straight Way.
And We gave him Good in this world, and he will be, in the Hereafter,
in the ranks of the Righteous. So We have taught thee the inspired
(Message), "Follow the ways of Abraham the True in Faith, and he
joined not gods with Allah" (Quran 16:120-123).
Family and Community:
Aazar, the father of Prophet Abraham, was a well-known idol sculptor
among the people of Babylon. From a young age, Abraham recognized that
the wood and stone "toys" that his father sculpted were not worthy of
worship. As he grew older, he contemplated the natural world such as
the stars, moon, and sun. He realized that there must be only One God.
He was chosen as a Prophet and dedicated himself to the worship of One
God, Allah.
Abraham questioned his father and community about why they worship
objects that cannot hear, see, or benefit people in any way. However,
the people were not accepting of his message, and Abraham was finally
driven from Babylon.
Abraham and his wife, Sarah, traveled through Syria, Palestine, and
then on to Egypt. According to the Quran, Sarah had been unable to
have children, so Sarah proposed that Abraham marry her servant,
Hajar. Hajar gave birth to Ismail (Ishmail), who Muslims believe was
Abraham's first-born son. Abraham took Hajar and Ismail to the Arabian
Peninsula. Later, Allah also blessed Sarah with a son, whom they named
Ishaq (Isaac).
Islamic Pilgrimage:
Many of the rites of Islamic pilgrimage ( Hajj) refer back directly to
Abraham and his life:
In the Arabian Peninsula, Abraham, Hajar, and their infant son Ismail
found themselves in a barren valley with no trees or water. Hajar was
desperate to find water for her child, and ran repeatedly between two
hillsides in her search. At last, a spring emerged and she was able to
quench their thirst. This spring, called Zamzam, still runs today in
Makkah, Saudi Arabia. During the Hajj pilgrimage, Muslims reenact
Hajar's search for water when they pace several times between the
hills of Safa and Marwa.
As Ismail grew up, he was also strong in faith. Allah tested their
faith by commanding that Abraham sacrifice his beloved son. Ismail was
willing, but before they followed through, Allah announced that the
"vision" had been completed and Abraham was allowed to sacrifice a ram
instead. This willingness to sacrifice is honored and celebrated
during Eid Al-Adhaat the end of the Hajj pilgrimage.
The Ka'abaitself is believed to have been re-built by Abraham and
Ismail. There is a spot just next to the Ka'aba, called the Station of
Abraham, which marks where Abraham is believed to have stood while
erecting the stones to raise the wall. As Muslims maketawaf(walking
around the Ka'aba seven times), they begin counting their rounds from
that spot.
Islamic Prayer:
"Salam (peace) be upon Abraham!" God says in the Quran (37:109).
Muslims close each of the daily prayers with adu'a(supplication),
asking Allah to bless Abraham and his family as follows: "Oh Allah,
send prayers upon Muhammad, and the followers of Muhammad, just as You
sent prayers upon Abraham and the followers of Abraham. Verily, You
are full of praise and majesty. Oh Allah, send blessings upon
Muhammad, and upon the family of Muhammad, just as You sent blessings
upon Abraham, and upon the family of Abraham. Verily, You are full of
praise and majesty."
More From the Qur'an:
On His Family and Community
"Lo! Abraham said to his father Azar: "Takest thou idols for gods? For
I see thee and thy people in manifest error." So also did We show
Abraham the power and the laws of the heavens and the earth, that he
might (with understanding) have certitude.... His people disputed with
him.(Quran 6:74-80)
On Makkah
"The first House (of worship) appointed for men was that at Bakka
(Makkah): Full of blessing and of guidance for all kinds of beings. In
it are Signs Manifest; (for example), the Station of Abraham; whoever
enters it attains security; Pilgrimage thereto is a duty men owe to
Allah,- those who can afford the journey; but if any deny faith, Allah
stands not in need of any of His creatures." (Quran 3:96-97)
On Pilgrimage
"Behold! We gave the site, to Abraham, of the (Sacred) House,
(saying): "Associate not anything (in worship) with Me; and sanctify
My House for those who compass it round, or stand up, or bow, or
prostrate themselves (therein in prayer). And proclaim the Pilgrimage
among men: they will come to thee on foot and (mounted) on every kind
of camel, lean on account of journeys through deep and distant
mountain highways; that they may witness the benefits (provided) for
them, and celebrate the name of Allah, through the Days appointed,
over the cattle which He has provided for them (for sacrifice): then
eat ye thereof and feed the distressed ones in want. Then let them
complete the rites prescribed for them, perform their vows, and
(again) circumambulate the Ancient House." (Quran 22:26-29)
"Remember We made the House a place of assembly for men and a place of
safety; and take ye the station of Abraham as a place of prayer; and
We covenanted with Abraham and Isma'il, that they should sanctify My
House for those who compass it round, or use it as a retreat, or bow,
or prostrate themselves (therein in prayer). And remember Abraham and
Isma'il raised the foundations of the House (With this prayer): "Our
Lord! Accept (this service) from us: For Thou art the All-Hearing, the
All-knowing. Our Lord! make of us Muslims, bowing to Thy (Will), and
of our progeny a people Muslim, bowing to Thy (will); and show us our
place for the celebration of (due) rites; and turn unto us (in Mercy);
for Thou art the Oft-Returning, Most Merciful." (Quran 2:125-128)
On His Son's Sacrifice
"Then, when (the son) reached (the age of) (serious) work with him, he
said: "O my son! I see in vision that I offer thee in sacrifice: Now
see what is thy view!" (The son) said: "O my father! Do as thou art
commanded: thou will find me, if Allah so wills one practising
Patience and Constancy!" So when they had both submitted their wills
(to Allah., and he had laid him prostrate on his forehead (for
sacrifice), We called out to him "O Abraham! Thou hast already
fulfilled the vision!" - thus indeed do We reward those who do right.
For this was obviously a trial- And We ransomed him with a momentous
sacrifice: And We left (this blessing) for him among generations (to
come) in later times: "Peace and salutation to Abraham!" Thus indeed
do We reward those who do right. For he was one of our believing
Servants. (Quran 37:102-111)

Eid al-Adha Meaning of "The Festival of Sacrifice"

What is Eid al-Adha?
At the end of the Hajj (annual pilgrimage to Mecca), Muslims
throughout the world celebrate the holiday of Eid al-Adha (Festival of
Sacrifice). In 2013, Eid al-Adha will begin on or around October 15th,
and will last for three days.
What does Eid al-Adha commemorate?
During the Hajj, Muslims remember and commemorate the trials and
triumphs of the Prophet Abraham. The Qur'an describes Abraham as
follows:
"Surely Abraham was an example, obedient to Allah, by nature upright,
and he was not of the polytheists. He was grateful for Our bounties.
We chose him and guided him unto a right path. We gave him good in
this world, and in the next he will most surely be among the
righteous." (Qur'an 16:120-121)
One of Abraham's main trials was to face the command of Allah to kill
his only son. Upon hearing this command, he prepared to submit to
Allah's will. When he was all prepared to do it, Allah revealed to him
that his "sacrifice" had already been fulfilled. He had shown that his
love for his Lord superceded all others, that he would lay down his
own life or the lives of those dear to him in order to submit to God.
Why do Muslims sacrifice an animal on this day?
During the celebration of Eid al-Adha, Muslims commemorate and
remember Abraham's trials, by themselves slaughtering an animal such
as a sheep, camel, or goat. This action is very often misunderstood by
those outside the faith.
Allah has given us power over animals and allowed us to eat meat, but
only if we pronounce His name at the solemn act of taking life.
Muslims slaughter animals in the same way throughout the year. By
saying the name of Allah at the time of slaughter, we are reminded
that life is sacred.
The meat from the sacrifice of Eid al-Adha is mostly given away to
others. One-third is eaten by immediate family and relatives,
one-third is given away to friends, and one-third is donated to the
poor. The act symbolizes our willingness to give up things that are of
benefit to us or close to our hearts, in order to follow Allah's
commands. It also symbolizes our willingness to give up some of our
own bounties, in order to strengthen ties of friendship and help those
who are in need. We recognize that all blessings come from Allah, and
we should open our hearts and share with others.
It is very important to understand that the sacrifice itself, as
practiced by Muslims, has nothing to do with atoning for our sins or
using the blood to wash ourselves from sin. This is a misunderstanding
by those of previous generations: "It is not their meat nor their
blood that reaches Allah; it is your piety that reaches Him." (Qur'an
22:37)
The symbolism is in the attitude - a willingness to make sacrifices in
our lives in order to stay on the Straight Path. Each of us makes
small sacrifices, giving up things that are fun or important to us. A
true Muslim, one who submits his or herself completely to the Lord, is
willing to follow Allah's commands completely and obediently. It is
this strength of heart, purity in faith, and willing obedience that
our Lord desires from us.
What else do Muslims do to celebrate the holiday?
On the first morning of Eid al-Adha, Muslims around the world attend
morning prayers at their local mosques. Prayers are followed by visits
with family and friends, and the exchange of greetings and gifts. At
some point, members of the family will visit a local farm or otherwise
will make arrangements for the slaughter of an animal. The meat is
distributed during the days of the holiday or shortly thereafter.

