Hajj, - Hukm al-Hajj wa’l-‘Umrah (rulings on Hajj and ‘Umrah), Dought & clear, - * The virtue of an accepted Hajj that is mentioned in ahadith is general and is applicable to both obligatory and voluntary Hajj

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The Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) told us in the hadith: “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or commit any evil will go back (free of) sin as on the day his mother bore him”; does this apply only to the obligatory Hajj? Or does it apply also to the one who does Hajj after the obligatory Hajj, i.e., a Sunnah Hajj? Will he also go back (free of sin) as his mother bore him? If his Hajj is accepted, will he have no reward except Paradise, or is that only for the obligatory Hajj?
Praise be to Allah.
There are a number of hadiths that speak of the virtue of Hajj, including the following:
1. The hadith narrated by al-Bukhaari (1521) and Muslim (1350) from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: I heard the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) say: “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or commit any evil will go back (free of) sin as on the day his mother bore him”
2. Al-Bukhaari (1773) and Muslim (1349) narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “…an accepted Hajj brings no reward but Paradise.”
3. At-Tirmidhi (738) and an-Nasaa’i (2631) narrated that ‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ood said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “Make the Hajj and ‘Umrah follow each other closely, for they remove poverty and sins as the bellows removes the dross of iron, gold and silver, and an accepted Hajj brings no less a reward than Paradise.” Classed as hasan by Shaykh al-Albaani inSaheeh Sunan at-Tirmidhi
The virtue mentioned in the hadiths quoted above includes both the obligatory Hajj and the naafil (supererogatory) Hajj, because of the general meaning of the wording.
As the scholars (may Allah have mercy on them) said, the accepted Hajj is that which is not mixed with sin.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: The accepted Hajj is that in which a person does not commit any acts of disobedience towards Allah, as is indicated by the words of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) in the report narrated from him by Abu Hurayrah: “Whoever performs Hajj and does not commit any obscenity or commit any evil will go back (free of) sin as on the day his mother bore him”
End quote fromMajmoo‘ Fatawa Ibn Baaz(16/334)
And Allah knows best.

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Hajj, - Hukm al-Hajj wa’l-‘Umrah (rulings on Hajj and ‘Umrah), Dought & clear, - * She did not complete sa‘i in ‘Umrah of tamattu‘

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I went for Hajj last year, but made some mistakes while performing the Hajj upon arrival. My wudu was nullified during the tawaf and I did not go to redo it, rather I continued with tawaf not knowing that repeating wudu was necessary. As well, during the sa’y (between Safa and Marwah) I did not climb up on Safa, but stpooed at the green line. I got my periods during Hajj, therefore, I did the tawaf on the 6th day of my cycle when I was certain that it would end. However, I was surprised after the tawaf to see some discharge from my vagina.
What shall I do in this instance?
Should I take a bath and repeat the tawaf, keeping in mind that when I saw the discharge, I was still in ihram? Do I need to offer a sacrifice for any on the abovementioned?
Praise be to Allah.
Firstly:
The correct view is that being in a state of wudoo’ (in tawaaf) is Sunnah and is not a condition of tawaaf being valid. For more information, please see the answer to question no. 145246
Secondly:
In order for sa‘i to be valid, it is not essential to climb as-Safa and al-Marwah; rather it is sufficient to cover the distance between them, which nowadays is marked by the ends of the pathway used for wheelchairs.
Thirdly:
If what you mean by the green light is the place in which it is prescribed to run, then your sa‘i is not valid, because you did not complete it. Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):“Verily! As-Safa and Al-Marwah (two mountains in Makkah) are of the Symbols of Allah. So it is not a sin on him who perform Hajj or Umrah (pilgrimage) of the House (the Ka‘bah at Makkah) to perform the going (Tawaf) between them (As-Safa and Al-Marwah)” [al-Baqarah 2:158]. Going between them is done by covering the distance between them.
Based on that, if a person does sa‘i but does not reach the bottom of the two mountains, which nowadays is marked by the ends of the pathway used for wheelchairs, then it is as if he has not done sa‘i at all; he has to go back to Makkah and perform sa‘i, because sa‘i is one of the pillars or essential parts of ‘umrah, without which it is not complete.
But if what you mean by the green line is something other than what we have mentioned, then you have to explain more clearly.
This has to do with the ruling on one who did not complete sa‘i between as-Safa and al-Marwah, and you stated that this happened in ‘umrat al-qudoom (‘umrah before Hajj upon arrival in Makkah); therefore what appears to be the case is that you were doing Hajj tamattu‘ (where the pilgrim enters ihram for ‘umrah then exits ihram until it is time to enter ihram for Hajj), and that this occurred during ‘umrah.
If that is the case, then you do not have to do anything, and your ‘umrah and Hajj are valid, but the type of Hajj turned into qiraan instead of tamattu‘, because you entered ihram for Hajj before finishing the ‘umrah of tamattu‘.
See also the answer to question no. 109267.
Fourthly:
If you were certain that you had become pure following the end of your menses, then any discharge after that does not matter, because of the words of Umm ‘Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her): We used not to regard any yellowish or brownish discharge after becoming pure as being of any significance.
Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 326; Abu Dawood, 307
And Allah knows best.

