Adiyy ibn Hatim - Biographies of the Companions (Sahabah)

In the ninth year of the Hijrah, an Arab king made the first positive
moves to Islam after years of feeling hatred for it. He drew closer to
faith (iman) after opposing and combating it. And he finally pledged
allegiance to the Prophet, peace be on him, after his adamant refusal
to do so.
He was Adiyy, son of the famous Hatim at-Taai who was known far and
wide for his chivalry and fabulous generosity. Adiyy inherited the
domain of his father and was confirmed in the position by the Tayy
people. Partof his strength lay in the fact that a quarter of any
amount they obtained as booty from raiding expeditions had to be given
to him.
When the Prophet announced openly his call to guidance and truth and
Arabs from one regionafter another accepted his teachings, Adiyy saw
in his mission a threat to his position and leadership. Although he
did not know the Prophet personally, and had never seen him, he
developed strong feelings of enmity towards him. He remained
antagonistic to Islam for close upon twenty years until at last God
opened his heart to the religion of truth and guidance.
The way in which Adiyy became a Muslim is a remarkable story and he is
perhaps the best person to relate it. He said:
"There was no man among the Arabs who detested God's Messenger, may
God bless him and grant him peace, more than I, when I heard about
him. I wasthen a man of status and nobility. I was a Christian. From
my people I took a fourth of their booty as was the practice of other
Arab kings.
When I heard of the Messenger of God, peace be on him, I hated him.
When his mission grew in strength and when his power increased and his
armies and expeditionary forces dominated east and west of the land of
Arabs, I said to a servant of minewho looked after my camels:
'Get ready a fat camel for me which is easy to ride and tether it
close to me. If you hear of an army or an expeditionary force of
Muhammad coming towards this land, let me know.' One evening, my
servant came to me and said: "Yaa Mawlaya! What you intended to do on
the approach of Muhammad's cavalry to your land, do it
now." 'Why? May your mother lose you!'
'I have seen scouts searching close to the habitations. I asked about
them and was told that they belonged to the army of Muhammad,' he
said.
'Bring the camel which I orderedyou to get ready.' I said to him. Igot
up then and there, summoned my household (including) my children and
ordered them to evacuate the land we loved. We headed in thedirection
of Syria to join people of our own faith among the Christians and
settle among them.
We left in too much haste for me to gather together our entire
household. When I took stock of our situation, I discovered that part
of my family was missing. I had left myown sister in our Najd
homelands together with the rest of the Tayy people. I did not have
any means to return to her.So I went on with those who were with me
until I reached Syria and took up residence there among people of my
own religion. As for my sister, what I feared for her happened.
News reached me while I was in Syria that the forces of Muhammad
entered our habitations and took my sister together with a number of
othercaptives to Yathrib. There she was placed with other captives in
a compound near the door of the Masjid.
The Prophet, peace be upon him,passed by her. She stood up before him
and said: 'Yaa Rasulullah! My father is dead andmy guardian is not
here. Be gracious to me and God will be gracious to you.! 'And who is
your guardian?' asked the Prophet. 'Adiyy ibn Hatim.' she said. 'The
one who fled from God and His Prophet?' he asked. He then left her and
walked on.
On the following day, the same thing happened. She spoke to him just
as she did the day before and he replied in the same manner. The next
day, the same thing happened and she despaired of getting any
concession from him for he did not say anything. Then a man from
behind him indicated that she should stand up and talk to him. She
therefore stood up and said:
'O Messenger of God! My father isdead and my guardian is absent.Be
gracious to me and God will be gracious to you.' I have agreed he
said. Turning to thoseabout him, he instructed: likewise `Let her go
for her father loved noble ways, and God loves them.' 'I want to join
my family in Syria,' she said.
"But don't leave in a hurry," said the Prophet, "until you find
someone you can trust from your people who
could accompany you to Syria. If you find a trustworthy person, let me know."
When the Prophet left, she asked about the man who had suggested that
she speak to the Prophet and was told that he was Ali ibn Abi Talib,
may God bepleased with him. She stayed in Yathrib until a group
arrived among whom was someone shecould trust. So she went the Prophet
and said:
'O Messenger of God! A group of my people have come to me andamong
them is one I can trust who could take me to my family.'
The Prophet, peace be on him, gave her fine clothes and an adequate
sum of money. He alsogave her a camel and she left with the group.
