The Angels and human beings - I

1 – The angels and Aadam
When Allaah, the Most Exalted, wanted to create Aadam He informed His
angels of that. They asked Him the reason behind that, because they
knew that the sons of Aadam would cause corruption and shed blood, and
they would disobey Allaah and disbelieve in Him. He told them that
there were reasons for the creation of Aadam which they did not know.
Allaah Says in the Quran (what means): "And [mention, O Muhammad],
when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth
a successive authority." They said, "Will You place upon it one who
causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we declare Your
praise and sanctify You?" He [Allaah] said, "Indeed, I know that which
you do not know." [Quran 2:30]
Their prostration to Aadam when he was created:
Allaah commanded His angels to prostrate to Aadam when Hehad completed
his creation and breathed His soul into him, Saying (what means): "[So
mention] when your Lord said to the angels: "Indeed, I am going to
create a human being from clay. So when I have proportioned him and
breathed into him of My [created] soul, then fall down to him in
prostration ." [Quran 38:71-72]
They responded to the command,except for Satan, as in the verse (which
means): "So the angels prostrated — all of them entirely.Except Satan;
he was arrogant and became among the disbelievers." [Quran 38:73-74]
How the angels taught Aadam :
It is narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allaah said:
"Allaah created Aadam in his image (i.e. without progressing through
the stages of a normal human, starting froma sperm until the
completion of his human formation), and he (Aadam) was sixty cubits
tall. When He had created him, He said, `Go and greet them – a
group of angels who were sitting– and listen to how they respond,for
that will be your greeting andthe greeting of your descendents.' So he
said, 'As-Salaamu `Alaykum,' and they said, 'As-Salaamu `Alayka wa
rahmat-Allaahi. So they added thewords wa rahmat-Allaah."
[Al-Bukhaari]
The angels washed Aadam when he died:
When Aadam died, his children did not know what they should do with
his body, so the angels taught them. Ubayy Ibn Ka'b narrated that the
Prophet said: "When Aadam, died, the angels washed his body with water
an odd number of times, then they buried him in a grave with a niche
(land), and said: This is the way of the sons of Aadam." [Al-Haakim
and At-Tabaraani]
It is narrated in an authentic narration that the angels
washedHanthalah Ibn Abu `Aamir who was martyred in the battle of Uhud.
The Messenger said to his companions after Hanthalah was killed: "The
angels are washing your companion" – meaning Hanthalah. The companions
asked his wife, and she said that he had gone out when he heard the
call to Jihaad, and he was in astate of ritual impurity following
marital relations. The Messenger of Allaah said, "That is why the
angels washed his body." [Al-Haakim and Al-Bayhaqi]
2 – The angels and the sons of Aadam :
The connection between the angels and the descendents of Aadam is very
strong. They are there when a person is created, they guard him/her
afterhe/she emerges into this world. They bring the revelation from
Allaah and they watch over people's actions and behaviour. They bring
a person's soul forth from his body when his appointed time (of death)
comes.
Their role in the creation of man:
Abu Tharr said: "I heard the Messenger of Allaah say: `When forty-two
nights are passed, Allaah sends an angel to the nutfah (embryo) and he
gives it shape, forming its hearing and sight, its skin, flesh and
bones. Then he says: `O Lord, male or female?' Then your Lord decrees
whatever He wills and the angel writes it down.'" [Muslim]
It is narrated that Ibn Mas'ood said: "The Messenger of Allaah who is
the most truthful one, told us: "Each one ofyou comes together in
mother's womb for forty days, then becomes an 'Aalaqah (clot) for a
similar period of time. Then he becomes a Mudhghah (chewed lump of
flesh) for a similar lengthof time. Then Allaah sends an angel to him,
who is commandedwith four things. It is said to him:Write down his
deeds, his provision, and whether he is doomed (destined for Hell) or
blessed (destined for Paradise). Then the soul is breathed into him.'"
[Al-Bukhaari]
The Prophet also said: "Allaah has appointed an angel over the womb,
and he (the angel) says, 'OLord, a Nutfah (embryo from the mixed
discharge of male and female); O Lord, an 'Alaqah (clot); O Lord, a
Mudhghah (chewed lump of flesh).' And when Allaah wants to decree his
creation, he says: `O Lord, male or female? Doomed or blessed? What is
his provision? What is his lifespan?' All of that is written when he
is in his mother's womb." [Al-Bukhaari]
The angels guard the sons of Aadam :
Almighty Allaah Says (what means): "It is the same [to Him] concerning
you whether one conceals [his] speech or one publicizes it and whether
one is hidden by night or conspicuous [among others] by day. For him
[i.e. each one] are successive [angels] before and behind him who
protect him by the decree ofAllaah. Indeed, Allaah will not change the
condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And
when Allaah intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And
there is not for them besides Him any patron." [Quran 13:10-11]
Ibn `Abbaas has explained that what is meant by"successive angels" is
the angels whom Allaah appoints to guard aperson from before and from
behind. Then when the decree of Allaah comes, which Allaah wills
should befall him, they withdraw from him.
Mujaahid said: "There is no person who does not have an angel
appointed to protect him when he is asleep and when he isawake, from
the jinn, other men and savage beasts. None of these come to him, but
the angel tells it, `Keep away!' except for that which Allaah has
given permission to befall him."
A man said to 'Ali Ibn Abu Taalib : "A group from (the tribe of)
Muraad want to kill you." He (`Ali) said: "With every man there are
angels guarding him from whatever has not been decreed for him. When
the decree comes, they move away from him and letit reach him. Your,
fixed lifespan (decreed by Allaah) is a protection for you."
[Al-Bidaayah Wan-Nihaayah]
These guardians are sent by Allaah to protect His slaves until the
decreed time of death comes to them.

