Dought & clear, - How should a woman cut her hair in Hajj and ‘Umrah?

After my mother performed 'Umrah, she cut one lock of her hair, as she
didn't know the ruling. What is the ruling on that?
Praise be to Allah.
Shaving the head or cutting the hair is one of the obligatory acts of
'Umrah. Women do not have to shave their heads; rather what is
prescribed for them is cutting the hair. It is essential to shorten
all of the hair, according to the correct opinion. This is the view of
the Maalikis and Hanbalis. If she has braids, she should remove a
little from the end of each braid. Otherwise she should gather her
hair and cut something from the ends of all of it. What is recommended
(mustahabb) is to remove a fingertip's length, but less than that may
be removed, because no specific amount is mentioned in the texts.
Al-Baaji (may Allah have mercy on him) said inal-Muntaqa(3/29): With
regard to women, when a woman wants to enter ihram, she may braid her
hair, then when she exits ihram she may cut something from the ends of
her braids.
How much should she cut off? It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that he
said: The length of a fingertip. Ibn Habeeb narrated from Maalik that
it should be the length of a fingertip or a little more or a little
less. Maalik said: In our view there is no specific amount, and
whatever she cuts off is acceptable, but it is essential to cut
something from all of the hair, whether it is long or short. End
quote.
Ibn Qudaamah (may Allah have mercy on him) said inal-Mughni(3/196): It
is obligatory to cut or shave all of the hair; this (with regard to
cutting the hair) also applies to women. This is our view and is also
the view of Maalik. End quote.
He also said: Any amount that is cut from it is acceptable. Ahmad
said: He should cut off a fingertip's length. This is also the view of
Ibn 'Umar, ash-Shaafa'i, Ishaaq, and Abu Thawr. This may be understood
as meaning that it is mustahabb, because of the words of Ibn 'Umar.
End quote.
He also said (3/226): A woman should cut a fingertip's length from her
hair. What is meant by the fingertip is the end of the finger, from
the highest knuckle. What is prescribed for women is to cut the hair,
not to shave the head, and there is no difference of opinion
concerning that. Ibn al-Mundhir said: The scholars are unanimously
agreed on this. It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased
with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) said: "Women do not have to shave their heads; rather
women have to cut their hair." Narrated by Abu Dawood. It was narrated
that 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) told women not to shave
their heads. Narrated by at-Tirmidhi. Ahmad used to say: She should
cut a fingertip's length from each lock of hair. This is the view of
Ibn 'Umar, ash-Shaafa'i, Ishaaq and Abu Thawr. Abu Dawood said: I
heard Ahmad being asked whether a woman should cut something from all
of her hair. He said: Yes; she should gather her hair at the front of
her head then remove a fingertip's length from the ends of her hair.
End quote.
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said inash-Sharh
al-Mumti'(7/329): "A woman should cut a fingertip's length from her
hair" refers to the top of the finger. In other words, a woman should
take hold of her braids, if she has braids, or the ends of her hair,
if she does not have braids, and trim the length of a fingertip from
it. That is approximately two centimeters. With regard to what is
common among women, which is wrapping the end of the hair around the
finger then cutting it , that is not correct. End quote.
Based on that, a woman who cut only one lock of her hair has not cut
it in the manner required. What she must do now is cut her hair in the
manner we have described, but there is no penalty on her for what she
may have done previously of things that are forbidden in ihram.
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said concerning a
woman who had not completed her 'Umrah: With regard to what she may
have done of things that are forbidden in ihram, if we assume that her
husband had intercourse with her – and intercourse when in ihram is
the most serious of the things that are forbidden – there is no
penalty on her, because she was unaware (of the rulings), and anyone
who does any action that is forbidden when in ihram out of ignorance
or forgetfulness, or because he was compelled to do it, does not have
to pay any penalty.
End quote fromMajmoo' Fataawa Ibn 'Uthaymeen(21/351).
He (may Allah have mercy on him) was also asked: A man cut his hair on
one side after 'Umrah, then he went back to his family and he found
out that what he had done was not correct. What should he do? He
replied: If he did this thing out of ignorance, than what he must do
is take off his ordinary clothes now (and put on his ihram garments),
and shave his head completely or cut his hair. What he did is
pardoned, because he did not know. Shaving or cutting the hair does
not have to be done in Makkah; rather it may be done there or
elsewhere. But if what he did was based on a fatwa from one of the
scholars, he does not have to do anything, because Allah says
(interpretation of the meaning): "Ask the people of knowledge, if you
do not know" [al-Anbiya' 21:7]. And some of the scholars said that
cutting part of the hair is like cutting all of the hair.
End quote fromal-Liqa' ash-Shahri, no. 10
Women do not have to change their clothes before cutting the hair,
because it is not haraam for them to wear ordinary clothes when in
ihram; rather they are only forbidden to wear the niqab and gloves.
And Allah knows best.