Festival of The Sacrifice

Muslims from all over the world anticipate the annual three-day
celebration of a historical event that took place thousands of years
ago during the time of Prophet Abraham [pbuh]1. This occasion, known
as Eid-ul-Adha or the Festival of Sacrifice, is a representation of
two significant Islamic events: the culmination of the Hajj (or
pilgrimage to the holy city of Makkah, Saudi Arabia), and the
sacrifice that God (Allah) commanded to Prophet Abraham of his beloved
son, Ismail.
Eid-ul-Adha is observed on the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah, the last month of
the Islamic lunar calendar. While Muslims all around the world
celebrate this day, it has particular significance for the pilgrims
performing the hajj.
In order to understand the context of Eid-ul-Adha, one must describe
the Hajj with which it is associated. Allah had made the Hajj
mandatory upon mankind initially during the time of Prophet Abraham:
"And make a proclamation of Hajj to mankind; they will come to you on
foot and on lean camels from every distant quarter." (Quran: Ch 22,
v27). Over time, however, the spread of idolatry across Arabia caused
the rituals of hajj to become extremely distorted. With the advent of
Islam and Prophet Muhammad [pbuh], Allah had reinstated Hajj as the
fifth pillar of Islam, and described the correct manner in which it
was to be performed.
Allah has ordained that every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it
must perform the pilgrimage at least once in their lifetime. Several
main rituals constitute the framework of this experience: 1. Tawaf
(circumambulating the Kabah2 seven times); 2. Sa'i (walking between
the mounds of Safa and Marwah seven times); 3. supplicating to Allah
at Arafat (the place where Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] gave his farewell
speech, proclaiming the final seal of Islam, and where Muslims believe
they will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment); and 4. stoning the
pillars that symbolize Satan at Mina (the place where Satan repeatedly
challenged Abraham to disobey Allah's command to sacrifice his son).
Each of these prescribed acts is a step in the pilgrim's arduous
journey towards spiritual cleansing. When the pilgrim successfully
executes these acts in the prescribed manner with the utmost sincerity
and humility, all his/her prior sins are forgiven. The final ritual
that pilgrims must perform, signifying the completion of these acts,
is the sacrifice of a domestic animal.
In addition to denoting the completion of the hajj, Eid-ul-Adha honors
the monumental sacrifice that was to be made by Prophet Abraham.
Abraham was ordered by Allah to sacrifice his dearly-beloved son,
Ismail, as a test of obedience. Abraham willingly submitted to Allah's
command, wherein Allah, by His Mercy, replaced Ismail at the moment of
sacrifice with a lamb. Abraham's selfless act of obedience is
commemorated by the sacrifice of a domestic animal such as a lamb,
sheep, cow, or goat, the meat of which is then distributed to
relatives, neighbors, and the poor. In parts of the world that
preclude Muslims from personally sacrificing an animal, Muslims donate
money to charitable organizations, which then sacrifice the animal on
their behalf and distribute the meat to the poor. In keeping with the
following injunction of the Quran (22:27), "…and pronounce the name of
Allah over the cattle which We have provided for them on the appointed
days, then eat the meat themselves and feed the indigent and needy,"
Eid-ul-Adha exemplifies the charitable instincts of Muslims in their
communal effort to see that no one is left deprived of the sacrificial
meat. It further embodies the values of discipline and self-denial,
and submitting to the will of Allah.
Eid-ul-Adha is a joyous occasion marked with family traditions and
celebrations. The festivities begin in the morning after Fajr prayer,
where Muslims, dressed in their finest clothes, attend the
congregational prayer followed by a sermon. Upon completion of the
services, people greet each other with the blessings of Eid: "Eid
Mubarak." Afterwards, Muslims often visit the homes of relatives and
friends, partaking in delicious feasts customary to their native
cultures and often exchanging gifts, and many eagerly anticipate the
return of those friends and relatives who have made the journey for
hajj.
Christianity, Judaism, and Islam all trace their roots back to Prophet
Abraham (Ibrahim in Arabic), who is thus known as the father of the
three monotheistic religions. Islam relates that Abraham had two
wives, Sarah and Hajar, each of whom bore a son, Isaac and Ismail,
respectively. Although Hajar was initially Sarah's maid, according to
Islam, Hajar later married Prophet Abraham and bore him a son, Ismail.
The lineage of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) is traced to Ismail, whereas
Christianity and Judaism trace their roots back to prophet Isaac, the
son of Sarah. The sacrifice made by Abraham is of importance in all
three monotheistic religions, although it is not commemorated by Jews
and Christians in the same manner as in Islam. Christianity and
Judaism, however, maintain that Isaac, rather than Ismail, was the
promised son whom Allah had ordered to be sacrificed.
Whether it is Islam, Christianity, or Judaism, the sacrifice of the
son of Prophet Abraham has historical significance. Muslims celebrate
the event through the festivities of Eid-ul-Adha as customary to their
native cultures. Eid-ul-Adha is a time of remembrance of the trials of
Prophet Abraham, a time to celebrate the end of the hajj, and a time
that men, women, and children of all ages greatly anticipate. Eid
Mubarak!
1 pbuh stands for peace be upon him, an invocation of respect.
2 Kabah – Muslims believe that this is the first house built for the
worship of God. It is in Mecca, Saudi Arabia and is the direction in
which Muslims face to pray five times a day.

Fathwa, - Social interaction with the intention of finding a suitor, is it permissible?

Question:
A masjid is inviting all single, divorced and widowed men and women to
attend a marriage seminar. The end purpose is a possible Nikah, and
Allah knows Best. Women and Men meet in the cafeteria. Women are
seated on one side and men on the other. The women stay seated as the
men go from table to table. They ask each other questions for only a
few minutes and then they move on. Proper dress code is in effect and
I do not know whether mahrams are accompanying the women. Based upon
what you have read, is it permissible to attend with the intention to
find a suitable spouse?
Answer:
In the name of Allah, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful,
No, it will not be permissible to have a gathering in a cafeteria or
any other place where men and women meet informally, even if the
objective and intention is to marry.
Informal interaction with someone from the opposite sex and mixed
gatherings such as the one explained in the question is contrary to
the teachings of the Qur�an and Sunnah, thus one should avoid
attending such a seminar.
Marriage is an extremely emphasised Sunnah of our blessed Messenger of
Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace), but this purpose cannot
justify unrestricted and informal mixed gatherings, for the ends do
not justify the means.
Besides, there are many other legitimate ways and means in finding a
suitable partner for marriage. One may propose marriage to a woman (or
a man) and then go and see her and speak to her. If one likes what one
sees, then one may get married, otherwise one may look for someone
else. But to have a mixed social gathering where men and women meet
and ask each other questions over tea or coffee cannot be justified.
The harmful consequences of this are apparent to all.

Fathwa, - Is it permissible to show hair to, not just any suitor, but your future spouse?

