Da'eef (weak) hadeeths, Dought & clear, - * Will Abu Bakr be admitted to Paradise without being brought to account?

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Mufti I got a quick question, where I cannot find the daleel to it eventhough I heard it a lot of times. The question is, will Abu Bakr (radi Allah 3anhu) receive an accountability record on the day of resurrection, if so can you please show me the hadith? I heard it from many sheikhs and I personally believe it is an authentic hadith, but I have no isnad nor do they provide it when they mention this narration. Mufti, just so the question was clear, is there a hadith where the Prophet (peace be upon him) says that Umar (radhi Allah 3anhu) will be the first to receive his book in his right hand of the ummah and the rest of the companions were amazed it wasnt Abu Bakr, so the Prophet exclaimed: "wa ma tathunoo ana lahu kitab?", that who told you Abu Bakr has a book?
Praise be to Allah.
Firstly:
Al-Bukhaari (3671) narrated that Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah said: I said to my father – who was ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allah be pleased with him) –: “Which of the people is best after the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)? He said: Abu Bakr. I said: Then who? He said: Then ‘Umar.
Imam Ahmad (835) narrated that Abu Juhayfah said: I heard ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) say: Shall I not tell you the best of this ummah after its Prophet? (It is) Abu Bakr. Then he said: Shall I not tell you the best of this ummah after Abu Bakr? (It is) ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him). The commentators onal-Musnadsaid: Its isnaad is hasan.
Ahl as-Sunnah wa’l-Jamaa‘ah are unanimously agreed that the best of this ummah after its Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) is Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq, then ‘Umar, then ‘Uthmaan, then ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with them all).
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
They – i.e., Ahl as-Sunnah – affirm that which is narrated in mutawaatir reports from Ameer al-Mu’mineen ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allah be pleased with him) and others: that the best of this ummah after its Prophet is Abu Bakr, then ‘Umar, and they mentioned the third one as ‘Uthmaan and the fourth one as ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with them all), as is indicated by the reports.
End quote fromal-‘Aqeedah al-Waasitiyyah(p. 117)
Please see also the answer to question no. 34577
Secondly:
With regard to the hadith which speaks of Abu Bakr and says that he will enter Paradise without being detained for the reckoning, it is a weak hadith that is not saheeh (sound). It was narrated by Abu Nu‘aym inTareekh Asbahaan(2/370), and via him by al-Khateeb inal-Muttafaq wa’l-Muftaraq(2/38), via Ibraaheem ibn Abi Yahya who said: Abu ‘Umar ad-Dareer narrated to us, from Hammaad ibn Salamah, from Hishaam ibn ‘Urwah, from his father, from ‘Aa’ishah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “O ‘Aa’ishah, all the people will be brought to account on the Day of Resurrection except Abu Bakr.”
Ibn Abi Yahya is al-Mukattab, a man who is unknown. He was mentioned by Abu Nu‘aym inAkhbaar Asbahaan, but he did not mention any any evaluation of him as a narrator, therefore his report is odd (munkar); how could he have been the only one to narrate it with this good isnaad without any other narrators referring to it? As that is the case, the report is deemed to be odd and weak.
One of the reasons why a hadith may be deemed to be odd and weird is that a report is narrated only by an unknown narrator who is not known to the scholars of hadith. If a hadith is narrated only by an unknown narrator, the scholars regard his hadith as odd because of him being the only one to narrate it.
See:Manhaj al-Imam Ahmad fi I‘laal al-Ahaadeeth(2/869);al-Hadeeth al-Munkar ‘inda al-Imam Abu Haatim ar-Raazi – Diraasah Tatbeeqiyyah(p. 13)
It was narrated by Ibn al-Jawzi inal-‘Ilal al-Mutanaahiyyah(1/190) via Dawood ibn Sagheer who said: Katheer an-Nuwa’ narrated to me that Anas ibn Maalik said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: I said to Jibreel when he took me on the Night Journey (al-Isra’) up to heaven: “O Jibreel, will my ummah be brought to account?” He said: All of your ummah will be brought to account except Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq. On the Day of Resurrection, it will be said to him: O Abu Bakr, enter Paradise. He will say: I will not enter it until those who loved me in the previous world enter it with me.
Immediately after narrating this, Ibn al-Jawzi commented:
This hadith is not saheeh. Dawood ibn Sagheer is majrooh (i.e., he is not credible). Al-Khateeb said: He was da‘eef. Ad-Daaraqutni said: He is munkar al-hadith (i.e., his hadith is odd). As for Katheer an-Nuwa’, an-Nasaa’i said: He is da‘eef. End quote.
Adh-Dhahabi said inal-Mizaan(3/500), concerning the biography of Muhammad ibn Ja‘far al-Baghdaadi:
It was narrated from Dawood ibn Sagheer in a false report, from Katheer an-Nuwa’, from Anas, in a marfoo‘ report: “O Jibreel, will my ummah be brought to account?” He said: Yes, apart from Abu Bakr… Moreover, Dawood is not credible. End quote.