Thereafter we followed her progress gradually and waited for her
return. We could hardly believe what we heard about Muhammad's
generosity towards her in spite of my attitude to him. By God, I am a
leader of my people. When I beheld a woman in herhawdaj coming towards
us, I said: 'The daughter of Hatim! It's she! It's she!'
When she stood before us, she snapped sharply at me and said: 'The one
who severs the tie of kinship is a wrongdoer. You took your family and
your children and left the rest of your relations and those whom you
ought to have protected.'
'Yes, my sister,' I said, 'don't say anything but good.' I tried to
pacify her until she was satisfied. She told me what had happened to
her and it was as I had heard. Then I asked her, for she was an
intelligent and judicious person:
"What do you think of the mission of this man (meaning Muhammad peace
be on him)?""I think, by God, that you should join him quickly." she
said. "If heis a Prophet, file one who hastens towards him would enjoy
his grace. And if he is a king, you would not be disgraced in his
sight while you are as you are."
I immediately prepared myself for travel and set off to meet
theProphet in Madinah without any security and without any letter.
Ihad heard that he had said: 'I certainly wish that God will place the
hand of Adiyy in nay hand.'
I went up to him. He was in the Masjid. I greeted him and he said:
'Who is the man? 'Adiyy ibnHatim,' I said. He stood up for me, took me
by the hand and set off towards his home.
By God, as he was walking with me towards his house, a weak old woman
met him. With her was a young child. She stopped him and began talking
to him about a problem. I was standing(all the while). I said to
myself: 'By God, this is no king.'
He then took me by the hand and went with me until we reached his
home. There he got a leather cushion
filled with palm fibre, gave it to me said: 'Sit on this!'
I felt embarrassed before him and said: 'Rather, you sit on it.' 'No,
you,' he said.
I deferred and sat on it. The Prophet, peace be on him, sat onthe
floor because there was no other cushion. I said to myself:
'By God, this is not the manner of a king!' He then turned to me and
said: 'Yes, Adiyy ibn Hatim! Haven't you been a "Rukusi" professing a
religion between Christianity and Sabeanism?' 'Yes,' I replied.
'Did you not operate among your people on the principle of exacting
from them a fourth, taking from them what your religion does not allow
you?'
'Yes,' I said, and I knew from that he was a Prophet sent (by God).
Then he said to me: 'Perhaps, O Adiyy, the only thing that prevents
you from entering this religion is what you see of the destitution of
the Muslims and their poverty. By God, the time is near when wealth
wouldflow among them until no one could be found to take it.
'Perhaps, O Adiyy, the only thing that prevents you from entering this
religion is what you see of the small number of Muslims and their
numerous foe. By God, the time is near when you would hear of the
woman setting out from Qadisiyyah on her camel until she reaches this
house, not fearing anyone except Allah.
'Perhaps what prevents you from entering this religion is that you
only see that sovereignty and power rest in the hands of those who are
not Muslims. By God, you will soon hear of the white palaces of the
land of Babylon opening up for them and the treasures of Chosroes the
son of Hormuz fall to their lot.'
'The treasures of Chosroes the son of Hormuz?' I asked
(incredulously). 'Yes, the treasures of Chosroes the son of Hormuz,'
he said. Thereupon, I professed the testimony of truth, and declared
my acceptance of Islam."
One report says that when Adiyy saw the simplicity of the Prophet's
life-style, he said to him: "I testify that you do not seek high
office in this world norcorruption," and he announced his acceptance
of Islam. Some people observed the Prophet's treatment of Adiyy and
said to him:
"O Prophet of God! We have seenyou do something which you have not
done to any other.""Yes," replied the Prophet. "This is a man of
stature among his people. If such a person come toyou, treat him
honorably."
Adiyy ibn Hatim, may God be pleased with him, lived for a long time.
He later said: "Two of the things (which the Prophet spoke of) came to
pass and there remained a third. By God, it would certainly come to
pass."I have seen the woman leaving Qadisiyyah on her camel fearing
nothing until she arrived at this house (of the Prophet in Madinah).
"I myself was in the vanguard of the cavalry which descended on the
treasures of Chosroes and took them. And I swear by God that the third
event will be realized." Through the will of God, the third statement
of the Prophet, on him be choicest blessings and peace, came to pass
during the time of the devout and ascetic Khalifah, Umar ibn Abd
al-Aziz. Wealth flowed among the Muslims so much so that when the
town-criers called on people throughout the Muslim domain to come and
collect Zakat, no one was found in need to respond.