Question:
I have heard from my Hanafi teachers that it is impermissible for a
woman to show her hair to a suitor, that those who say it is
permissible are using a very weak opinion. My husband, however, says
that the mashaikh only say this to the 'aam people who may misuse the
ruling (to see the hair of every girl that they are not even serious
about). His family is mashaAllah very pious, and his brother is
becoming a mufti under the tutelage of Mufti Taqi Uthmani. His brother
actually told my cousin that it would be permissible to request to see
a girl's hair. Also, another one of my husband's brothers saw the hair
of his future wife beforehand (when he was reasonably convinced he
would be marrying her), and my husband's sister showed her hair (only
once) to her future husband (though normally she is in niqab). (Note:
they did not do these things with any one else they were considering;
only the people they *actually* eventually married). I am very
confused. Do people like our respected Mufti Taqi Uthmani allow for
this? Perhaps Mufti Muhammad ibn Adam or someone else familiar with
him could reply?
Answer:
In the name of Allah, Most Compassionate, Most Merciful,
Looking at someone one intends to marry is not merely something that
is permissible, rather it has been encouraged by the Messenger of
Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace).
Sayyiduna Abu Hurayra (Allah be pleased with him) narrates: I was in
the company of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him
peace) when a man came and informed him that he had contracted to
marry a woman of the Ansar. The Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him &
give him peace) said to him: �Did you cast a glance at her? He said:
No. He said: �Go and look at her, for there is something in the eyes
of the Ansar�. (Sahih Muslim, no. 1423)
Sayyiduna Mughira ibn Shu�bah (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that he proposed to a woman for marriage. The Messenger of Allah
(Allah bless him & give him peace) said to him: �Look at her, for it
may produce love between you.� (Sunan Tirmidhi, no. 1087, Musnad
Ahmad, Sunan Nasa�i & Sunan Ibn Majah)
Sayyiduna Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the
Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said: �When one
of you proposes to a woman for marriage, then if he is able to look at
what will induce him to marry her, he should do so.� (Sunan Abu Dawud
and Musnad Ahmad)
The great Hadith and Shafi�i Fiqh scholar, Imam al-Nawawi (Allah have
mercy on him) states:
��In the Hadith (of Abu Hurayra mentioned first) there is
recommendation of looking at the face of the woman one is intending to
marry. This is the opinion of our (Shafi�i) School, the School of
Malik, Abu Hanifa, all the scholars of Kufa, Ahmad and the majority of
the Ulama. Qadhi (Iyadh) has narrated from a group (of scholars) that
it is disliked but that is incorrect and contrary to the clear text of
this Hadith, and contrary to the consensus (ijma�) of the Ummah�Then,
it is permitted for him to look at her palms and face only, for they
are not considered to be part of the nakedness (awra), and also
because by looking at the face, one is able to determine her beauty or
otherwise and by looking at her hands one is able to determine the
chubbiness of the body or otherwise. This is the opinion of our School
and the view of most others.� (al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim, p. 1068)
Mulla Ali al-Qari, the great Muhaddith and Hanafi Imam, states in his
renowned Mirqat al-Mafatih, quoting from Allama Teebi that the meaning
of the Messenger of Allah�s (Allah bless him & give him peace)
statement �if he is able to look at what will induce him to marry her,
he should do so� (in the Hadith of Jabir recorded by Imam Abu Dawud,
quoted earlier) is either wealth, status, beauty and religion (deen).�
(Mirqat al-Mafatih, 6/198)
Thus the above explanation by Mulla Ali al-Qari quite clearly refutes
the interpretation some people make with regards to the Hadith of
Jabir, in that one may look at whatever may induce one into marrying.
If such general permission is given, people will demand to see all
sorts of body parts.
Thus, the above is quite clear in determining that, it is only
permitted for one to see the hands and face of the woman one is
intending to marry. This permission is also subject to certain
conditions.
Imam al-Haskafi (Allah have mercy on him) states:
�It is recommended ��to look at the woman before marriage.�
Allama Ibn Abidin (Allah have mercy on him) explains the above by stating:
�Meaning, even if there is desire (shahwa) but this is when one
genuinely believes it is possible to get married to her.� (Radd
al-Muhtar, 3/8, Kitab al-Nikah)
Imam al-Haskafi (Allah have mercy on him) states in another place:
�If one fears desire (shahwa) or has a doubt (m: in attaining desire),
then one will be prevented from looking at the face of a non-Mahram
woman. Thus, the permissibility of looking is restricted to not having
desire otherwise it will be unlawful (haram). This ruling was in their
times, in our times however, one will be prevented from looking at a
young woman (m: regardless of whether one fears desire or otherwise).
The exception for looking and not touching is when there is a need,
such as for the judge, witness in the court�and for the one who
intends to marry, even with desire but only if one�s intention is to
implement the Sunnah (m: and fulfil one�s objective of marriage) not
to fulfil one�s desires (m: by looking without really wanting to
marry).�
Allama Ibn Abidin, the commentator of al-Haskafi�s Durr al-Mukhtar,
mentions the following points in his commentary of the above text:
1) There is nothing wrong in looking at someone one is intending to
marry even with desire (shahwa) due to the Hadith of Mughira ibn
Shu�ba (Allah be pleased with him) where the Messenger of Allah (Allah
bless him & give him peace) said: �Look at her, for it may produce
love between you� and because the aim is to fulfil the Sunnah of
marriage and not desire.
2) It is not permitted to touch the face and hands of the woman even
when one does not fear desire, for there is no real need for that.
3) The need is only in looking at the woman once, thus more than once
would not be allowed, for cases of need are restricted to the actual
need. (m: However, if one was uncertain and undecided by looking at
her once due to some reason, such as not looking at her properly, etc,
then one may look again. This, however, should not be merely having
another go at the whip; rather one should genuinely think that
marriage is highly likely)
4) Permissibility of looking is only to the hands and face
5) If it is not possible to look at the woman or one wants
descriptions of parts of the body that are other than the hands and
the face, then one may send a female relative (such as a mother or
sister) to look at her and then describe her to him.
6) A woman may also look at the man whom she intends to marry even if
there is a fear of desire, rather this is more important. The reason
being is that the husband will be able to divorce her whenever he
wants if he dislikes her, but the wife cannot do that. Thus, it is
very important that she looks and is content with him. (See: Radd
al-Muhtar ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar, �Bab al-Mass wa�l Nadhar fi Kitab
al-Hadhr wa�l Ibaha, 6/370)
Thus, to sum up, it is not only permitted but recommended to look at
someone one is intending to marry. This, however, is only when one is
seriously contemplating marriage with her, and that marriage is
possible and likely. This permission is even in the case where one
(the man or the woman) fears desire (shahwa), if the right intention
is there. Merely fulfilling the desire to look will be unlawful.
It will not be permitted for the man and woman to remain alone in
seclusion (khalwa), for there is no need for that. Being alone with a
non-Mahram is unlawful (haram) or at the least prohibitively disliked
(makruh tahriman) and must be avoided.
Sayyiduna Abd Allah ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with him) narrates
that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him & give him peace) said:
�A man must not remain alone in the company of a woman, and a woman
must not travel except that her Mahram is accompanying her.� (Sahih
al-Bukhari, no. 2488)
If one decides to marry someone, it is for the man permitted to look
at the woman�s face and hands only. This is the opinion of the
majority of the scholars (jumhur), including the Hanafis, as mentioned
earlier. Some individual scholars (such as Imam al-Awza�i, Ibn Hazam
and Dawud Zahiri) did permit looking at other than the hands and face
but this is not the mainstream opinion.
As far as the opinion of Mufti Taqi Usmani (Allah preserve him) is
concerned, I have not heard anything directly from him, but it is
clearly mentioned in his Dars Tirmidhi (3/351) that one is only
permitted to look at the hands and face.
And Allah knows best

Fathwa, - Taking Rides from Non-Muslim Classmates

Question:
Is it okay to accept a ride from a non-Muslim, male classmate? I was
thinking that I�ve been in a cab/bus with Muslim and non-Muslim
cab/bus drivers before (it was just us), so maybe it would be okay.
But then the whole non-mahram issue comes up, and I think, no, it's
not okay. What�s the fiqh on this?
Answer:
Wa�alaykum Assalam wa Rahmatullah wa Barakatuhu,
In the Name of Allah, Most Merciful & Compassionate
There are two considerations:
a) permissibility;
b) propriety.
In terms of permissibility, accepting a ride from someone unrelated of
the opposite sex can often entail getting into unlawful seclusion
(khalwa). [Explained in the answers below] When it does, it would be
haram to accept the ride.
Accepting such a ride could also lead to the unlawful, including
unlawful interaction, looks, or thoughts. When it does�or when there
is reason to fear this�it would be impermissible, as well.
This is where accepting rides from classmates, coworkers, and others
of the opposite sex whom one has ongoing dealings with is more
dangerous than things like taxi rides. [The fiqh of taxi rides is
explained in the answers below.] Other forms of �solitary interaction�
is akin to accepting rides in its details, even when it does not
entail unlawful seclusion.
The scholars remind us that, �There is nothing like safety,�
(al-salama la yu`adiluha shay�) and that we should not forget the
words of the Beloved Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and give him
peace) that tell us that there is no test more trying for men than
women (and men for women).
Propriety would entail avoiding such situations, even when there is no
seclusion, nor any reason to fear harm from such interaction, except
in the most dire circumstances.
And Allah alone gives success.