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Social Problems - His wife torments his daughter from another wife, and he has a son from her, and he is confused as to how he should deal with her.

I got married two years after my divorce, and I told my second wife
thatI had a daughter, and I hoped that she would seek reward with
Allaah by raising her, but I was shocked to find that she treats my
daughter badly, and she torments her. On one occasion shemade her fall
to the ground, and she injured her face -- she was two years old --
and she always threatens her because the girl cannot control herself
when sheneeds the bathroom. As a result of that, it generated hatred
and resentment towards her in my heart, and I have divorced her twice.
I have a son from her whois 1½ years old. I can no longer put up with
her bad treatment of my daughter, especially since I am far away
frommy family, and my mother is elderly and does not have the strength
to raise my daughter. Her mother left her with me when she was three
months old. Today I came home and she said to me: I burnt your
daughter's leg and stomach with a spoon that I heated on the fire, so
that she will learn to go to the bathroom by herself andnot -- excuse
me -- relieve herself in other rooms. I am fed up and all of my life
is worry and fear for my daughter, who is now 4½ years old. I can no
longer trust this woman,but I'm thinking of this poor child (my son).
Please tell me what the Islamic teachings are and advise me, may
Allaah bless you. I have suffered, and am mentally and physically ill
as a result of this.
Praise be to Allaah.
It seems that the series of sufferings that you are facing with this
woman will continue, and the list of her bad deeds will grow longer.
Her bad treatment of your little girl will never know any limit; if
your daughter was an animal it would not be permissible for her to
dowhat she has done to her.
We are certain that if your son from her were to suffer as your
daughter is suffering because of not being able to go to the bathroom
by himself, you would not see him being treated as badly asshe is
treating your daughter. This -- unfortunately -- happensa lot with the
wives of fathers, and many, both male and female, suffer from this.
What we advise you to do is:
You must deal with the matter seriously and quickly, try to instil a
sense of love, mercy and compassion in her heart,in the hope that she
will stop what she is doing. Ifyou succeed in doing that, then you
will have achieved what you wantand she will still be your wife.
If you do not succeed, then you have no choice but divorce. We do not
advise you to be hardhearted and harsh, because that will only make
her more cruel towards your daughter, and she will find more ways to
harm her, whilstconcealing the evidence of her misdeeds. Hence ifshe
does not respond to you and change her behaviour, and mend her ways in
response to kindness and persuasion, there is no solution that will
put an end to your suffering except divorce, sooner rather than later.
You are aware of your daughter's suffering, and you hear her cries,
and you see the injury toher face and the burns on her leg and
stomach, yet despite that you're still confused because you have a son
from her.So how would it be if there were more children then?! But we
will not hide anything from you, and we will tell you frankly that
witha woman such as this, whom you have divorced twice yet it has not
stopped her wrongdoing and aggression, there is no hope for much good
in her, and it cannot be expected that she will bekind to your
daughter, because mercy cannot be instilled by means of threats or
warnings in the heart of one whom Allaah has deprived of it.
If you think of divorcing her for a third time, or she sees signs of
that in you, do not leave your daughter with her, rather leave her
with one of your relatives or with trustworthy women among your
neighbours or friends, because she might try to take revenge on her
because of your divorcing her. We do notknow how you are going to deal
with the matter, because women vary, hence we are afraid that she may
do something to your daughter. With such women there is no regret in
separating from them.
We ask Allaah to relieve your distress and worry, and to reward you
for your calamity, and replace it with good from Him.
And Allaah knows best.

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- Social Problems - Advice and guidelines for someone who cannot mix with people and prefers to stay homealone.