Ch 8: Behind the Curtain

In the course of this talk Umar Lahmi addressed Isabella.
Umar Lahmi: So for securing forgiveness of sins all kinds of dirty
acts have to be narrated? But how did you use to seek forgiveness?
Isabella (lowering her eyes with modesty): On a given date everyone
has to go to the great church,the same where you had discussion with
Michael and Peter and then…
Umar Lahmi: Are girls alsobound to appear?
Isabella: Yes, every adult girl and boy is present there and the
priest enquires from everyone what sins he had committed the previous
week. After stating the sins and making confession, the priest,
passing his hand on the head of the sinner, says: Now go. By the
blessing of Jesus Christ all your sins are forgiven.
Umar Lahmi: Are questions put to everyone in seclusion or in the
presence of all?
Isabella: It would not have been so shameful if everyone were asked to
confess in seclusion. But everyone is questioned in the presence of
all before the certificate of pardon is granted.
Umar Lahmi: Allah forgive! Even in the presence of unmarried boys and girls?
Isabella: Yes, and in fact (bowing her head in shame again) unmarried
boys and girls have to confess in public and in the hearing of all.
Umar Lahmi: Allah forgiveus! In the confession of sins many shameful
things may have to be stated. Supposing one has committed theft, he
shall have to confess it before all.
Isabella: Not only theft, even the most heinous act has to be publicly
confessed. If anyone does not confess and conceals something, thenthe
pardon is not granted and the sinner isthreatened of Hell.
Umar Lahmi: This might be having a very bad effect on the morals of
unmarried boys and girls.
Isabella: Certainly. But among the Roman Catholics no importance is
attached to sins securing pardon of sins being so easy. This has made
people bold in committing sins.
One of the audience: Are sins of common people forgiven by the priest himself?
Ziad (smiling): Probably the priest may not be committing any sins.
At this stage Ziad b. Umarleaves the meeting and goes upstairs to
devote himself in prayer and devotion.
Isabella (lowering eyes inshame and modesty): Youcannot conceive what
our religious leaders do, particularly our monks, and how full of sins
is their life.
Umar Lahmi: What! Are the lives of religious leaders even worse than
common people? What are you talking? It does not mean that by becoming
a Muslim you make false allegations against anyone. Punishment of
false accusation is very severe according to the Holy Quran.
Isabella: You must think like that because you are not aware of the
black record of the monks' lives and since you cannot even conceive of
these shameful acts, you may not be wrong if you think me lying or
disbelieve me.
Umar Lahmi: Is it a fact? Ifso, please let us know in detail.
All those present insisted that Isabella should throw some light on
these matters so that they may have an idea ofthe great boons
conferred by Islam .
Isabella: You know that abandoning the world and the life of a monk
have been greatly stressed in Christianity and, therefore, most of our
priests have adopted monkery and have forsaken the world. To gain
salvation they take great pains and afflict their bodies. In the same
way women also becomenuns (that is follow in thefootsteps of Virgin
Mary and lead unmarried lives). But at the same time monks and nuns
cannot maintain their chastity. Monks and religious leaders are also
corrupt and nuns often completely lose their chastity. Because of
confession and pardon monks often find a good opportunity to satisfy
their lust. Nuns are mostly involved in this moral depravity while
some monks do not spareeven their mothers and sisters. [Laski, History
of Civilization of Europe, Vol. II].
(At this stage Isabella is extremely ashamed and perspires.)
All present: Allah protect us ! Allah forgive us ! All power and
authority is with Allah!
Umar Lahmi: These thingshappen because Christianity has dignified
unmarried life and asceticism which is against Nature and Divine law.
A strong argument of the falsity ofChristianity is also that it
enjoins on men such lawsas are against Nature which men cannot follow.
It is for this that the Apostle of Islam had declared that La
Rahbaniyat fil-Islam. [There is no monkery or giving up the world in
Islam.] He also said : An-nikah min sunnati fa-man raghaba an sunnati
fa-laisa minni [Marriage is my system and whosoever turns away from my
system is not of me]. The Quran says: "And (as for) monkery, they
innovatedit—We did not prescribe it to them, but they did not observe
it with its due observance." And how can anyone observe a thing which
is unnatural and against law?
Isabella: Has Islam prohibited monkery and abandoning the world?
Umar Lahmi: Certainly. You have just heard whatthe Holy Quran and the
Prophet of Islam say.