Evidence Islam is Truth>The Existence of God, - The Earth, A Living Planet

The earth is a living planet where many complex systems run perfectly
and continuously, without pause. When compared to other planets, it
is evident that in all its aspects the earth is specially designed for
human life. Built on delicate balances, life prevails in every spot
of this planet, from the atmosphere to the depths of the earth.
Exploring only a few of the millions of these delicate balances would
be sufficient to show that the world we live in is specially designed
for us.
One of the most important balances in our planet is revealed in the
atmosphere that surrounds us. The atmosphere of the earth holds the
most appropriate gasses in the most appropriate ratio needed for the
survival not only of human beings, but also of all the living beings
on the earth.
The 77% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen and 1% of carbon dioxide as well as
other gasses readily available in the atmosphere represent the ideal
figures necessary for the survival of living beings. Oxygen, a gas
that is vital for living beings, helps to burn up food and convert it
into energy in our bodies.
If the oxygen quantity in the atmosphere were greater than 21%, the
cells in our body would soon start to suffer great damage. The
vegetation and hydrocarbon molecules needed for life would also be
destroyed. If this quantity were less, then this would cause
difficulties in our respiration, and the food we eat would not be
converted into energy. Therefore, the 21% of oxygen in the atmosphere
is the most ideal quantity determined for life.
No less than oxygen, other gasses like nitrogen and carbon dioxide are
also arranged in the ideal quantity for the needs of living beings and
the continuity of life. The amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has
the ideal ratio to balance the harmful and burning effects of oxygen.
This ratio represents the most appropriate value required for
photosynthesis, which is essential for life's energy supply on the
earth. Moreover, the amount of carbon dioxide has the most
appropriate value needed to maintain the stability of the surface
temperature of the earth and to prevent heat loss especially at night
time. This gas, comprising 1% of the atmosphere, covers the earth
like a quilt and prevents the loss of heat to space. If this amount
were greater, the temperature of the earth would increase excessively,
causing climatic instability and posing a serious threat to the
living beings.
These proportions remain constant thanks to a perfect system. The
vegetation covering the earth converts carbon dioxide to oxygen,
producing 190 billion tons of oxygen every day. The proportion of
other gasses is always kept constant on the earth by the help of
interconnected complex systems. Life is thus sustained.
In addition to the establishment of the ideal gas mixture required for
life on earth, the mechanisms needed to preserve and maintain this
order are created alongside with it. Any break in the balance, though
instantaneous, or any change in the ratios even for a very short time
period, would mean the total destruction of life. Yet, this does not
happen. The formation of these gasses in the atmosphere just in the
amount people need, and the constant preservation of these ratios
indicate a planned creation.
At the same time, the earth has the ideal size in terms of magnitude
to possess an atmosphere. If the mass of the earth were a little
less, then its gravitational force would be insufficient and the
atmosphere would be dispersed into space. If its mass were a little
greater, then the gravitational force would be too much and the earth
would absorb all gasses in the atmosphere. There is an incredibly
high number of conditions required for the formation of an atmosphere
such as the one our world currently has and all of these conditions
should exist altogether to be able to talk of life.
The creation of these delicate proportions and balances in the sky is
mentioned in the Quran:
"He erected heaven and established the balance." (Quran 55:7)
The majority of people spend their lives without being aware of the
delicate balances and subtle adjustments in the gas composition of the
atmosphere, the distance of the world from the sun or the movements of
planets. They are ignorant of the great significance of these
balances and adjustments to their own lives. However, even a minor
deviation in any one of these arrangements would create very severe
problems regarding the existence and survival of humankind.
There are many other balances established on earth for the continuity of life:
For instance, if the surface gravity were stronger than its current
value, the atmosphere would retain too much ammonia and methane
gasses, which would mean the end of life. If it were weaker, the
planet's atmosphere would lose too much water, and life on earth would
be impossible.
The thickness of the earth's crust constitutes another one of the
delicate balances in the earth. If the earth's crust were thicker,
too much oxygen would be transferred from the atmosphere to the crust
and this would have severe effects on human life.
If the opposite were true, that is, if the earth's crust were thinner,
volcanic and tectonic activity would be too great to permit life on
earth.
Another crucial balance for human life is the ozone level in the
atmosphere. If it were greater than its current value, the surface
temperatures would be too low. If it were less, surface temperatures
would be too high, and there would be too much ultraviolet radiation
at the surface.
In fact, the absence of even a single one of these balances would
herald the end to life on earth. However, God has created the universe
with infinite wisdom and power and designed the earth especially for
human life. Despite this fact, the majority of people lead their
lives in total ignorance of these events. In the Quran, God reminds
people of His:
"(God) makes night merge into day and day merge into night, and He has
made the sun and moon subservient, each one running until a specified
time. That is God, your Lord. The Kingdom is His. Those you call on
besides Him have no power over even the smallest speck." (Quran 35:13)
It is sufficient to look at millions of dead planets in space in order
to understand that the delicate balances required for life on earth is
not a result of random coincidences. The conditions essential for
life are too complicated to have been formed "on their own" and at
random, and these conditions are specially created for life alone.
These balances we have briefly described so far are only a few of the
millions of intricate, interrelated balances and orders established so
that people can live in peace and safety on the earth.
Examining only a part of the balances and harmony on the earth is
enough to comprehend the superior being of God and grasp the existence
of a planned creation in every detail of the universe. It is no doubt
impossible for a person or any other living being to build such an
enormous balance and order. Nor are the components of this order such
as atoms, elements, molecules, and gasses, capable of establishing an
order based on such intricate and extremely delicate calculations and
measurements, and such fine tunings. This is because activities like
planning, ordering, arranging, calculating, and proportioning can only
be realized by beings that possess wisdom, knowledge and power. The
Exalted Being Who orders, plans and balances the entire universe to be
fit for life of human beings on a planet like earth and Who sustains
it with dramatically delicate measures and balances is God, Who has
Infinite Wisdom, Knowledge and Power.
In the Quran, it is stated that those people who are able to realize
these facts are the only "people with intelligence":
"Indeed in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the
alternation of night and day, there are Signs for people with
intelligence: those who remember God, standing, sitting and lying on
their sides, and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the earth:
[They say] 'Our Lord, You have not created this for nothing. Glory be
to You! So safeguard us from the punishment of the Fire." (Quran
3:190-191)

Evidence Islam is Truth>The Existence of God, - The Ability to See the Signs of God