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For children, - Dua: Supplication and Invocation in Islam, Supplication Meaning, Supplication Definition

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Dua is an Arabic term which means to 'call out' or to 'summon' or to 'invoke' and in the Islamic terminology, it means a humble prayer by a modest person to a superior. Muslims use this term and call out to Allah (SWT), and Muslims regard this as one of the greatest acts of worship in Islam.
Supplication definition and meaning in Islam: Supplication is petitioning Allah (SWT) for fulfillment of ones legitimate desires. It is therefore necessary that the supplicant should be conversant with the meaning of the prayer and the etiquette of reciting the prayer. He must recite the supplication with dedication of heart and his attitude should be equally submissive if not more than what he adopts for asking a favor from a fellow human being.
The Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) has said: "Shall I introduce to you a weapon which will protect you both from the evils of enemies and increase your sustenance? They said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah. The Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) replied: Call your Lord day and night, for "Dua" is the weapon of a believer."
Imam Ali (as) says: "Dua" is the shield of a believer. If you keep on knocking the door of Divine Mercy, it will be opened to you."
Imam Sadiq (as) says: "Dua is more forceful than a sword."
Imam Musa Kazim (as) says: "Dua reverts both what has been destined and what has not been destined."
Supplications in Islam, Supplication Prayer, Supplication in Noble Qur'an and Hadith
And when My servants ask you concerning Me, then surely I am very near; I answer the prayer of the supplicant when he calls on Me, so they should answer My call and believe in Me that they may walk in the right way. Noble Qur'an (2:186)
And your Lord says: "Call on Me; I will answer your (Prayer): but those who are too arrogant to serve Me will surely find themselves in Hell - in humiliation!" Noble Qur'an (40:60)
In this Holy verse, Allah (SWT) considers Dua as prayers, that is to say, if someone speaks to his Lord, he has performed prayer and those who do not pray are considered as unbelievers.
Say: My Lord would not care for you were it not for your prayer; Noble Qur'an (25:77)
Imam Ali (as) says: "Allah (SWT) doesn't answer the prayer of a person whose prayer doesn't come from his heart." Therefore, one should pray from the depths of his heart and should have a conviction that Allah (SWT) will fulfill his wish.
Imam Sadiq (as) says: when a person wants Allah (SWT) to help him in times of difficulty, he must make it a habit to supplicate to Allah (SWT) before any such difficulty arises. He should not present himself to Allah (SWT) as a total stranger when he needs help.
Imam Sadiq (as) says: the creature nearest to Allah (SWT) is one who, while prostrating in prayer, cries and if he has lost hope of his prayer getting answered he should raise his hands towards the Heaven as if importuning Allah (SWT) for granting his wish.
When God grants your prayers ...
Yes, it is wonderful when you pray fervently for something and you get it! It is a very nice feeling to be sure that even if no one else does, there is one being who never fails to listen to you and grants you whatever you want. Wait, there is a catch here. God does give you what you want but very rarely does He give when you want it and in the way you want it.
For instance, highest scores in an examination are got but best friend has got alienated in the process; you get to buy the beautiful dress you were eyeing from many days and find that it doesn't suit you at all but suits your sister perfectly; lot of wealth and fame is earned but when the parents are no longer there or are not capable of accompanying the child to his celebratory parties; the perfect house with the garden gets readied but the children want to go abroad and settle there ... You get the trend.
The Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) has said, 'Desire is the root cause of all evil'. Hence you think 'Let me not desire for anything. I will accept whatever God gives me'. But ... hasn't Allah (SWT) said, 'Call on Me; I will answer your (Prayer)' Doesn't that mean that unless you ask, you won't get anything? As the saying goes, unless the baby cries, the mother doesn't feed it. So should the baby cry or keep quiet? Probably the answer could be that the baby should cry when it feels hungry and keep quiet after it is given something, no matter whether it is milk or water or watery milk.