Isabella was greatly moved on this and the dignity of Islam was
further enhanced in her mind.
A person: So the monks do not discriminate between the permissible and
the prohibited, between right and wrong ?
Isabella: There are many shameful things. When the honour of their
mothers and sisters is notsafe at their hands, what else they would
not be doing!
Mr Laski in his book, European Morals, has very elaborately exposed
the depravities of monks and priests in general and has written that
there was no moral crimewhich they did not commit.
A person: Are the nuns also so corrupt?
Isabella: Allah may protect us. Their condition is worse than monks.
Even European historianshave testified that when a tank in a school of
nunswas cleaned out several thousand craniums of babies were found
there which had been thrown in to conceal corruption of some of them.
Umar Lahmi: In fact the root of all this corruptionis the creed, of
Atonement which has given licence to Christians to commit sins.
Isabella: Surely, you have understood it well. In fact, the creed of
Atonement has taken away the fear of sins andeveryone is confident
that by confessing beforethe priest all kinds of siaswill be forgiven.
Umar Lahmi: Allah-o-Akbar (Allah is great!). The greatness and truth
of Islam is also manifest from the fact (hat while rejecting the creed
of Atonement, it has made good conduct the basis of salvation and
felicity and at the same time it has propounded the principle that:
"He who does an atom's weight ofgood will see it. And he who does an
atom's weight of evil will see it."
A person (to Isabella): You know that the creed of Atonement has
induced Christians to commit sins, but there is also another reason.
Christians consider all Prophets to be sinners and think that they
have been committing all kinds of sins in their life.
Isabella: This seems to be wrong. If the holy Prophets are also taken
to be sinners, then who will be left to cause aversion from sins and
what right shall they have to ask people to refrain from sins ?
Umar Lahmi: You are right, but what would you say to the Christians
regarding holy Apostles (Allah forbid!) as idol-worshippers,
adulterers and liars ?
Isabella: Oh brother! it is really the creed of Christians. They
regard Apostles as idol-worshippers and also liars. If this is so,
which of the Christian books say so ?
Umar Lahmi: My sister! you do not know yet the ideas of Christians
and, inorder to justify their ownsins, what serious accusations they
have made against Apostles. Since you have not yet carefully studied
your sacred books you are surprised at my words. I assure you that if
Islam had not come and the Champion of all Goodness, the Chief of
Apostles, had not exposed the untruths of Christians and Jews, no one
would have found any proof of the chastity of Apostles today.
Isabella : Are the Christians so shameless that they still believe in
Prophets while considering them sinners. Probably you have
misunderstood. I have not yet heard from anyone that Apostles
worshipped idols and told untruths. Can you prove your allegations
from the religious and revealed books of Christians ?
Umar Lahmi: Certainly from your revealed books…
Isabella : My religious and revealed books! My religious and revealed
book is the Holy Quran.
Umar Lahmi: I mean the books which you as a Christian regarded
religious and revealed. They contain all these things.
Isabella : Very strange! But kindly give some proof of it.
Umar Lahmi: I say it againthat in the sacred Christian books Prophets
(Allah forbid!) have been described as adulterers and
idol-worshippers. It is said about Prophet Lut (Lot) (the Old
Testament in his hand) had sexual intercourse with his daughters. See
Genesis, Chapter 19, verses 32-38. About Prophet David it is said that
he had. sexual intercourse with an alienwoman. See Samuel 2, Chapter
11, verse 4. Then it is said about Prophet Samson (Shamshun) that he
had intercourse with an alien woman and then had a love affair with
another. See Judges, chapter 16, verse 1.
All present: Allah forbid ! Allah may curse the Jews and Christians!
Allah forgive us! Allah forgive us!
Isabella is ashamed and perspires and could not speak.
Umar Lahmi : Now, listen further. In the Christian sacred books
Prophets have also been said to have been liars. First the Prophet
Samson (Shamshun) told a lie andtaught a wrong thing to a woman
thrice. See Judges, chapter 16. Next a Prophet (whose name is not
mentioned in the Bible) told a lie. See 2 Kings, chapter 13. Another
Prophet also tolda lie. See 1 Kings, chapter20. Christ told a lie. See
1 Kings, chapter 22, verse 15. Apostle Jeremiah also spoke a lot of
falsehood. See Jeremiah, chapter 38.(To Isabella:) You know Saint Paul
very well. What do the Christians say of him ?