I cannot bear to mix with people and I prefer to be alone. I feel that
I am in a state of distress when I mix with others. The Messenger
(blessingsand peace of Allah be upon him) commanded us to pray in the
mosque. What should I do? I would rather not pray than pray in the
mosque.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
The situation you are in does not only have to dowith praying in the
mosque, rather it has to do with other duties which require you to go
out of the house, such asupholding ties of kinship, earning money so
that you can live, seeking knowledge, enjoining what is good,
forbidding what is evil, and so on.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
The fact of the matter is that mixing may sometimes be obligatoryor
mustahabb. An individual may be enjoined to mix with others sometimes
and toremain alone sometimes.That depends on the purpose. If mixing
with others is for the purposeof cooperating in righteousness and
piety, then it is enjoined; but ifit is for the purpose of cooperating
in sin and transgression, then it is forbidden. Mixing with Muslims is
a kind of worship, as in the case of the five daily prayers, Jumu'ah,
Eid, eclipse prayers, prayers for rain and so on. This is something
that Allah andHis Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
have enjoined. The same applies to mixing with them on Hajj and when
fighting the kuffaar and rebels, even if the leaders of that are
evildoers and even if there are some evildoersamong the people
involved.
The same applies to being involved in gatherings that increase a
person's faith, either because he benefits from these gatherings orhe
can benefit others, and so on.
Majmoo' al-Fataawa, 10/425
Thus you can see that the way you are is something that is not
pleasing to the Lord of the Worlds, and you have to look again at
thesituation and realise thatwhat you are doing is a trick from the
shaytaan who is making your situation and your bad deed look good to
you. Beware of him and his tricks, and get ready to fight him, and
trust that your Lord will help you by granting victory against him.
Secondly:
If you feel distress when mixing with people, then we can be certain
that you will never be better off on your own or in isolation. Rather
the wolf eats the sheep that wanders off from the flock and the
shaytaan overpowers those who are solitary and do not have helpers to
help them obey their Lord or supporters who will support them against
the shaytaan and his troops. Even if you find some annoyance in mixing
with people, that mixing, if you bear it with patience, is still
better than not mixing. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) praised the one who mixes with people and bears their
annoyance with patience.
It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said: The Messenger of Allaah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "The believer who
mixeswith people and bears their annoyance with patience will have a
greater reward than the one who does not mix with people and does not
put up with their annoyance." Narrated byal-Tirmidhi (5207) and Ibn
Maajah (4032).
Moreover, there is no reason for your isolationand you do not have --
as far as we can see -- any justification for which we would encourage
you to remain like that. We feel that any isolation which results in
you not praying jumu'ah for prayers in congregation is not acceptable
and wedo not encourage it.
Some of the reasons for isolation include total corruption of people,
lack of people to supportyou in adhering to the truth, each person
admiring his own opinion, and lack of benefit in sincerely advising
people. By Allah's grace, none of these are applicable in Muslim
societies or even in kaafir societies. We have heard of thousandsof
kuffaar who are entering the religion of Allah all the time, and we
hear of others like them, sinners who have begun to follow the pathof
guidance. Indeed we find that people are thirsting for those who will
quench their thirst and they are hungry for those who will feed them,
in spiritual terms of goodness and guidance.
As for your justification for isolation, namely shar'i knowledge, we
donot think this is the case.You are preferring isolation to the kind
of mixing that is obligatory, so if you are neglecting Islamic
dutiesbecause of this isolation of yours, what kind of sha'i knowledge
do you have so that we could tell you to keep away from people and
focus on obeying your Lord and preserving your religious commitment?
Hence Abu Sulaymaan al-Khattaabi (may Allah have mercy on him)
said:Isolation only benefits scholars and wise men, but it is the most
harmful of things for theignorant. And he narrated from Ibraaheem that
he said to Mugheerah: Acquire deep understanding of Islam, then you
can isolate yourself.
See: al-'Azlah by al-Khattaabi, p. 225
Thirdly:
As you have written to us -- and we appreciate that -- this means that
you are still holding on to a thread and the beginning of the right
way to bring you out of this fatal loneliness. You have entered the
world of the Internet, which is millions of times greater than your
small world that you have forsaken. In this vast world there is far
more evil than in your forsaken world. So beware of that, for how much
temptation it has caused to righteous people and how much evil it has
caused to righteous and chaste women.
Strive to do the acts of worship which Allah has enjoined on you,
first and foremost among which is praying in congregation in the
mosque. In the answer to question number 120 you will find the
evidence for this duty. You also have to earn permissible income so
asto protect your dignity and spare you from having to ask of people,
and so that you can honour your parents and take care of them and help
them to buy what they need or help them to get to the placesthey want
to go, and uphold ties of kinship with your family and relatives.
You should remember that this world will never be free of hardships,
worries and distress. If you want a place where there is none of these
things, with complete happinessand ease, a good life and the pleasure
of Allah, then you will find that in the Paradise of Allah in the
Hereafter. Sostrive for that Day and rid yourself of that which may
cause you distress in this world by reducing your involvement in it;
ask Allah to help you to attain that, and remember that isolating
oneself is nothing more than being alone with the Shaytaan, and it
will only bring you more worries and distress. Do you not see that the
punishment of imprisonment is painful for the free man, and the worst
form of it is solitary confinement? Sohow can you prefer for yourself
that which prisoners would sacrificethat which is most dear to them in
order to escape?
We ask Allah to guide you to the truth and to help you to follow the
path of the righteous among His slaves; were itnot for the fact that
Allahdecreed that they shouldmix with people and establish acts of
worship, we and you would not have known Islam or had the honour of
belonging to it. So become one of the troops of Islam, wield your
weapon in the face of your shaytaan and make up for what you have
missed by striving hard and doing acts of worship on a solid basis.
And Allah is the source ofstrength.