It was also mentioned by ash-Shawkaani inal-Fawaa’id al-Majmoo‘ah(p. 35). He said: It is mawdoo‘ (fabricated).
Thirdly:
With regard to the second hadith, according to which ‘Umar will be the first one to take his book in his right hand, it was narrated by ath-Tha‘labi in hisTafseer(2358), by Ibn ‘Asaakir in hisTareekh(30/154), al-Khateeb in hisTareekh(11/202) and Ibn al-Jawzi inal-Mawdoo‘aat(1/320), via ‘Umar ibn Ibraaheem ibn Khaalid: Marhoom ibn Artabaan, the cousin of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Awn narrated to us that he said: ‘Aasim al-Ahwal narrated to us, from Zayd ibn Thaabit, who said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “The first one of this ummah to be given his book in his right hand will be ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab, and it will shine with rays like the rays of the sun.”
It was said to him: Where will Abu Bakr be?
He said: “He will already have been taken by the angels to Paradise.”
Ibn al-Jawzi said, immediately after quoting this report: The hadith is not saheeh; the one who is accused is ‘Umar, who is known as al-Kurdi. Ad-Daaraqutni said: He was a liar who used to fabricate hadiths. End quote.
It was also quoted by ash-Shawkaani inal-Fawaa’id al-Majmoo‘ah(p. 336). He said:
The one who is accused is ‘Umar ibn Ibraaheem ibn Khaalid al-Kurdi.
Regarding this ‘Umar, ad-Daaraqutni said: He was a liar and evildoer. Al-Khateeb said: His is not trustworthy. He also said: He narrated odd reports. Ibn ‘Uqdah said: He is da‘eef.
Lisaan al-Mizaan(4/280)
It was narrated by Ibn Abi ‘Aasim inKitaab al-Awaa’il(82), via Habeeb ibn Zurayq: the nephew of az-Zuhri narrated to us, from his paternal uncle, from al-Qaasim ibn Muhammad, from Ibn ‘Abbaas, who said: The first one to be given his book in his right hand will be Abu Salamah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad. This is a fabricated hadith, and the problem with it is Habeeb ibn Zurayq. Abu Haatim said: He narrated fabricated hadiths from the nephew of az-Zuhri.
Abu Dawood said: He was one of the most mendacious of people.
Ibn ‘Adiy said: All his hadiths are fabricated.
Mizaan al-I‘tidaal(1/452)
With regard to the words regarding Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him): “Who told you that he will have a book?” – We do not know of any basis for this in any of the reports.
And Allah knows best.

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Da'eef (weak) hadeeths, Dought & clear, - * A munkar (odd) report accusing ‘Aa’ishah of killing ‘Uthmaan and wanting to kill ‘Ali (may Allah have mercy on them all)

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Al-Balaadhuri narrated: Ahmad ibn Ibraaheem ar-Darooqi told me: Abu’n-Nadr told us: Ishaaq ibn Sa‘eed told us, from ‘Umar ibn Sa‘eed: Sa‘eed ibn ‘Amr told me, from Ibn Haatib who said: I went with ‘Ali on the day of (the battle of) the Camel to the howdah [in which ‘Aa’ishah was], and it looked like a hedgehog with bristles because of all the arrows. He struck the howdah then said: Verily this Humayra’ [a nickname of ‘Aa’ishah] wanted to kill me as she killed ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan.
Her brother Muhammad said to her: Has something happened to you?
She said: An arrow in my arm. He put his head in (the howdah), then pulled her towards him, then pulled it out.
Is this report saheeh or not?
Praise be to Allah.
We do not know that this report was narrated by any of the scholars who have knowledge of reports and history, apart from Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Balaadhuri in his bookAnsaab al-Ashraaf(2/249), where he says:
Ahmad ibn Ibraaheem ad-Dawraqi told me: Abu’n-Nasr told us: Ishaaq ibn Sa‘eed told us: from ‘Amr ibn Sa‘eed: Sa‘eed ibn ‘Amr told us, from Ibn Haatib who said: I went with ‘Ali on the day of (the battle of) the Camel to the howdah [in which ‘Aa’ishah was], and it looked like a hedgehog with bristles because of all the arrows. He struck the howdah then said: Verily this Humayra’ [a nickname of ‘Aa’ishah] wanted to kill me as she killed ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan. Her brother Muhammad said to her: Has something happened to you? She said: An arrow in my arm. He put his head in (the howdah), then pulled her towards him, then pulled it out.
This report is munkar (odd), and is not saheeh (sound) in either its isnaad (chain of narrators) or matn (text).
Firstly:
‘Amr ibn Sa‘eed was either: the grandfather of Ishaaq ibn Sa‘eed, which is what appears to be the case, because his full name is Ishaaq ibn Sa‘eed ibn ‘Amr ibn Sa‘eed. Based on that, the isnaad is munqati‘ (interrupted), because the grandfather died in 70 AH (at-Tahdheeb, 8/34), and the grandson, the narrator, died in 170 AH (at-Tahdheeb, 1/204); there are one hundred years between the two deaths, so it is not possible that he could have heard from him. Based on that the isnaad is munqati‘ (interrupted) and da‘eef (weak).