Isabella : Christians believe Saint Paul to be aprophet and all great
priests are regarded as successors of Saint Paul and for this they are
authorised to forgive sins.
Umar Lahmi: Quite right. But is it not said about him in all the four
Bibles that when the enemies arrested Jesus Christ and wanted to
arrest Saint Paul, he thrice cursed Jesus- Christ and told a liethat
he did not know him(Christ)?
Isabella : Of course, it is so written. I used to take daily lessons
of the Bible from my teacher, Michael.
Umar Lahmi: Now, take the proof of the third thing that, according to
Christians, Prophets worshipped idols. It is written in the Book of
Exodus (which is the fourth part of Taurat), chapter 32, verse 4, that
Prophet Aaron asked his people to make idols andtaught them to worship
them. In chapter 11 of 1 Kings, it is said that Prophet Solomon at the
insistence of his wife worshipped idols in his old age and thus
assigned partners to Allah. Allah forbid!
Isabella : Allah protect us!
Umar Lahmi: Look, I have the Bible with me and I have marked relevant
portions. You may see yourself that I am not telling a lie. (Isabella
turns over the pages and reads all the references.) My object in
referring to these is that Christians boldly and fearlessly commit all
kinds of sins because, according to them, Prophets also committed them
(Allah forbid!) and they think that when Prophets werenot deprived of
their prophethood in spite of their sins, why should common people be
condemned on that very account.
Isabella: Does the Quran call all Prophets innocent?
Umar Lahmi: It is the greatest merit of the Quran that it has
stronglyrepudiated all the wrongideas and allegations of the Jews and
Christians and declares that Prophets did not. even think of
committing sins, to say the least of actually committing them. The
Quran says that what the Prophets prohibited they had never even
thought of doing it, and the Quran counts all Prophets among the
virtuous.
Isabella : Is it not written in the Quran that ProphetAdam ate the
fruit of the prohibited tree? Is it not disobedience of God's orders a
sin?
Umar Lahmi: The definition of sin is that it is an act which is
committed deliberately. Anything done unintentionally is not a sin.
For instance, a man isprohibited from eating or drinking while he is
observing fast, but if anyone eats and drinks in forgetfulness the
fast is not broken and there is no sin. Prophet Adam also ate the
fruit of the prohibited tree in forgetfulness as the Quran says: "We
had taken a pledge from Adam but he forgot it and We did not find
deliberation in him."
Isabella: Glory to God! I know it today that Adam committed no sin,
otherwise Christian priests used to allege that Adam is described asa
sinner in the Quran. (Suddenly becoming conscious of the time) Oh! I
am very much delayed and should go home at once. My father and mother
will be anxiously waiting for me,and I have not yet taken my food.
Umar Lahmi: If you like food can be served to you here. The common
food of my master (Ziad b. Umar) will be served toall of us, You may
also participate. Will you accept this request of mine?
Isabella: Thank you very much, but I will prefer to take food at my
house, for mother does not eat till I return after walk. She always
takes food with me.
Umar Lahmi: How long will she have your company in taking food! At
last one day the secret has to be out.
Isabella: Leave it to the time when it comes, but just now permit me to leave.
Umar Lahmi: When will you bring your friends with you?
Isabella: Tomorrow if possible, otherwise day after tomorrow
certainly.And now you should praythat they should also be guided to
the right path like me.
All present : Amin!
Isabella – A girl of Islamic Spain

Unrestricted Takbeer or Takbeer restricted to certain times during the days of Dhu’l-Hijjah

About unrestricted Takbeer during Eid al-Adha – is the Takbeer
following every prayer included in the unrestricted Takbeer? Is it
Sunnah, mustahabb orbid'ah?
Praise be to Allaah.
With regard to Takbeer on (Eid al-) Adhaa, it is prescribed from the
beginning of the month until the end of the thirteenth day of
Dhu'l-Hijjah, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"That they may witness things that are of benefit to them (i.e. reward
of Hajj in the Hereafter, and also someworldly gain from trade), and
mention the Name of Allaah on appointed days"
[al-Hajj 22:28]
- which are the ten days;and because Allaah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
"And remember Allaah during the appointed Days [These are the three
days of staying at Mina during the Hajj; 11th, 12th and 13th daysof
the month of Dhul-Hijjah]" [al-Baqarah 2:203]
- which are the days of Tashreeq.
