Question:
Please tell me with proof if the female feet are satar. Some students
of Din have given the following two proofs for it being satar whereas
I was instructed differently. They say:
1. In Hidayah and the hashiyah of al-Lukhnowi he is of the opinion
that it is satar
2. That in Shami under the discussion that the hukm of something when
it is munfasil is the same as when it is muttasil here Ibn Abidin (RA)
states that nails that are cut from a female if it is of the fingers
then it is not satar but of the toes then it is satar and cannot be
viewed by a male.
This mas'ala is important since many ladies wear open sandals.
Answer:
Walaikum assalam wa rahmatullah,
To verify a fiqh matter, one must follow the principles of choosing
legal positions in a rigorous manner. This was done by Ibn Abidin in
hisRadd al-Muhtarin a very systematic manner, and explained in
hisSharh `Uqud Rasm al-Mufti,which is why he is the primary source
forfatwain the Hanafi school.
It is clear that women�s feet are not awra from the top references in
the Hanafi school, including1. Marghinani�sHidaya,
2. its commentaryal-`Inayaby Akmal al-Din al-Babarti,
3. Nasafi�sKanz al-Daqa�iq,
4. Zayla`i�s commentary on it,Tabyin al-Haqa�iq
5. Mulla Khusri�sDurar
6. Shurunbulali�s commentary on it,al-Shurunbulaliyya
7.Al-Fatawa al-Hindiyya
8. Haskafi�sDurr al-Mukhtar
9. Ibn Abidin�sRadd al-Muhtari. [See Arabic texts and page references below.]
However, given the difference of opinion regarding them, both within
the Hanafi school and with other schools, it is recommended to cover
one�s feet, though not obligatory.
And Allah alone gives success.
Walaikum assalam wa rahmatullah,
Faraz Rabbani.
في الهداية:( وَبَدَنُ الْحُرَّةِ كُلِّهَا عَوْرَةٌ إلَّا وَجْهَهَا
وَكَفَّيْهَا ) لِقَوْلِهِ عليه الصلاة والسلام { الْمَرْأَةُ عَوْرَةٌ
مَسْتُورَةٌ } وَاسْتِثْنَاءُ الْعُضْوَيْنِ لِلِابْتِدَاءِ
بِإِبْدَائِهِمَا . قَالَ رضي الله عنه : وَهَذَا تَنْصِيصٌ عَلَى أَنَّ
الْقَدَمَ عَوْرَةٌ . وَيُرْوَى أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِعَوْرَةٍ وَهُوَ
الْأَصَحُّقال الأكمل في العناية شرح الهداية: (1/259)( قَوْلُهُ :
وَهَذَا ) أَيْ قَوْلُ الْقُدُورِيِّ : وَبَدَنُ الْحُرَّةِ كُلُّهُ
عَوْرَةٌ إلَّا وَجْهَهَا وَكَفَّيْهَا ( تَنْصِيصٌ ) مِنْهُ ( عَلَى
أَنَّ الْقَدَمَ عَوْرَةٌ ) ; لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْتَثْنِهَا . وَرَوَى
الْحَسَنُ عَنْ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِعَوْرَةٍ وَبِهِ
قَالَ الْكَرْخِيِّ . قَالَ الْمُصَنِّفُ ( وَهُوَ الْأَصَحُّ ) ;
لِأَنَّهَا تُبْتَلَى بِإِبْدَاءِ الْقَدَمِ إذَا مَشَتْ حَافِيَةً أَوْ
مُتَنَعِّلَةً فَرُبَّمَا لَا تَجِدُ الْخُفَّ عَلَى أَنَّ
الِاشْتِهَاءَ لَا يَحْصُلُ بِالنَّظَرِ إلَى الْقَدَمِ كَمَا يَحْصُلُ
بِالنَّظَرِ إلَى الْوَجْهِ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ الْوَجْهُ عَوْرَةً
مَعَ كَثْرَةِ الِاشْتِهَاءِ فَالْقَدَمُ أَوْلَى وَلَمَّا كَانَتْ
رِوَايَةُ الْجَامِعِ الصَّغِيرِ مِمَّا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْقَدَمَ
لَيْسَتْ بِعَوْرَةٍ رَتَّبَهَا عَلَى مَا قَبْلَهَا بِالْفَاءفي تبيين