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Prayer, - Dought & clear, - * Are the five daily prayers mentioned in the Qur’aan?

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The Holy Qur'an, Surah 30: Al Rum 17 "SO (GIVE) GLORY TO ALLAH, WHEN YE REACH EVENTIDE AND WHEN YE RISE IN THE MORNING;" 18 "YEA,TO HIM BE PRAISE, IN THE HEAVENS AND ON EARTH; AND IN THE LATE AFTERNOON AND WHEN THE DAY BEGINS TO DECLINE." These verses only mention four prayers,but yet Muslims pray five times a day (plus Sunnah). Why does it not state the fifth prayer? PS. I'am a practicig Muslim (Inshallah) and I'am in no way trying to prove the Qur'an wrong.
Praise be to Allaah.
In the Tafseer of this aayah, it is reported that Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: “The five daily prayers are (mentioned) in the Qur’aan.” He was asked, “Where?” He said, “Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):‘So glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening’is maghrib and ‘isha’;‘and when you enter the morning’is fajr; ‘in the afternoon’is ‘asr; and‘the time when the day begins to decline’is zuhr.” Other mufassireen, such as al-Dahhaak and Sa’eed ibn Jubayr said the same thing.
Some of the mufassireen said that these aayat mention only four of the prayers; ‘isha’ is not mentioned here, but it is mentioned in Soorat Hood, where Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):“… and in some hours of the night…” [Hood 11:114]
Most of the mufassireen are of the first opinion. Al-Nahhaas (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: “The scholars of Tafseer say that the aayah (interpretation of the meaning):‘So glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening and when you enter the morning…’ [al-Room 30:17]refers to the prayers.”
Imaam al-Jassaas (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: “Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):‘… The prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed times [mawqootan].’ [al-Nisa’ 4:103].It was reported that ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Mas’ood said: ‘[Mawqootanmeans that] Salaah has an appointed time just as Hajj does.’ It was reported that Ibn ‘Abbaas, Mujaahid and ‘Atiyyah said [thatmawqootanmeans] ‘It is obligatory’… The word‘mawqootan’means that it is obligatory at certain times. The times are referred to in general terms in this aayah and are explained elsewhere in the Book, without defining precisely when those times start and end – that was explained in detail by the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). What Allaah mentioned about the times of the prayers in His Book is (interpretation of the meaning):“Perform al-Salaah from mid-day till the darkness of the night and recite the Qur’aan in the early dawn…” [al-Isra’ 17:78].Mujaahid reported from Ibn ‘Abbaas: “’Mid-day’means when the sun has passed its zenith for salaat al-zuhr, and‘the darkness of the night’means the beginning of the night, for salaat al-maghrib.” It was also reported from Ibn ‘Umar that mid-day meant the zenith… Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):“And perform al-salaahat the two ends of the day and in some parts of the night” [Hood 11:114].‘Amr reported from al-Hasan that‘the two ends of the day’means fajr at the first end and zuhr and ‘asr at the other;‘some parts of thenight’means maghrib and ‘isha’. So according to this opinion the aayah refers to all five prayers…. Layth reported from al-Hakam from Abu ‘Ayyaad that Ibn ‘Abbaas said: “This aayah mentions all five prayers together.‘So glorify Allaah when you come up to the evening’ refers to maghrib and ‘isha’, ‘and when you enter the morning’refers to fajr,‘in the afternoon’is ‘asr; and‘the time when the day begins to decline’is zuhr.” Something similar was also reported from al-Hasan.
Abu Razeen reported from Ibn ‘Abbaas: “‘…and glorify the praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before (its) setting’ [Qaaf 50:39 – interpretation of the meaning]refers to the prescribed prayers.‘… and glorify the praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun, and before its setting, and during some of the hours of the night, and at the sides of the day,that you may become pleased with the reward which Allaah shall give you.’ [Ta-Ha 20:130 – interpretation of the meaning]This aayah also includes the times of the prayers. All of these aayaat mention the times of the prayers.”
Ahkaam al-Qur’aanby al-Jassaas,Baab Mawaaqeet al-Salaah.
What you should also know is that the Qur’aan does not contain details of all the rules. The Qur’aan mentions many rules, but it also tells us that the Sunnah is a source of evidence in which many rules are mentioned in detail that are not mentioned in the Qur’aan. Allaah says (interpretation of the meanings):
“… and We have also sent down to you (O Muhammad) the reminder and the advice (the Qur’aan), that you may explain clearly to men what is sent down to them and that they may give thought.” [al-Nahl 16:44]
“… and whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it…” [al-Hashr 59:7]
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I have been given the Qur’aan and something like it with it…” (Reported by Imaam Ahmad, 16546; this is a saheeh hadeeth). Whether the rules were narrated in the Qur’aan or in the Sunnah, all of it is true and right, and all of it has one source, which is the wahy or revelation from the Lord of the Worlds.