And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "The
days of Tashreeq are the days of eating, drinking and remembering
Allaah." (Narrated by Muslim in his Saheeh). Al-Bukhaari mentioned in
his Saheeh, in a mu'allaq report, that Ibn 'Umar and Abu Hurayrah (may
Allaah be pleased with them both) used to go out to the market-place
on first ten days of Dhu'l-Hijjah, reciting Takbeer, and the people
used to recite Takbeer because of their Takbeer. 'Umar ibn al-Khattaab
and his son 'Abd-Allaah (may Allaah be pleased with them both) used to
recite Takbeer during the days of Mina in the mosque and in the camps,
and they would raise their voices until Mina echoedwith their Takbeer.
It was narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) and a group of the Sahaabah (may Allaah be pleased with
them) used to recite Takbeer following each of the five prayers from
Fajr on the day of 'Arafaah until 'Asr on thethirteenth day of
Dhu'l-Hijjah. This applies to those who are not on Hajj; for those who
are on Hajj, they should concentrate on their ihraam and recite the
Talbiyah, until they throw the stones at Jamarat al-'Aqabah on the Day
of Sacrifice (Yawm al-Nahr); after that they may recite Takbeer. The
Takbeer should start with the first stone thrown at the Jamarah
mentioned. If the pilgrim recites the Takbeer along with the Talbiyah,
that is OK, because Anas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: "Some
would recite the Talbiyah on the Day of 'Arafaah, and they were not
told off for doing so, and some would recite Takbeer and they were not
told off for doing so." (Narrated by al-Bukhaari). But it is better
for the one who isin ihraam to recite the Talbiyah and for the onewho
is not in ihraam to recite Takbeer on the days mentioned.
Hence we know that according to the most correct scholarly view,
unrestricted takbeer andtakbeer restricted to certain times are
combined on five days, i.e., the Day of 'Arafaah, the Day of Sacrifice
and the three days of Tashreeq. With regard tothe eighth day (of
Dhu'l-Hijjah) and the days preceding it, Takbeer onthose days may be
done at any times, not only at certain times, because ofthe aayahs and
reports mentioned above. In al-Musnad it is narrated from Ibn 'Umar
(may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said: "There are no days on which good deeds
are greater or more beloved to Allaah than on these ten days, so
recite much Tahleel (saying Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah), Takbeer (saying
Allaahu akbar) and Tahmeed (saying al-hamdu Lillaah)," or similar
words.
Kitaab Majmoo' Fataawa wa Maqaalaat Mutanawwi'ah li Samaahat al-Shaykh
'Abd al-'Azeez ibn 'Abd-Allaah ibn Baaz , vol. 13, p. 17

Brief description of Hajj for oneself and on behalf of another, and the kinds of Hajj

I want to make hajj this year on behalf of my father who has passed
away [i have performed my own hajj a few year ago].
please instruct me how best to do this accordingto the sunnah. in
perticular what differences are there between this type of hajjand one
which you do for yourself.
Praise be to Allaah.
There follows a summaryof what the pilgrim should do according to the
saheeh Sunnah:
1 – The pilgrim should enter ihraam on the eighth day of Dhu'l-Hijjah
from Makkah or its environs within the sanctuary. When entering ihraam
for Hajj he should do what he did when entering ihraam for 'Umrah:
ghusl(full ablution), putting on perfume and praying.He should form
the intention of entering ihraam for Hajj and recite the Talbiyah. The
Talbiyah for Hajj is the same as the Talbiyah for 'Umrah, except that
one should say here "Labbayka hajjan (Here Iam for Hajj)" instead of
"Labbayka 'umratan (Here I am for 'Umrah)." If he fears that some
obstacle may prevent him from completing Hajj, he should stipulate a
condition and say: "If something prevents me (from completing Hajj) I
will exit ihraam at the point where I am prevented (from continuing)."
If he is not afraid of any obstacle then he does not need to stipulate
any condition.
2 – Then he should go to Mina and stay there overnight, and offer
fiveprayers there: Zuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, 'Isha' and Fajr.
3 – When the sun rises on the ninth day he should proceed to 'Arafah
and pray Zuhr and 'Asr together there, shortened, at the time ofZuhr.
Then he should strive in du'aa', dhikr and prayers for forgiveness
until the sunsets.
4 – When the sun sets, heshould proceed to Muzdalifah and pray Maghrib
and 'Isha' there when he arrives. Then he should stay there overnight
until he prays Fajr, and remember Him and call upon Him until just
before sunrise.