Dought & clear, - He is asking about the cost of the fidyah for removing hair

What is the cost, in riyals, of the fidyah for removing hair or
clipping the nails (when in ihram)?
Praise be to Allah.
Things that are forbidden when in ihram include removing hair from the
head or body and clipping the nails. For each of these a fidyah must
be offered. The individual has the choice between sacrificing a sheep;
feeding six poor persons, giving each poor person half a saa'; or
fasting for three days. That is because Allah, may He be exalted, says
(interpretation of the meaning):
"and do not shave your heads until the Hady reaches the place of
sacrifice. And whosoever of you is ill or has an ailment in his scalp
(necessitating shaving), he must pay a Fidyah (ransom) of either
observing Saum (fasts) (three days) or giving Sadaqah (charity -
feeding six poor persons) or offering sacrifice (one sheep)"
[al-Baqarah 2:196].
And because of the hadeeth of Ka'b ibn 'Ajrah (may Allah be pleased
with him). When he needed to shave his head whilst in ihram, the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said to him: "Shave
your head, and fast for three days, or feed six poor persons, or offer
a sacrifice."
Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 4190; Muslim, 1201
It is not permissible to offer the fidyah in the form of cash, and it
is not valid to do so, because that is not mentioned in the texts.
Rather it must be given in the form of food, as enjoined by the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him).
If the question is about removing something from the hair or nails
after the month of Dhu'l-Hijjah has begun, in the case of one who
wants to offer a sacrifice but is not in a state of ihram for Hajj or
'Umrah, in this case even though it is haraam, no fidyah is required;
rather he has to pray for forgiveness and repent.

Sayings of Imam Musa Kazim (as):

Imam Musa Kazim (as) said: "If there is a walnut in your hand and
people say that it is a pearl, their saying will not benefit you in
any way when you know that it is actually a walnut. And if there is a
pearl in your hand and people say that it is a walnut, their saying
will not harm you in any way when you know that it is actually a
pearl."
Imam Musa Kazim (as) said: "Indeed cultivation and growth takes shape
in a soft, even land and not in a rocky (barren) land. Likewise,
wisdom grows and develops in a humble heart and not in a proud, vain
and arrogant heart."
Imam Musa Kazim (as) said: "Always say the right thing although it may
lead to your loss." "It is better to be defeated on principle than to
win on lies." Arthur Calwell

Imam Moosa Al-Kadhim (as) and Knowledge of unseen (Ilm-e-Ghaib):

One day Haroon Rasheed sent some robes to Ali bin Yaqtin to honour
him. Among their number was a black woolen cloak adorned with gold
like the robes of kings. Ali bin Yaqtin dispatched those robes to Imam
Moosa Al-Kadhim (as). Among their number he (also) sent that cloak
adorned with gold. Ali bin Yaqtin added some money which he had
already prepared specifically for him as the fifth of his money (Khums
- tax for the Imams) which he was going to pay him.
When that reached Imam Moosa Al-Kadhim (as), he accepted the money and
the robes but returned the cloak by the hand of the messenger to Ali
bin Yaqtin. Imam Musa Al-Kadhim (as), wrote to him: "Keep it and do
not let it leave your hands. For an event will occur to you because of
it when you will have the need of it with him (Haroon Rasheed)."
Ali bin Yaqtin was suspicious about it being returned to him and did
not understand the reason for that. Some time later, Ali bin Yaqtin
changed (his attitude) towards a servant who had a special position
with him and he left his service.
The servant knew about Ali bin Yaqtin's inclination towards Imam Musa
Al-Kadhim (as). He was acquainted with the money, robes and other
things (Ali bin Yaqtin) had sent to (Imam Musa Al-Kadhim (as)) on
every occasion. He (went and) informed on him to Haroon Rasheed. He
told (Haroon Rasheed) that (Ali bin Yaqtin) maintained the Imamate of
Imam Musa Al-Kadhim (as) and paid him a fifth of his money each year,
and also that he had given him the cloak with which the Commander of
the faithful (Haroon Rasheed) had honoured him at such-and-such a
time. Haroon Rasheed burned with anger and was furious. He declared:
"I will expose this situation. If the matter is as you say, his life
will be destroyed."
Abbasid Caliph, Haroon Rasheed immediately sent for Ali bin Yaqtin to
be brought. When he appeared before him, Haroon Rasheed said: "What
have you done with the cloak which I bestowed upon you?"
"Commander of the faithful," (Ali bin Yaqtin) replied, "I still have
it in a sealed chest and there I keep perfume with it. In the mornings
I open it and look at it to gain blessings from it. I kiss it and then
put it back in its place. Every night I do the same thing."
"Bring it, immediately," Haroon Rasheed ordered.
"Yes, Commander of the faithful," he answered. Ali bin Yaqtin summoned
one of his servants and told him: "Go to such-and-such a room in my
house. Take the key for it from my custodian and open it. Open
such-and-such a box and bring me the sealed chest which is in it."
It was not long before the servant returned with the chest still
sealed. Ali bin Yaqtin put it before Haroon Rasheed and told him to
break the seal and open it. When Haroon Rasheed opened it, he saw the
cloak in it folded and laid out in perfume.
Haroon Rasheed's anger became pacified and he said to Ali bin Yaqtin:
"Return it to its place and go away righteously. I will never
disbelieve you again on the word of an informer."
Haroon Rasheed ordered a magnificent gift to be sent after him and he
had the informer flogged with a thousand lashes. After he had been
flogged about a hundred lashes, informer died.