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Prayer, - Dought & clear, - * Carryingdirty things whilst praying

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Is it okay to keep things that might be dirty (like handkerchiefs, wallet & car keys) in our pocket while we pray? If not, are we supposed to keep them on the ground in front of us while we pray? Or by the side? Is it okay if it ends up in front of someone else, say in a congregational prayer?
Praise be to Allaah.
Dirty things are of two types: Things that are considered dirty or unclean according to sharee’ah because of najaasah (impurity), such as human urine or faeces, and things that are considered dirty by people, but they are not naajis according to sharee’ah, such as mucus and spittle. It is not permissible to carry the former or have them on one’s person whilst praying or to put them in the mosque; it does not matter if one carries the latter in one's pocket whilst praying. And Allaah knows best.

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Prayer, - Dought & clear, - * Was the adhaan revealed by wahy or was it suggested by asahaabi?

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I think i once read that the adhan (call to prayer)was suggested to our prophet Muhammed ( ) by another muslim after he said he didnt want to use the bells that the christians used or the rams-head(?) that the jews used to call people to prayer. How does the idea of everything the prophet ordered being an inspiration that is inspired fit in with this?
I am not trying to be picky here, but am asking purely to aid my understanding.
Praise be to Allaah.
“Adhaan” in Arabic means conveying; in Islam it means announcing that the time (for prayer) has come. It was prescribed during the time of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in Madeenah. According to the hadeeth of ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Zayd ibn Abd Rabbihi, when the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) decided to use a bell even though he disliked it because it was like what the Christians used, ‘there appeared to me in a dream a man who was wearing two green garments, in whose hand was a bell. I said, “O slave of Allaah, will you sell that bell?” he said, “What will you do with it?” I said, “We will call the people to prayer with it.” He said, “Shall I not show you something better than that?” I said, “Yes.” He said, “Say,Allaahu akbar Allaah akbar… (to the end of the adhaan).” When morning came, I went to the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and told him what I had seen. He said, “This is a true dream, in sha Allaah. Get up with Bilaal and tell him what you have seen, so that he can give the call, because he has a more beautiful voice than you.” So I got up with Bilaal and started telling him what I had seen, and he gave the call to prayer. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab heard that whilst he was in his house, and he came out, dragging his cloak behind him, saying, “By the One Who sent you with the truth, O Messenger of Allaah, I saw the same as he saw.” The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “To Allaah be praise.”’ (Narrated by Ahmad, 1588; al-Tirmidhi, 174; Abu Dawood, 421, 430; Ibn Maajah, 698).
It is clear from this hadeeth:
That the words of the adhaan came in a dream which was seen by a great sahaabi and approved of by our great Prophet. They were not a suggestion as you mentioned, but a dream, and it is known that dreams are one of the seventy parts of Prophethood, because it was stated in a hadeeth narrated by Ibn ‘Umar that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Dreams are one of the seventy parts of Prophethood.” (Narrated by Ahmad, 4449).
Al-Bukhaari narrated a different version: “True dreams are one of the forty-six parts of Prophethood.” (Narrated by al-Bukhaari,, 6474; Muslim, 4203, 42005).
The dream here, which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) described as a true dream, came from Allaah and was not a suggestion from a person. So it was a part of Prophethood because it was approved of by the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and was described by him as a true dream. If the Prophet had not approved of it, it would not have been considered a true dream and it would not have been a part of Prophethood. The one who judged it to be true was the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and the one who commanded them to act upon it was the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), who received revelation (wahy) from his Lord.
‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased with him) had seen a similar dream. Let us not forget that ‘Umar was one of the Rightly-guided khaleefahs (al-khulafaa’ al-raashidoon), of whom the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, “I exhort you to adhere to my sunnah (way) and the sunnah of the rightly-guided khaleefahs. Hold on tight to it with your back teeth.” (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 2600; Ibn Maajah, 43; Ahmad, 16519).
‘Umar’s view frequently coincided with the wahy and divine legislation. ‘Aa’ishah reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to say, “Among the nations who came before you there were people who were muhaddathoon (inspired). If there is anyone like this in my ummah, it is ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab.” (Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 3282; Muslim, 2398). Ibn Wahb said muhaddathoon means inspired.
You may ask, why did the adhaan start in this fashion, being seen in a dream by two sahaabis then being confirmed by the wahy? Why was it not revealed directly? The answer is that Allaah decrees whatever He wills, however He wills, may He be glorified and exalted. Perhaps the way it happened was meant to demonstrate the virtue of these two sahaabis and to confirm the how good this ummah is, because among them are some whose opinions coincide with the wahy and some who had true dreams which confirmed their truthfulness, for the people who have the truest dreams are the truest in speech as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said.
Finally:
The definition of the Sunnah given in the books of the scholars is that it consists of everything that was narrated from the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), everything that he “said, did or approved of.”
What is meant by his words and actions is clear. What he approved of refers to when someone did something in front of him and he approved of it – this is also part of the sharee’ah, not because that person did it, but because the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) approved of it. The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) never kept quiet about falsehood and he never approved of anything false or misguided that was done by others. He would disapprove of it and speak out against it, as he did in the case of the sahaabi Abu Israa’eel, as was narrated by Ibn ‘Abbaas, who said: “Whilst the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was giving a khutbah, he saw a man standing in the sun, and he asked about him. They said, ‘That is Abu Israa’eel. He vowed to stand and not sit down, not to seek shade, not to speak, and to fast.’ He said, ‘Tell him to speak, seek shade and sit down, but let him complete his fast.’” (Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 6326).
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) approved of Abu Israa’eel’s vow to fast, but he cancelled the rest of his vow and did not approve of it.
So it is clear that the adhaan became part of the religion when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) confirmed what Allaah had shown the two sahaabis in their dreams, and commanded ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Zayd to teach it to Bilaal so that he could call the people to prayer. Hopefully the explanation given above will dispel your confusion and make matters clearer to you. We ask Allaah to grant us and you understanding of Islam. And Allaah knows best.

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For children, - Why do we find fault with others?

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Maybe you know the saying, "When you point one finger, there are three fingers pointing back to you." Prophet Jesus (pbuh) had a version of this wisdom when he said, "Don't focus on the speck in your brother's eye while ignoring the log in your own eye." Why do we do this? Because criticisms are always centered around ourselves. When we criticize others, we do not expose them, but expose ourselves. We broadcast our own weakness and smallness.
A story in the Mahabharata illustrates the difference in mentality between the good and the bad. Krishna, met with both Yudhishthira and Duryodhana. Krishna asks Yudhishthira to go out into the kingdom and return after finding someone less qualified than himself. Then he asks Duryodhana also to go out into the kingdom and return after finding someone better than himself.
When wicked Duryodhana returns, he tells Krishna that he couldn't find anyone better than himself. Whereas the saintly Yudhishthira tells that he was unable to find anyone inferior to himself.
Moral of the story is something about human psychology. Good people always look at there own short comings and faults and consider themselves inferiors to others. Where as bad people always look at the short comings and faults of others and consider themselves superiors to others.