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Social Problems - He said to his fiancée: If you conceal anything from me, you will be haraam to me after marriage.

My fiancé knows that I was in a relationship with someone else before
I met him, and the other person is his friend. There took place
between me and this person some things which did not go as far as
major immorality, but they are haraam. Now I have repented and I ask
Allaah to forgive me.
The problem is that my fiancé is not sure about what happened in the
past with his friend, and he has heard some of hisfriends say bad
things about me and that this friend has told them what took place
between us. My fiancé made me swear to him that I would tell him
everything that happened and he himself swore that I would be haraam
to himafter marriage if I concealed anything fromhim or told a lie. I
swore with the Mushaf in my hand and inside the mosque and upon the
Qur'aan that I would be haraam to him if I concealed anything fromhim,
but in fact I did conceal what happened to me in the past. Please note
that I am going to get married soon, if Allaah wills, and I am afraid.
Am I sinning withregard to him, knowing that he always tells me that
he will never forgive me and will never be pleased with me before
Allaah if I conceal anything from him. What should I do, may Allaah
reward you with good?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
The fiancé or husband has no right to ask abouthis wife's past. It is
sufficient for him that she is righteous and is known for good at the
time of marrying her, and there is nothing wrong with her religious
commitment orchastity. As to whether she did anything haraamin the
past, but then repented from it and became righteous, it is wrong to
ask her about that and make her choose between telling lies or getting
divorced, or make her tell her secrets and disclose that which Allaah
had concealed for her, then if she tells him the truth, that opens the
door to doubt and suspicion.
What some people call for, of each spouse being frank with the other
and telling them of things in the past thatAllaah has concealed, is
wrong and ignorant. Rather they should be pleased that Allaah has
concealed it and they should praise Allaah for it.
Secondly:
A wife or fiancée is not obliged to tell us what happened in the past
that Allaah has concealed. Rather she must conceal herself, because
the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) said: "Avoid
this filth that Allaah has forbidden. Whoever does any such thing,
then let him conceal it with the concealment of Allaah." (Narrated by
al-Bayhaqi; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in al-Silsilah
al-Saheehah, no. 663).
And Muslim (2590) narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased
with him) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him)
said: "Allaah does not conceal a person in this world but Allaah will
conceal him on the Day of Resurrection."
If her husband or fiancé persists in asking, then she may use a double
entendre, such as saying:Nothing happened between me and that man --
meaning that nothing happened todayor yesterday, because she is
enjoined to conceal it and there is no interest to be served in
telling him. So it is prescribed for her to usea double entrendre, and
in fact some scholars said that it is permissibleto tell a lie in that
case. For more details on that please see the answer toquestion number
83093 .
Based on that, we hope that there will be no sin on you because of the
liethat you told, although itwould have been better to use a double
entendre.
Thirdly:
If a man says to his fiancée: You will be haraam to me after the
wedding if you concealed anything fromme, then she conceals something
from him, shewill not be divorced and no zihaar will take
place,because divorce and zihaar can only take place after marriage,
and the fiancé is saying this before the marriage contract has taken
place.So no divorce or zihaar takes place.
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: It should
be noted that divorce can only take place after marriage, because it
is the dissolution of the marriage bond. So before marriage there is
no divorce. Even if a mansays to a woman: If I marry you, then you are
divorced, then he marries her, she is not divorced. Or if a man's wife
said to him: I heard that you want to take a second wife and I do
notagree to that, and she put pressure on him, andhe said to her: Will
you be pleased if I say that if I marry a woman, she is divorced? And
she said: I am pleased with that, then he said it and did not get
married, and if he did get married she would not be divorced, because
that took place before the marriage. Endquote from al-Sharh al-Mumti'
(13/7).
We ask Allaah to accept your repentance and to set your affairs straight.
And Allaah knows best.

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