"Say: 'Praise be to God. He will show you His Signs and you will
recognize them. Your Lord is not heedless of anything you do.'"
(Quran 27:93)
"This is a communication to be transmitted to mankind so that they can
be warned by it and so that they will know that He is One God and so
that people of intelligence will pay heed." (Quran 14:52)
In many other verses, God emphasizes that one of the most crucial
purposes of the Quran's revelation is to invite people to ponder.
In the Quran, God invites people to reject blindly accepting the
beliefs and values society imposes on them and to ponder by pushing
aside all the prejudices, taboos and constraints on their minds.
Man must think on how he came into being, what the purpose of his life
is, why he will die and what awaits him after death. He must question
how he, himself, and the whole universe came into existence and how
they continue to exist. While doing this, he must relieve himself of
all constraints and prejudices.
By thinking while isolating his conscience from all social,
ideological and psychological obligations, the person should
eventually perceive that the entire universe, including himself, is
created by a superior power. Even when he examines his own body or
any other thing in nature, he will see an impressive harmony, plan and
wisdom at work within its design.
Concerning this point again, the Quran guides man. In the Quran, God
guides us as to what we should reflect on and investigate. With the
methods of reflection given in the Quran, he who has faith in God will
better perceive God's perfection, eternal wisdom, knowledge and power
in His creation. When a believing person starts to think in the way
shown in the Quran, he soon realizes that the whole universe is a sign
of God's power and art, and that, "nature is a work of art, not the
artist itself". Every work of art exhibits the exceptional skills of
the one who has made it and conveys his messages.
In the Quran, people are summoned to contemplate numerous events and
objects that clearly testify to the existence and uniqueness of God
and His attributes. In the Quran, all these beings that bear witness
are designated as "signs", meaning "tested evidence, absolute
knowledge and expression of truth". Therefore, the signs of God
comprise all the beings in the universe in that they disclose and
communicate the being and attributes of God. Those who can observe
and remember will see that the entire universe is entirely composed of
the signs of God.
This, indeed, is the responsibility of mankind: to be able to see the
signs of God. Thus, such a person will come to know the Creator who
created him and all other things, draw closer to Him, discover the
meaning of his existence and his life and so prosper.
Each thing, the breath a human takes; political and social
developments; the cosmic harmony in the universe; the atom, which is
one of the smallest pieces of matter, is each a sign of God, and they
all operate under His control and knowledge, abiding by His laws.
Recognizing and knowing the signs of God calls for personal effort.
One will recognize and know the signs of God in accordance with his
own wisdom and conscience.
Undoubtedly, some guidelines may also help. As the first step, one
can investigate certain points stressed in the Quran in order to
acquire the mentality that perceives the whole universe as an
articulation of the things created by God.
God's signs in nature are emphasized in a chapter call "The Bee":
"It is He who sends down water from the sky. From it you drink and
from it come the shrubs among which you graze your herds. And by it
He makes crops grow for you and olives and dates and grapes and fruit
of every kind. Therein is certainly a sign in that for people who
reflect. He has made the night and the day subservient to you, and
the sun, the moon and the stars, all subject to His command. Therein
are certainly signs in that for people who use their intellect. And
also, the things of varying colors He has created for you in the
earth. There is certainly a sign in that for people who pay heed. It
is He who made the sea subservient to you so that you can eat fresh
flesh from it and bring out from it ornaments to wear. And you see
the ships cleaving through it so that you can seek His bounty, and so
that perhaps you may show thanks. He cast firmly embedded mountains
on the earth so it would not move under you, and rivers, pathways, and
landmarks so that perhaps you might be guided. And they are guided by
the stars. Is He Who creates like him who does not create? O will
you not pay heed?"(Quran 16:10-17)
In the Quran, God invites men of understanding to think about the
issues which other people overlook or just dismiss using such barren
terms as "evolution", "coincidence", or "a miracle of nature".
In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of
night and day, there are Signs for people of intelligence: those who
remember God standing, sitting and lying on their sides, and reflect
on the creation of the heavens and the earth:
"Our Lord, You did not create this for nothing. Glory be to You! So
guard us from the punishment of the Fire." (Quran 3:191)
As we see in these verses, people of understanding see the signs of
God and try to comprehend His eternal knowledge, power and art by
remembering and reflecting on them, for God's knowledge is limitless,
and His act of creating flawless.
For men of understanding, everything around them is a sign of this creation.

Evidence Islam is Truth>The Existence of God, - A System Planned in Its Every Detail

Breathing, eating, walking, etc, are very natural human functions.
But most people do not think about how these basic actions take place.
For example, when you eat a fruit, you do not contemplate on how it
will be made useful to your body. The only thing on your mind is
eating a satisfying meal; at the same time, your body is involved in
extremely detailed processes unimaginable to you in order to make this
meal a health-giving thing.
The digestive system where these detailed processes take place starts
to function as soon as a piece of food is taken into the mouth. Being
involved in the system right at the outset, the saliva wets the food
and helps it to be ground by the teeth and to slide down the
esophagus.
The esophagus transports the food to the stomach where a perfect
balance is at work. Here, the hydrochloric acid present in the
stomach digests the food. This acid is so strong that it has the
capacity to dissolve not only the food but also the stomach walls. Of
course, such a flaw is not permitted in this perfect system. A
secretion called mucus, which is secreted during digestion, covers all
the walls of the stomach and provides a perfect protection against the
destructive effect of the hydrochloric acid. Thus the stomach is
prevented from consuming itself.
The point that deserves attention here is that evolution can by no
means explain the system briefly summarized above. Evolution
maintains that today's complex organisms have evolved from primitive
cellular forms by the gradual accumulation of small structural
changes. However, as stated clearly, the system in the stomach could
in no way have been formed step by step. The absence of even one
factor would bring about the death of the organism.
When food is received into the stomach, the ability of the gastric
juices to break down food is effectuated as a result of a series of
chemical changes. Now, imagine a living being in the so-called
evolutionary process in whose body such a planned chemical
transformation is not complete. This living being, unable to develop
this ability autonomously, would not be able to digest the food it ate
and would starve to death with an undigested mass of food in its
stomach.
In addition, during the secretion of this dissolving acid, the stomach
walls simultaneously have to produce the secretion called mucus.
Otherwise, the acid in the stomach would destroy the stomach.
Therefore, in order for life to continue, the stomach must secrete
both fluids (acid and mucus) at the same time. This shows it was not
a step-by-step coincidental evolution that must, in effect, have been
at work, but rather a conscious creation with all its systems intact.
What all this shows is that the human body resembles a huge factory
made up of many small machines that work together in perfect harmony.
Just as all factories have a designer, an engineer and a planner, the
human body has an "Exalted Creator."

Fwd: Scholar Alert - [ Hipertention, Diabetic foot syndrome ]

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Google Scholar Alerts <scholaralerts-noreply@google.com>
Date: Wed, 16 Oct 2013 01:51:12 +0000
Subject: Scholar Alert - [ Hipertention, Diabetic foot syndrome ]
To: aydnajimudeen@gmail.com

Scholar Alert: [ Hipertention, Diabetic foot syndrome ]

Microbiota Associated with Type 2 Diabetes and its Related Complications
Y Zhang, H Zhang - Food Science and Human Wellness, 2013
... is known about the role of the host gut microbiota in the case of
hypertension. ... infection and limb
loss are both linked to an increasing risk of age-related diabetes.
... Pseudomonas aeruginosa and
Escherichia coli etc, were isolated from patients with infected
diabetic foot ulcers [59 ...

[HTML] Month: 9 Valume: 17 Issue 3 Viewed 72 times Received
B Sarıakçalı, M Sert, M Evran, T Tetiker - Month, 2013
... Here, we report a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who
had LV due to lower extremity
contrast-enhanced ... A 64-year-old male patient was hospitalized in
our clinic for diabetic foot ulcer
(initial diagnosis). ... He also had hypertension and chronic renal
disease for 2 years ...

[PDF] Decreased functional capacity and muscle strength in elderly
women with metabolic syndrome
DC leite Vieira, V Tajra, D da Cunha, D lopes de Farias… - Clinical
Interventions in …, 2013
... describes a collection of risk factors that includes obesity,
insulin resistance, hypertension, and
an ... fac- tors are associated with an increased risk of
gastrointestinal cancer, diabetes mellitus,
cardiovascular ... mat and put their feet in a lateral position
aligned with their hips, hands ...

Minimal change disease in pregnancy
JO Lo, E Kerns, J Rueda, NE Marshall - The Journal of Maternal-Fetal &
Neonatal …, 2013
... Her prior pregnancy was uncomplicated and she had no history of
hypertension, diabetes,
autoimmune ... MCD is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
(65-90%) and in ...
characterized by foot process effacement on EM, absence of immune
deposits, response to ...

Race and the Insulin Resistance Syndrome
H Kramer, L Dugas, SE Rosas - Seminars in Nephrology, 2013
... However, the impact of these genetic variants on diabetes and
obesity risk appears quite small ...
Associations between APOL1 variants and diabetic kidney disease appear
to be weak and the ...
It is plausible that obesity heightens the risk of
hypertension-associated kidney disease ...

[PDF] Serum electrolyte levels in relation to macrovascular
complications in Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus
S Wang, X Hou, Y Liu, H Lu, L Wei, Y Bao, W Jia - Cardiovascular
Diabetology, 2013
... FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/l and/or a 2-hour post-load plasma glucose (2hPG)
≥11.1 mmol/l, or on diabetic
medication treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). ... Mg 2+ ≤ 1.05
mmol/l. Hypertension was defined
as a blood pressure of >140/90 mmHg or the use of antihypertensive ...