الحقائق شرح كنز الدقائق: (باب شروط الصلاة �1/96)قَالَ رحمه الله (
وَبَدَنُ الْحُرَّةِ عَوْرَةٌ إلَّا وَجْهَهَا وَكَفَّيْهَا
وَقَدَمَيْهَا ) لقوله تعالى { وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إلَّا مَا
ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا } وَالْمُرَادُ مَحَلُّ زِينَتِهِنَّ وَمَا ظَهَرَ
مِنْهَا الْوَجْهُ وَالْكَفَّانِ قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ
وَاسْتَثْنَى فِي الْمُخْتَصَرِ الْأَعْضَاءَ الثَّلَاثَةَ
لِلِابْتِلَاءِ بِإِبْدَائِهَا ; وَلِأَنَّهُ عليه الصلاة والسلام {
نَهَى الْمُحْرِمَةَ عَنْ لُبْسِ الْقُفَّازَيْنِ وَالنِّقَابِ } وَلَوْ
كَانَ الْوَجْهُ وَالْكَفَّانِ مِنْ الْعَوْرَةِ لَمَا حَرُمَ
سَتْرُهُمَا بِالْمِخْيَطِ وَفِي الْقَدَمِ رِوَايَتَانِ وَالْأَصَحُّ
أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِعَوْرَةٍ لِلِابْتِلَاءِ بِإِبْدَائِهَا .قال منلا
خسرو في الدرر [الذي قال عنه ابن عابدين أنه كتاب مبني على غاية التحقيق]
(1/59)الْحُرَّةُ ) أَيْ جَمِيعُ أَعْضَائِهَا ( عَوْرَةٌ إلَّا
وَجْهَهَا وَكَفَّيْهَا وَقَدَمَيْهَا ) فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَجِدُ بُدًّا
مِنْ مُزَاوَلَةِ الْأَشْيَاءِ بِيَدَيْهَا وَفِي كَفَّيْهَا زِيَادَةٌ
ضَرُورَةً وَمِنْ الْحَاجَةِ إلَى كَشْفِ وَجْهِهَا خُصُوصًا فِي
الشَّهَادَةِ وَالْمُحَاكَمَةِ وَالنِّكَاحِ وَتَضْطَرُّ إلَى الْمَشْيِ
فِي الطُّرُقَاتِ وَظُهُورُ قَدَمَيْهَا خُصُوصًا الْفَقِيرَاتِ
مِنْهُنَّ وَهُوَ مَعْنَى قوله تعالى عَلَى مَا قَالُوا { إلَّا مَا
ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا } أَيْ مَا جَرَتْ الْعَادَةُ وَالْجِبِلَّةُ عَلَى
ظُهُورِهِ وَيُرْوَى أَنَّ الْقَدَمَ عَوْرَةٌعلّق عليه الشرنبلالي في
حاشيته الشهيرة بـ: الشرنبلالية:قَوْلُهُ وَقَدَمَيْهَا ) هَذَا فِي
أَصَحِّ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ كَمَا فِي الْبُرْهَانِ . ( قَوْلُهُ وَيُرْوَى
أَنَّ الْقَدَمَ عَوْرَةٌ ) أَقُولُ صَحَّحَهُ الْأَقْطَعُ وَقَاضِي
خَانْ وَاخْتَارَهُ الْإِسْبِيجَابِيُّ والمرغيناني وَصَحَّحَ صَاحِبُ
الِاخْتِيَارِ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِعَوْرَةٍ فِي الصَّلَاةِ بِخِلَافِ
خَارِجِهَا وَرَجَّحَ فِي شَرْحِ الْمُنْيَةِ كَوْنَهُ عَوْرَةً
مُطْلَقًا كَذَا فِي الْبَحْرِ لَكِنْ قَدْ عَلِمْت أَنَّ الْقَدَمَيْنِ
لَيْسَا مِنْ الْعَوْرَةِ فِي أَصَحِّ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ .و في الفتاوى
الهندية: (1/60)بَدَنُ الْحُرَّةِ عَوْرَةٌ إلَّا وَجْهَهَا وَكَفَّيْهَا
وَقَدَمَيْهَا . كَذَا فِي الْمُتُونِقال الإمام الحصكفي في الدر المختار
شرح تنوير الأبصار: (باب شروط الصلاة)جَمِيعُ بَدَنِهَا ) حَتَّى
شَعْرُهَا النَّازِلُ فِي الْأَصَحِّ ( خَلَا الْوَجْهِ وَالْكَفَّيْنِ )
فَظَهْرُ الْكَفِّ عَوْرَةٌ عَلَى الْمَذْهَبِ ( وَالْقَدَمَيْنِ )
عَلَى الْمُعْتَمَدِقال ابن عابدين في رد المحتار: (و قد وافق فيها ما
اعتمده الحصكفي كما هو بين:)( قَوْلُهُ عَلَى الْمُعْتَمَدِ ) أَيْ مِنْ
أَقْوَالٍ ثَلَاثَةٍ مُصَحَّحَةٍ ثَانِيهَا عَوْرَةٌ مُطْلَقًا
ثَالِثهَا عَوْرَةٌ خَارِجَ الصَّلَاةِ لَا فِيهَا
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Tuesday, October 8, 2013
Fathwa, - RE: Are the female feet awra?
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