5 – Then he should moveon to Mina to stone Jamrat al-'Aqabah whichis
the last pillar that is closest to Makkah, throwing seven pebbles one
after another, each one approximately the size of a date stone, saying
takbeer ("Allaahu akbar") with each throw.
6 – Then he should slaughter the hadiy (sacrificial animal), namely a
sheep or one-seventh of a camel or one-seventh of a cow.
7 – Then he should shavehis head if he is male; women should cut their
hair but not shave it, taking off the length of a fingertip from all
parts of their hair.
8 – Then he should go to Makkah and perform thetawaaf of Hajj.
9 – Then he should go back to Mina and stay there for those nights,
namely the nights of the eleventh and twelfth of Dhu'l-Hijjah, and
stone the three Jamaraat (stone pillars) after the sun has passed its
zenith,throwing seven pebbles,one after another, at each, starting
with the smallest pillar – which is the one that is furthest away from
Makkah, thenthe middle pillar. He should recite du'aa' afterboth, then
he should stone Jamrat al-'Aqabah, after which there is no du'aa'.
10 – When he has finished stoning the pillars on the twelfth of
Dhu'l-Hijjah, if he wisheshe may hasten and leaveMina, and if he
wishes he may delay (his departure) and stay there on the night of
thethirteenth and stone the three Jamaraat after the sun passes its
zenith. It isbetter to delay and stay longer, but it is not obligatory
unless the sunsets on the twelfth and one is still in Mina, in which
case it becomes obligatory to stay until one stones the three jamaraat
after the sun passes its zenith. But if the sun sets on the twelfth
day and a personis still in Mina but not by choice, such as if he had
packed his bags and got into the bus or truck, butwas delayed because
of overcrowding and traffic jams, then he does not have to stay,
because his staying until after sunset was involuntary.
11 – Once those days are over and the pilgrim wants to leave, he must
not leave until he has performed the farewell tawaaf, going around the
Ka'bah seven times. Women who are menstruating or bleeding following
childbirth d o not have to do this farewell tawaaf.
12 – If the pilgrim is performing a voluntary Hajj on behalf of
another person, whether a relative or otherwise, then he has to have
done Hajj for himself before that. There is no difference in the way
he performs Hajj apart from the intention, i.e., he should form the
intention of performing this Hajj on behalf of that person, mentioning
him by name in the Talbiyah and saying, "Labbayk 'an[fulaan] (Here I
am on behalf of [So and so])." Then when he says du'aa' during the
rituals he should pray for himself and for the person on whose behalf
he is performing Hajj.
Secondly:
With regard to the types of Hajj, there are three: tamattu', qiraan and ifraad.
Tamattu' is when the pilgrim enters ihraam for 'Umrah during the
months of Hajj (which are Shawwaal, Dhu'l-Qa'dah and the first ten
days of Dhu'l-Hijjah) and performs 'Umrah and exits ihraam, then he
enters ihraam again for Hajj from Makkah or its environs on the day of
al-Tarwiyah (the eighth day of Dhu'l-Hijjah) in the same year as his
'Umrah.
Qiraan is when the pilgrim enters ihraam for 'Umrah and Hajj together,
and does not exit ihraam until the dayof Sacrifice, or he enters
ihraam for 'Umrah then includes Hajj with it before he starts his
tawaaf.
Ifraad is when the pilgrim enters ihraam for Hajj from the meeqaat or
from Makkah if he resides there or in a place that iscloser than the
meeqaat,and remains in ihraam until the Day of Sacrifice if he has a
hadiy with him. If he does not have a hadiy with him, it is prescribed
for him to cancel his Hajj and make it 'Umrah, so he should perform
tawaaf and saa'i, then cut his hair and exit ihraam, as the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told those who entered
ihraam for Hajj but did not have a hadiy with them to do. This applies
to the pilgrim doing qiraan, if he does not have a hadiywith him; it
is prescribedfor him to cancel his qiraan and make it 'Umrah, for the
reason mentioned.
The best kind of Hajj is tamattu' for the one who has not brought a
hadiy with him, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) told his companions to do that and insisted that they should
do that.
We advise you to learn more about the rulings on Hajj and 'Umrah by
referring to Manaasik al-Hajj wa'l-'Umrah by Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen
(may Allaah have mercy on him), which you can obtain through the
Shaykh's website on the internet.
And Allaah knows best.