[PDF] Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Case Series
OY Buowari - DIABETES MELLITUS–INSIGHTS AND …, 2013
... obesity, globalization, westernization, sedentary lifestyle,
behavioural habits, systemic arterial
hypertension, physical inactivity ... the greatest increase in the
prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the ...
Diabetic foot complications constitute an increased public health
problem and are a ...

Diabetes is not associated with an increased peri-operative mortality
or non-infectious morbidity following lower extremity arterial
reconstruction
K Hughes, L Padilla, B Al-zubeidy, O Bolorunduro… - The American
Journal of …, 2013
... SD.CHF = congestive heart failure; COPD = chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease; HTN =
hypertension; MI = myocardial ... analysis, there was no difference in
mortality (3% in the diabetic
group vs ... antiquated concept of "small vessel disease" 21 in
patients with diabetes has long ...

9 Honey for Cardiovascular
T Farooqui, AA Farooqui - Honey in Traditional and Modern Medicine, 2013
... be associated with the decrease in oxi- dative stress in kidneys
of streptozotocin-induced diabetic
rats (Griendling et ... syndrome" defined on the basis of combining
abnormal conditions (such as
obesity, arterial hypertension, chronic hyperglycemia [diabetes
mellitus], and ...

Methods and Compositions for Using Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding
Protein 6 in Treating and Diagnosing Diabetes
J She - US Patent 20,130,266,580, 2013
... HTN: Hypertension, CAD: Coronary Artery Disease. ... The
association of IGFBP6 levels with different
diabetic complications was also examined in T1D patients. ... was
matched to a T1D patient without
any complication to create age, sex, and duration of diabetes matched pairs. ...

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Dought & clear, - [Sacrifices], - Is it permissible for two brothers to share one udhiyah (sacrifice) althoughthey live separately?.

Is it permissible for my brother and I to share in one Udhiyah while
both of us have our own homes in different cities? Our mother lives
sometimes with me, and sometimes with my brother and our father has
passed away. If the mother buys an Udhiyah from her own money, is it
adequate for me and my brother?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
Udhiyah is a confirmed Sunnah (Sunnah mu'akkadah) and is not
obligatory, according to the majority of fuqaha'. Some scholars are of
the view that it is obligatory for the one who is able to offer it.
This is the view of Abu Haneefah and of Ahmad according to one report,
and it is the view favoured by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah.
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: The view
that it is obligatory is stronger that the view that it is not
obligatory, but that is subject to the condition that one be able to
do it. End quote fromal-Sharh al-Mumti'(7/422).
Secondly:
A sacrifice is valid on behalf of a man and the members of his
household, because of the report narrated by al-Tirmidhi (1505) and
Ibn Majaah (3147) from 'Ata' ibn Yasaar who said: I asked Abu Ayyoob
al-Ansaari: How were sacrifices offered among you at the time of the
Messenger of Allaah SAWS (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)?
He said: A man would sacrifice a sheep on behalf of himself and the
members of his household, and they would eat some of it and give some
to others. Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani inSaheeh al-Tirmidhi.
It says inTuhfat al-Ahwadhi: This hadeeth clearly states that one
sheep is sufficient on behalf of a man and the members of his
household, even if they are many, and that is the correct view.
Al-Haafiz Ibn al-Qayyim said inZaad al-Ma'aad: It was the teaching of
the Prophet SAWS (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) that one
sheep would be sufficient on behalf of a man and the members of his
household, even if they were many in number.
Al-Shawkaani said inNayl al-Awtaar: The correct view is that one sheep
is sufficient for the members of a household, even if they are one
hundred or more, as is indicated by the Sunnah. End quote.
Thirdly:
Members of the household include one's wife and children, and other
relatives if they live in the same house and the head of the household
spends on them or they share household expenses and food and drink.
But the one who lives in a separate house or has his own income cannot
be included in the udhiyah and it is prescribed for him to offer his
own sacrifice separately.
Maalik (may Allaah have mercy on him) said, concerning the members of
a household who share in the sacrifice: They are the people on whom he
spends, whether they are few or many. Muhammad ibn Maalik added: And
his child and parents, if they are poor. Ibn Habeeb said: He may
include in his sacrifice adult children, even if they are independent
of means, and his brother, brother's son and other relatives if he
spends on them, and the members of his household. That is permitted
for three reasons: ties of kinship, shared accommodation and spending
on him. Muhammad said: He may include his wife in his udhiyah because
the wife has the strongest bond with him.
End quote fromal-Taaj wa'l-Ikleel Sharh Mukhtasar Khaleel(4/364).
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: Is it
permissible to offer one udhiyah for two brothers living in one house
with their children and sharing their food and drink?
He replied: Yes, that is permissible. It is permissible for the
members of one household to offer only one sacrifice, even if they are
two families, and they will attain thereby the virtue of sacrifice.
End quote fromFataawa Noor 'ala al-Darb.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked: I am
married, praise be to Allaah, and I have children. I live in a city
other than the city in which my family live, but on holidays I go to
the city where my family are. On Eid al-Adha my children and I came
five days before the Eid but we did not offer a sacrifice despite the
fact that I am able to, praise be to Allaah.
Is it permissible for me to offer a sacrifice? Is my father's
sacrifice valid on behalf of myself and my wife and children? What is
the ruling on sacrifice for the one who is able? Is it obligatory for
the one who is not able? Is it permissible to take a loan in order to
offer the sacrifice?
He replied: The sacrifice is Sunnah, not obligatory, and one sheep is
sufficient on behalf of a man and the members of his household,
because the Prophet SAWS (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
used to sacrificetwo horned rams that were white speckled with
blackevery year, one on behalf of himself and the members of his
household, and the other on behalf of those among his ummah who
believed in the Oneness of Allaah (Tawheed).
If you live in a separate house, then it is prescribed for you to
offer the sacrifice on behalf of yourself and the members of your
household, and the sacrifice offered by your father on behalf of
himself and the members of his household is not sufficient for you,
because you are not living with them in the same house, rather you
live in a separate house. There is nothing wrong with a Muslim taking
a loan to offer a sacrifice if he is able to repay it. May Allaah help
us all.
End quote fromMajmoo' Fataawa al-Shaykh Ibn Baaz(18/37).
Fourthly:
Based on the above, your sacrifice is not sufficient for your brother,
even if you get together on the days of Eid, and vice versa.
With regard to your mother, her sacrifice is sufficient on behalf of
herself and the members of the household with whom she is staying.
And Allaah knows best.

Dought & clear, - [Sacrifices], - Should the one who is slaughtering the sacrifice utter the intention at the time of slaughter?.

If the one who is slaughtering a sacrifice says, "This is on behalf of
So and so," i.e., he names the one on whose behalf the sacrifice is
being offered at the time of slaughter, is this uttering the
intention?.
Praise be to Allaah.
This is not uttering the attention, because if the one who is offering
the sacrifice says, "This is on my behalf and on behalf of my
household," he is stating what is in his heart. He has not said, "O
Allah, I want to offer a sacrifice," as would be said by the one who
wants to utter his intention. Rather he is only expressing what is in
his heart. The intention was already there, from the time he brought
the animal, lay it down and slaughtered it, so he had already formed
the intention.

Dought & clear, - [Sacrifices], - Collecting the skins of the sacrificial animals, selling them and giving the price in charity.