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Menstruation and Post-Natal bleeding, - Dought& clear, - * He had intercourse with his wife when she was menstruating and was unaware of the shar’i ruling

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I had intercourse with my wife when she was menstruating and I did not know what the ruling on having intercourse with a menstruating woman was. Please advise us, may Allaah reward you with good.
Praise be to Allaah.
Ignorance of the shar’i ruling is a valid excuse before Allaah, may He be glorified and exalted. Allaah has shown mercy to this ummah and lightened its burden, as He has excused them from sin in cases of ignorance, forgetfulness and compulsion.
It was narrated that Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: When this verse was revealed –“and whether you disclose what is in your own selves or conceal it, Allaah will call you to account for it” [al-Baqarah 2:284]– there entered their hearts something that had never entered them before. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Say: We hear and we obey and we submit.” Then Allaah put faith in their hearts and Allaah revealed the words:“Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. ‘Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error”, Allaah said: I have granted that.“Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians)” Allaah said: I have granted that. “Pardon us and grant us forgiveness. Have mercy on us. You are our Mawlaa (Patron, Supporter and Protector)”Allaah said: I have granted that. [al-Baqarah 2:286] Narrated by Muslim (126).
The scholars have stated that the one who does a haraam deed out of ignorance is not to be blamed.
Al-Nawawi said inSharh Muslim(3/204):
If he forgot or was unaware that there was menses, or he was unaware that it was haraam or he was forced to do it, there is no sin on him and he does not have to offer expiation. But if he had intercourse with her deliberately, knowing that she was menstruating and that it was haraam, and did so willingly, then he has committed a serious act of disobedience which al-Shaafa’i described as a major sin, and he has to repent. End quote.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said inal-Sharhal-Mumti’(1/571):
Expiation is not required of the one who has intercourse with his wife when she is menstruating except when three conditions are met:
1- That he was aware (of the prohibition)
2- That he was aware of what he was doing
3- That he did it willingly.
If he was unaware that it is haraam or that she was menstruating, or he forgot, or the woman was forced, or the menses began during intercourse, then he does not have to offer expiation and there is no sin on him. End quote.
Since you did not know of the prohibition on having intercourse with a menstruating woman, there is no sin on you in sha Allaah, and you do not have to offer expiation.
But what every Muslim must do is strive to understand Islam and learn the rulings, morals and etiquette of sharee’ah, especially those that he needs for matters of worship, the rulings on marriage and buying and selling, and what he needs in his everyday life. He should not wait until he is about to do something and then go and ask or use the excuse of ignorance and lack of knowledge. There is the fear that the one who falls short in seeking essential Islamic knowledge may be sinning. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Seeking knowledge is a duty upon every Muslim.” Narrated by Ibn Maajah (224); classed as saheeh by al-Albaani inSaheeh Ibn Maajah.
And Allaah knows best.

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Menstruation and Post-Natal bleeding, - Dought& clear, - * She becomes dry then the white discharge appears one week later

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My monthly period used to be 6-7 days, and I would know that it had ended when I no longer saw any blood, because the white discharge usually did not come until a week or more later. Are my prayers and fasts acceptable?
My problem now is that my monthly period has become irregular in the last three months. Sometimes it is two days and sometimes it is 3 or 4 days. Now I do not know what I should do. How long should I wait to find out if I have become pure, because the white discharge, as I said, does not come until about a week later? Should I pray and fast? Please note that yesterday in Ramadaan I found some brown threads so I broke my fast. Should I delay ghusl until I see the white discharge, even though that may be a long time? Can I fast only, because it is not permissible to pray? Should I make up these days?.
Praise be to Allaah.
The end of the period (becoming pure) may be known by one of two signs:
(1) Cessation of bleeding, and dryness in the place, so that if a woman inserts a piece of cloth etc, it comes away clean with no trace of blood or yellowish or brownish discharge.
(2) Emission of the white discharge, but some women do not get this discharge.
What you have mentioned about your period usually being six or seven days, and that you become dry after that, is sufficient to rule that you have become pure from menses, and you do not have to wait for the white discharge.
Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: The sign that the menses has ended and the woman has become pure is when the bleeding and yellowish and brownish discharge stop. When that stops the woman becomes pure even if some white discharge comes out after that or not. End quote fromal-Majmoo’(2/562).
Secondly:
If your period comes for two or three or four days, then it stops and the place becomes completely dry, ten you have become pure and you have to fast and pray, and you should not wait for the white discharge.
But if the place is not dry, rather there is some yellowish or brownish discharge, then you should not be hasty; and wait until it becomes completely clean or the white discharge comes. Women used to send pieces of cotton with traces of yellow to ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her), and she would say to them: Do not hasten until you see the white discharge, meaning purification from menses. Narrated by al-Bukhaari in a mu’allaq report.
Thirdly:
What you mention about the brownish threads is not regarded as menses if it appears before or after the usual period. But if it happens in connection with the bleeding, then it is regarded as menses, because of the hadeeth of Umm ‘Atiyyah (may Allaah be pleased with her) who said: We used not to regard brownish or yellowish discharge after purification (the end of menses) as anything that mattered. Narrated by al-Bukhaari (326) and Abu Dawood (307).
No differentiation is made between prayer and fasting with regard to a woman who is menstruating. Hence the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said of women: “Is it not the case that when she is menstruating she does not pray or fast?” Narrated by al-Bukhaari and Muslim.
It is haraam for a menstruating woman to pray and fast, and she has to make up the missed fasts but not the missed prayers. If these brownish threads came after the period ended, they are not of any significance and they do not mean that you should not pray and fast. But if they came before the tuhr (purification, end of the period) then they count as menses and it is haraam for you to pray and fast.
And Allaah knows best.