Or: he was someone else, in which case he is majhool (unknown). Based on that, the isnaad is also da‘eef (weak). In either case there is an unknown narrator, and when a hadith is narrated only by an unknown narrator, then it is to be rejected.
Secondly:
How could ‘Ali have said concerning ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she wanted to kill him as she had killed ‘Uthmaan?!
This is pure falsehood. ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) is completely innocent of the blood of ‘Uthmaan. She only went out at the battle of the Camel in an effort to bring about reconciliation among the Muslims. Ahmad (24133) narrated from Qays ibn Abi Haazim that ‘Aa’ishah said, when she came to Haw’ab and heard the dogs barking: I think that I should go back, for the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said to us: “At which of you will the dogs of Haw’ab bark?” az-Zubayr said to her: Do you want to go back? (Stay, for) perhaps Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, will bring about reconciliation among the people through you.
(23733): Some of those who were with her said: Rather proceed, for the Muslims will see you and Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, will bring about reconciliation among them thereby.
Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani inas-Saheehah(474).
Imam ‘Uthmaan ibn Sa‘eed ad-Daarimi (may Allah have mercy on him) said, with his isnaad going back to Naafi‘: ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “By Allah, I fear that if I were to want him – meaning ‘Uthmaan – to be killed, then I would be killed. But Allah knows from above His Throne that I did not want him to be killed.
Ar-Radd ‘ala al-Jahamiyyahby ad-Daarimi (83). There is a corroborating report via Mujaahid from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that was narrated by Na‘eem ibn Hammaad inal-Fitan(202).
Ibn al-‘Arabi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
With regard to her going out to the battle of the Camel, she did not go out to fight, but the people put pressure on her and complained to her about what was happening of grave turmoil and people killing one another. They were seeking her blessing (barakah) and they hoped that people would feel shy before her (and refrain from fighting) if she stood before them. She also thought that, so she went out, because Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):“There is no good in most of their secret talks save (in) him who orders Sadaqah (charity in Allah’s Cause), or Ma‘roof (Islamic Monotheism and all the good and righteous deeds which Allah has ordained), or conciliation between mankind/people” [an-Nisa’ 4:114]and“And if two parties or groups among the believers fall to fighting, then make peace between them both” [al-Hujuraat 49:7]. The command to bring about reconciliation or make peace is addressed to all people, both male and female, free and slave. But Allah, may He be exalted, in accordance with His prior decree and wisdom, did not will that reconciliation should occur; rather fighting and casualities continued until both sides were almost eradicated, and some of them went to the Camel and hamstrung it. When the Camel fell down on its side, Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr went to ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) and took her to Basra. Then she set out with thirty women, whom ‘Ali sent with her until they brought her back to Madinah safe and sound.
End quote fromTafseer al-Qurtubi(14/181).
Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said, describing the battle of the Camel:
The arrows reached the howdah of the Mother of the Believers ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her), and she started calling out: “Allah, Allah! O my sons, remember the Day of Reckoning!” And she raised her hands in supplication, praying against those people who had killed ‘Uthmaan, and the people raised their voices with her in supplication, until the sound of their cries reached ‘Ali and he said: What is this? They said: the Mother of the Believers is praying against the killers of ‘Uthmaan and their supporters.
He said: O Allah, curse the killers of ‘Uthmaan.
End quote fromal-Bidaayah wa’n-Nihaayah(7/270)
Al-Bukhaari narrated inal-Adab al-Mufrad(828) that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: Whoever reviles ‘Uthmaan, upon him be the curse of Allah.
Ibn ‘Asaakir narrated in hisTareekh(39/487) from her (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: I got angry for you when you were wronged with the whip and you do not expect me to get angry for ‘Uthmaan when he was wronged with the sword?! And when he responded to your objections, you killed him!
There are corroborating report narrated by Ibn ‘Asaakir (39/487-488); at-Tabari in hisTareekh(3/82-83); and Ibn Khayyaat in his Tareekh (p. 39).
She also used to praise ‘Ali and describe him as knowledgeable. Muslim (276) narrated that Shurayh ibn Haani’ said: I asked ‘Aa’ishah about wiping over the khuffayn and she said: Go to ‘Ali, for he knows more about that than I do.
To conclude, this report is false and is made up and fabricated; it is not permissible to narrate it. ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) only went out at the battle of the Camel in order to reconcile between people. She did not participate in the killing of ‘Uthmaan (may Allah be pleased with him) – not even as much as half a word – and neither did ‘Ali. Rather she denounced that and did not approve of it. She did not seek the killing of ‘Ali either, and that never crossed her mind. Allah, may He be exalted, protected her from what the fabricators claim.
And Allah knows best.

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