The mosque committees here in Algeria collect the skins of the
sacrificial animals and sell them to leather manufacturing companies,
and they spend the money thus earned on building mosques, and they
argue that many people nowadays do not need them and they throw them
away. Is this action permissible? Is it permissible for a person to
give the skin of the sacrificial animal to them if they come to his
house and he knows beforehand that they are going to sell it?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
It is not permissible for the one who offers the sacrifice to sell the
skin of his sacrificial animal, because it has been singled out for
Allaah in all its parts, and that which has been singled out for
Allaah is not permissible for anyone to make money from it. Hence the
butcher should not be given any of it by way of payment.
Al-Bukhaari (1717) and Muslim (1317) narrated that 'Ali (may Allaah be
pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allaah(peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) commanded me to take care of his sacrificial
animals, and to give their meat, skins and blankets in charity, and
not to give the butcher any of it. He said: "We will pay him
ourselves."
It says inZaad al-Mustaqni': Its skin should not be sold, or any other
part of it, rather it should be made use of.
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in
hisSharh(7/514): "Its skin should not be sold" after slaughter,
because it has been singled out for Allaah in all its parts, and that
which has been singled out for Allaah is not permissible for anyone to
make money from it. The evidence for that is the hadeeth of 'Umar ibn
al-Khattaab which says that he provided someone with a horse to ride
in jihad for the sake of Allaah, but the man to whom he gave it
neglected the horse and did not take care of it. 'Umar came and asked
the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) for permission
to buy it because he thought that its owner would sell it cheaply, but
the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to him:
"Do not buy it even if he gives it to you for a dirham." The reason
for that is that it was given for the sake of Allaah, and whatever a
person gives for the sake of Allaah, it is not permissible for him to
take it back. Hence it not permissible for the one who has migrated
from a land of shirk to go back and live there, because he left a land
that he loves for the sake of Allaah, so it is not permissible for
him to go back to something that he loves if he gave it up for the
sake of Allaah. And because the skin is part of the animal like the
meat, i.e., it is not permissible to sell it, just as it is not
permissible to sell its meat.
"or any other part of it" means that none of its parts may be sold,
such as the liver, leg, head, stomach and so on. The reason is the
same as that mentioned above. End quote.
Hence it is known that what is prescribed is to make use of the skin
or to give it in charity to one who deserves it, such as a poor or
needy person. But if the one who offers the sacrifice gives the skin
in charity to a poor person, and the poor person sells it, there is no
sin on either of them.
Shaykh Muhammad al-Mukhtaar al-Shanqeeti (may Allaah preserve him)
said: If there is a company that will buy the skins in the same
abattoir, and he gives it to a poor person, and the poor person goes
and sells it to this company, there is nothing wrong with that. End
quote fromSharh Zaad al-Mustaqni'.
Secondly:
With regard to selling the skins and giving their price in charity,
the scholars differed concerning that. Some of them said that it is
permissible and this is the view of the Hanafis and was mentioned in
one report from Imam Ahmad (may Allaah have mercy on him), but the
majority did not permit it.
It says inTabyeen al-Haqaa'iq(6/9): If he sells it for a few dirhams
to give them in charity, it is permissible, because it is an act of
worship like giving the skin and meat in charity.
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said inTuhfat al-Mawdood
bi Ahkaam al-Mawloodp. 89: Abu 'Abd-Allaah ibn Hamdaan said
inal-Ri'aayah: It is permissible to sell its skin and offal and head,
and give the price in charity. This was stated by Imam Ahmad.
Al-Khallaal said: 'Abd al-Malik ibn 'Abd al-Hameed told me that Abu
'Abd-Allaah (i.e., Imam Ahmad) said: Ibn 'Umar sold the skin of a cow
and gave its price in charity.
Ishaaq ibn Mansoor said: I said to Abu 'Abd-Allaah: What should be
done with the skin of the sacrificial animals? He said: It should be
made use of and its price given in charity. I said: Can it be sold and
its price given in charity? He said: Yes, (because of) the hadeeth of
Ibn 'Umar. End quote.
See alsoal-Insaaf(4/93).
Al-Shawkaani (may Allaah have mercy on him) said inNayl
al-Awtaar(5/153): They were unanimously agreed that its meat may not
be sold, and the same applies to the skin. But al-Awzaa'i, Ahmad,
Ishaaq and Abu Thawr regarded it as permissible, and this is also the
view of the Shaafa'is who said: It should be disposed of as the
udhiyah itself is disposed of. End quote.
Based on this, there is nothing wrong with giving the skins to the
charitable organizations who will sell them and give their price in
charity. This is a charitable project, because most people do not make
use of the skins of the sacrificial animals, so selling the skins and
giving the price in charity is achieving the intended purpose, which
is to benefit the poor and avoid the haraam thing, which is offering
compensation to the one who offered the sacrifice for any part of his
udhiyah.
It should noted that the udhiyah may be given to the rich as a gift,
so if the one who offers the sacrifice intends that he is giving the
skin as a gift to the charitable organization which is collecting
them, there is nothing wrong with that. Then the charity may sell them
and give the price in charity however it wishes.
And Allaah knows best.

History of Hajj

Hajj literally means 'to set out for a place'. Islamically however it
refers to the annual pilgrimage that Muslims make to Makkah with the
intention of performing certain religious rites in accordance with the
method prescribed by the Prophet Muhammad.
Hajj and its rites were first ordained by Allah in the time of the
Prophet lbrahim [Abraham] and he was the one who was entrusted by
Allah to build the Kaba - the House of Allah - along with his son
Ismail [Ishmael] at Makkah. Allah described the Kaba and its building
as follows:
"And remember when We showed Ibrahim the site of the [Sacred] House
[saying]: Associate not anything [in worship with Me and purify My
House for those who circumambulate it [i.e. perform tawaaf] and those
who stand up for prayer and those who bow down and make prostration
[in prayer etc.]."
[Surah Al-Hajj 22:26]
After building the Kaba, Prophet Ibrahim would come to Makkah to
perform Hajj every year, and after his death, this practice was
continued by his son. However, gradually with the passage of time,
both the form and the goal of the Hajj rites were changed. As idolatry
spread throughout Arabia, the Kaba lost its purity and idols were
placed inside it. Its walls became covered with poems and paintings,
including one of Jesus and his mother Maryam and eventually over 360
idols came to be placed around the Kaba.
During the Hajj period itself, the atmosphere around the sacred
precincts of the Kaba was like a circus. Men and women would go round
the Kaba naked, arguing that they should present themselves before
Allah in the same condition they were born. Their prayer became devoid
of all sincere remembrance of Allah and was instead reduced to a
series of hand clapping, whistling and the blowing of horns. Even the
talbiah[ 1]was distorted by them with the following additions:'No one
is Your partner except one who is permitted by you. You are his Master
and the Master of what he possesses'.
Sacrifices were also made in the name of God. However, the blood of
the sacrificed animals was poured onto the walls of the Kaba and the
flesh was hung from pillars around the Kaba, in the belief that Allah
demanded the flesh and blood of these animals.
Singing, drinking, adultery and other acts of immorality was rife
amongst the pilgrims and the poetry competitions, which were held,
were a major part of the whole Hajj event. In these competitions,
poets would praise the bravery and splendor of their own tribesmen and
tell exaggerated tales of the cowardice and miserliness of other
tribes. Competitions in generosity were also staged where the chief of
each tribe would set up huge cauldrons and feed the pilgrims, only so
that they could become well-known for their extreme generosity.
Thus the people had totally abandoned the teachings of their
forefather and leader Prophet Ibrahim. The House that he had made pure
for the worship of Allah alone, had been totally desecrated by the
pagans and the rites which he had established were completely
distorted by them. This sad state of affairs continued for nearly two
and a half thousand years. But then after this long period, the time
came for the supplication of Prophet Ibrahim to be answered:
"Our Lord! Send amongst them a Messenger of their own, who shall
recite unto them your aayaat (verses) and instruct them in the book
and the Wisdom and sanctify them. Verily you are the 'Azeezul-Hakeem
[the All-Mighty, the All-Wise]."
[Surah Al-Baqarah 2:129]
Sure enough, a man by the name of Muhammad ibn 'Abdullaahwas born in
the very city that Prophet Ibrahim had made this supplication
centuries earlier. For twenty-three years, Prophet Muhammadspread the
message of Tawheed [true monotheism] - the same message that Prophet
Ibrahim and all the other Prophets came with - and established the law
of Allah upon the land. He expended every effort into making the word
of Allah supreme and his victory over falsehood culminated in the
smashing of the idols inside the Kaba which once again became the
universal center for the worshippers of the one True God.
Not only did the Prophet rid the Kaba of all its impurities, but he
also reinstated all the rites of Hajj which were established by
Allah's Permission, in the time of Prophet Ibrahim. Specific
injunctions in the Quran were revealed in order to eliminate all the
false rites which had become rampant in the pre-Islamic period. All
indecent and shameful acts were strictly banned in Allah's statement:
"There is to be no lewdness nor wrangles during Hajj."
[Surah al-Baqarah 2:197]
Competitions among poets in the exaltations of their forefathers and
their tribesmen's achievements were all stopped. Instead, Allah told
them:
"And when you have completed your rites [of Hajj] then remember Allah
as you remember your forefathers; nay with a more vigorous
remembrance."
[Surah al-Baqarah 2:200]
Competitions in generosity were also prohibited. Of course, the
feeding of the poor pilgrims was still encouraged as this was done
during the time of Prophet Ibrahim but Allah commanded that the
slaughtering of the animals which was done for this purpose should be
done seeking the pleasure of Allah rather than fame and the praise of
the people. He said:
"So mention the name of Allah over these animals when they are drawn
up in lines. Then, when they are drawn on their sides [after the
slaughter], eat thereof and feed the beggar who does not ask, and the
beggar who asks."
[Surah al-Hajj 22:36]
As for the deplorable practice of spattering blood of the sacrificed
animals on the walls of the Kaba and hanging their flesh on alters,
then Allah clearly informed them that:
"It is neither their meat nor their blood that reaches Allah, but it
is Taqwaa (piety) from you that reaches Him."
[Surah al-Hajj 22:37]
The Prophetalso put a stop to the practice of circling the Kaba in a
state of nudity and the argument that the pagans put forward to
justify this ritual was sharply rebutted in Allah's question:
"Say: Who has forbidden the adornment [i.e. clothes] given by Allah
which He has produced for His Slaves?"
[Surah al-A'raaf 7:32]
Another custom which was prohibited through the Quran was that of
setting off for Hajj without taking any provisions for the journey. In
the pre-Islamic period, some people who claimed to be mutawakkiloon
(those having complete trust in Allah) would travel to perform Hajj
begging for food through the whole journey. They considered this form
of behavior a sign of piety and an indication of how much faith they
had in Allah. However Allah told mankind that to have sufficient
provisions for the journey was one of the preconditions for making
Hajj. He said:
"And take a provision [with you] for the journey, but the best
provision is at-Taqwaa (piety)."
[Surah al-Baqarah 2:197]
In this way, all the pre-Islamic practices, which were based on
ignorance, were abolished and Hajj was once more made a model of
piety, fear of Allah, purity, simplicity and austerity. Now, when the
pilgrims reach the Kaba, they no longer find the carnivals and the
frolic and frivolity that had once occupied the minds of the pilgrims
there before. Now, there is the remembrance of Allah at every step and
every action and every sacrifice was devoted to Him alone. It was this
kind of Hajj that was worthy of the reward of paradise, as the
Prophetsaid:"The reward for an accepted Hajj is nothing less than
paradise."
May Allah grant us all the ability to visit His House and perform the
Hajj in the manner of the Prophet Muhammad. Aameen.
Footnotes
1Labbaik Allahumma labbaik... (Here I am present, O' God, I am
present...) This is the chant which the pilgrims say when they are
traveling for pilgrimage.