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Womens Work, - Dought & clear, - * She works for a company that is partly owned by two riba-based banks. Is her work haraam?

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I am single and work for a company that is owned by five different entities, among which are two riba-based banks they are: the Bank of Egypt, which hold 22.5% of the capital and the National Investment Bank, which holds 22.5% of the capital, in addition to a foreign (Chinese) company, which holds 10% of the capital, an Egyptian construction company, which holds 22.5% of the capital; and the Suez Canal Company, which holds 22.5% of the capital.
This company which was formed by the above-mentioned entities owns a piece of land and its role is to put in services such as drainage, electricity and water, then they divide it and sell it to investors, a transaction which is either immediate or in instalments, with annual fixed interest of 7%. Please note that these sales sometimes stop. My job in this company is in the secretarial department (administrative work). I used to spend and save from my salary during the period I worked in the company, which was five years, without knowing that this money might be dubious. These savings are in an Islamic bank. Is my work in this company whose earning are mixed halaal or haraam? What is the ruling on what I saved -- which is a large amount? How should I dispose of it?
Please advise me and save me from my confusion and torment.
Praise be to Allaah.
What seems to be the case is that it is permissible to work in this company so long as the work that you are doing is halaal. With regard to working in companies whose work is permissible, the ruling is different with regard to working in banks and other riba-based institutions. In the bank, the employee is sinning whether he is working as a clerk or witness or even as a guard, because the work is haraam in the first place, unlike if the bank has a share in part of the capital of a company whose work is permissible. In this case it depends on the nature of the company's work; for example, it is permissible to work with Jews, Christians and those who deal with riba, although it is makrooh.
Ibn Qudaamah al-Maqdisi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Ahmad said: A Muslim may enter into a partnership with a Jew or a Christian, but he should not let the Jew or the Christian be in charge of the financial affairs to the exclusion of the Muslim, because they may engage in riba. This is the view of al-Hasan and al-Thawri.
Al-Shaafa’i regarded such partnerships as makrooh in all cases. End quote.
Al-Mughni, 5/109
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Iyaas ibn Mu‘awiyah said: If a Muslim goes into business with a Jew or a Christian, and the money is with the Muslim and he is the one who will do the buying and selling, there is nothing wrong with it, but he should not give it to the Jew or Christian to deal with it, because they deal with riba. End quote.
Ahkaam Ahl al-Dhimmah, 1/93
You will find more details on this issue in the answer to question number 48005, at the beginning of which we said:
If a person earns money in haraam ways such as riba, bribes, stealing and cheating, etc., and his wealth is a combination of halaal and haraam, then it is valid to do business with him, buying and selling and entering into partnerships, but it is makrooh. If it is known that the product in which the trade is to be done is haraam in and of itself, then it is not permissible to enter into a partnership with him or work with him in that business..
Based on that, the money that you are taking from this company (the salary) is halaal, in sha Allah, and there is nothing wrong with what you have spent or saved.
And Allah knows best.

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