Hajj: A Celebration of Peace

Where am I?
More than 2 million people surround me. We all have one common goal,
one purpose for being here together. I do not stand out from anyone
else. There are no signs of wealth or greatness upon me. No Rolex
watch or Nike shoes to mark me as a rich person. I am one person
alone, in a sea of humanity. I am black or white, yellow or brown,
the colour of my skin is not important. I am from Europe or Asia or
South America, my homeland is any corner of this wide earth. The
people around me are young and old, male and female, rich and poor.
We represent humankind in our diversity, yet we are united. We are
unity in diversity.
I am at Hajj
Hajj is one of the five pillars of Islam.Muslims declare that there is
no godworthy of worship but Allahand that Muhammad is His messenger;
they pray, they fast, they pay obligatory charity, and they go to
Hajj. Hajj is a pilgrimage to the city of Makah in Saudi Arabia.At
the mosque and in the surrounding area, Muslims perform prayers and
rituals. Hajj is an obligatory act performed once in a lifetime by
all mentally, physically, and financially able Muslims.
"And Hajj (pilgrimage to Makah) to the House (Kaba) is a duty that
mankind owes to God, those who can afford the expenses (for one's
conveyance, provision and residence) ; and whoever disbelieves then
God stands not in need of any of mankind, jinn and all that exists"
(Quran 3:97)
This year, 2010, Hajj is in the middle of November.Muslims from all
over the world will gather to worship God.They arrive in Saudi Arabia,
by plane, bus, car, etc. Some endure great hardship, others merely
buy a first class ticket, but they come as equals. People make this
journey prepared to stand at the House of God (or Kaba) and affirm
their love for God and His religion of Islam.
"And proclaim to humankind the Hajj (pilgrimage). They will come to
you on foot and on every lean camel, they will come from every deep
and distant (wide) mountain highway (to perform Hajj)" (Quran 22:27)
The Hajj is several days of total devotion to the One God. Muslims
come together to celebrate His praises, ask for His forgiveness and
demonstrate unity for His sake alone.
Throughout the Muslim world, Hajj has come to symbolise unity.
Although Muslims may be disunited due to many outside influences,
such as money, politics, border disputes or other worldly concerns.
Hajj is the great leveller. At Hajj, all Muslims are equal; nothing
about the rituals they perform makes one person better than another.
More than 2 million Muslims stand in one place, wearing the same
simple clothing, following the same rituals and saying the same words.
They are united in their devotion to God. The black man stands next
to the white man and they call on God with one voice. The king stands
beside the pauper and they declare their submission to the will of God
using the same words.
Muslims from every corner of the globe are united in their submission
to the will of God. They cry out as if with one voice, "Here I am O
God, here I am at your service, and You have no partner. Here I am.
All praise, grace, and dominion belong to You. You have no partner".
This supplication is said repeatedly by the pilgrims.It is their
answer to God's call for the Muslims to perform Hajj.
These words are repeated with joy and reverence by all, regardless of
status or class. Some people are so overcome with emotion that they
weep, others feel elated and happier then they have ever felt before.
Every person there feels that he is one person, alone among millions
answering God's call and God hears his supplication and sees his
arrival. The pilgrims feel amazed that they are the guest of the most
Merciful God. He or she attends this gathering by the invitation of
God, not at the invitation of a government or an organisation, nor at
the request of a family member or friend.
Hajj is performed because God has invited the believers to congregate
together. Regardless of place of birth, nationality, ethnicity,
gender, or status, all are welcome, and all are equal in the sight of
God. The Muslims gather to meet one another and demonstrate to each
other, and the world that they are united. Unity in diversity. They
are united by their worship of One God.
"O humankind! We have created you from a male and a female, and made
you into nations and tribes, that you may know one another. Verily,
the most honourable of you with God is that (believer) who has
At-Taqwa (piety, God consciousness). Verily, God is All-Knowing,
All-Aware." (Quran 39:13)
Islam is the religion of unity. Repeatedly throughout the Quran God
reminds the believers that they must remain united and seek strength
through unity. Hajj epitomises this unity. People from every race
and colour come together in submission to the will of God. Muslims
are one brotherhood and they come together with a sense of purpose and
a desire for peace.
"The believers are nothing else but brothers (in Islam). So make
reconciliation between your brothers, and fear God, that you may
receive mercy." (Quran 39:10)
"And hold fast, all of you together, to the Rope of God (this Quran),
and be not divided among yourselves, and remember God's Favour on you,
for you were enemies one to another but He joined your hearts
together, so that, by His Grace, you became brethren (in Islam), and
you were on the brink of a pit of Fire, and He saved you from it.
Thus God makes His Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs,
revelations, etc.,) clear to you, that you may be guided." (Quran
3:103)
Hajj is the largest annual gathering of Muslims; it is the largest
gathering of people united by the peacefulness and serenity that is
Islam. Anything that disturbs the peacefulness of Hajj is
prohibited. No matter what is happening in the material world at
Hajj, peace prevails.
Muslims gather together and their diversity is a wonder to behold.
The old stand with the young, the rich stand with the poor, people of
all colours and nationalities stand shoulder to shoulder in prayer,
and perform rituals side by side. Prophet Muhammad, may God praise
him, said,"In their love, kindness, and compassion for each other, the
believers are like a human body. [1]Muslims at Hajj are one people,
they are a soothing sea of humanity, gathered together to worship One
God. Muslims turn their faces in one direction and submit to the
will of God. They are united by their love of God, and united in
their diversity.
Footnotes:
[1]SaheehAl-Bukhari