Fwd: M. NajimudeeN. Bsc-INDIA, Want to build solid self confidence?

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From: "M.Farouk Radwan" <farouk@2knowmyself.com>
Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2013 19:33:40 -0400
Subject: M. NajimudeeN. Bsc-INDIA, Want to build solid self confidence?
To: "M. NajimudeeN. Bsc-INDIA" <aydnajimudeen@gmail.com>

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Biomimetics: Drawing inspiration from the design in living things

There is instruction for you in cattle. From the contents of their
bellies, from between the dung and blood, We give you pure milk to
drink, easy for drinkers to swallow.(Qur'an, 16:66)
And there is certainly a lesson for you in your livestock. We give you
to drink from what is in their bellies and there are many ways in
which you benefit from them, and some of them you eat; and you are
conveyed on them and on ships as well.(Qur'an, 23:21-22)
Before scientists and research and development experts embark on new
projects, they usually look for models in living things and imitate
their systems and designs. In other words, they see and study the
designs created in nature by Allah and, inspired by these, go on to
develop their own new technologies.
This approach has given birth to biometrics, a new branch of science
that seeks to imitate living things. In recent times, this branch of
science has come to be widely applied in the world of technology. The
use of the word "ibratan," (to learn from, advice, importance,
important thing, or model) in the above verses is most wise in this
regard.
Biomimetics refers to all of the substances, equipment, mechanisms,
and systems that people produce in order to imitate the systems
present in nature. The scientific community currently feels a great
need for the use of such equipment, particularly in the fields of
nanotechnology, robot technology, artificial intelligence, medicine,
and the military.
Biomimicry was first put forward by Janine M. Benyus, a writer and
scientific observer from Montana. This concept was later analysed by
many other people and began to find applications. Some of the comments
made regarding biomimicry are as follows:
The theme of "biomimicry" is that we have much to learn from the
natural world, as model, measure, and mentor. What these researchers
have in common is a reverence for natural designs, and the inspiration
to use them to solve human problems. 1
David Oakey, product strategist for Interface Inc., a company that
uses nature to increasing product quality and productivity, says:
Nature is my mentor for business and design, a model for the way of
life. Nature's system has worked for millions of years … Biomimicry is
a way of learning from nature. 2
Scientists who began to favour this rapidly spreading idea accelerated
their studies by using nature's incomparable and flawless designs as
models. These designs represent models for technological research, for
they provide the maximum productivity for the least amount of
materials and energy, and are self-maintaining, environmentally
friendly, silent, aesthetically attractive, resistant, and
long-lasting. The High Country News newspaper described biomimetics as
"a scientific movement" and made the following comment:
By using natural systems as models, we can create technologies that
are more sustainable than those in use today. 3
Janine M. Benyus, who believed that models in nature should be
imitated, gave the following examples in her book,Biomimicry:
Innovation Inspired by Nature(Perennial: 2002):
• Hummingbirds cross the Gulf of Mexico on less than 3 grams (one
tenth of an ounce) of fuel,
• Dragonflies outmanoeuvre our best helicopters,
• Heating and air-conditioning systems in termite mounds are superior
in terms of equipment and energy consumption to those made by human
beings,
• A bat's high-frequency transmitter is more efficient and sensitive
than our own radar systems,
• Light-emitting algae combine various chemicals to illuminate their bodies,
• Arctic fish and frogs freeze solid and then spring to life, having
protected their organs from ice damage,
• Chameleons and cuttlefish change the pattern of their skin to blend
instantly with their surroundings,
• Bees, turtles, and birds navigate without maps, and
• Whales and penguins dive without scuba gear.
These astonishing mechanisms and designs in nature, of which we have
cited only a few, have the potential to enrich technology in a wide
range of fields. This potential is becoming ever more obvious as our
accumulated knowledge and technological means increase.
All animals possess many features that amaze human beings. Some have
the ideal hydrodynamic shape that allows them to move through water,
and others employ senses that appear very foreign to us. Most of these
are features that researchers have encountered for the first time, or,
rather, that they have only recently discovered. On occasion, it is
necessary to bring together prominent scientists from such fields as
computer technology, mechanical engineering, electronics, mathematics,
physics, chemistry, and biology in order to imitate just one feature
of a living thing.
Scientists are amazed when confronted with the incomparable structures
and systems they are discovering with every passing day, and use that
amazement to inspire themselves to produce new technologies for
humanity's benefit. Realising that the existing perfect systems and
extraordinary techniques applied in nature are far superior to their
own knowledge and intellect, they became aware of these matchless
solutions to existing problems and are now resorting to the designs in
nature to resolve problems that have eluded them for years. As a
result, they will perhaps achieve success in a very short time.
Moreover, by imitating nature, scientists are making very important
gains with regard to time and labour and also to the targeted use of
material resources.
Today we see the developing technology gradually discovering the
miracles of creation and using the extraordinary designs in living
things, as in the case of biomimetics, in the service of humanity.
Benyus has stated that "'Doing it nature's way' has the potential to
change the way we grow food, make materials, harness energy, heal
ourselves, store information, and conduct business." 4The following
are just a few of the many scientific papers to have considered such
subjects:
"Science is Imitating Nature," 5
"Life's Lessons in Design," 6
"Biomimicry: Secrets Hiding in Plain Sight," 7
"Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature," 8
"Biomimicry: Genius That Surrounds Us," 9
"Biomimetics: Creating Materials from Nature's Blueprints," 10and
"Engineers Ask Nature for Design Advice." 11
In the nineteenth century, nature was imitated only in aesthetic
terms. Artists and architects of that time were influenced by nature
and used examples of the structures' external appearances in their
works. Yet the realisation of nature's extraordinary designs and that
these could be used to benefit human beings only began in the
twentieth century with the study of natural mechanisms at the
molecular level. Scientists today are learning from living things, as
revealed in the Qur'an 1,400 years ago.

The army-ant in technology

Then, when they reached the Valley of the Ants, an ant said: "Ants!
Enter your dwellings, so that Sulayman and his troops do not crush you
unwittingly." (Qur'an, 27:18)
The "Valley of the Ants" refers to a special place and special ants.
In addition, the fact that Prophet Sulayman (as) could hear the ants
talking among themselves may contain striking references to future
developments in computer technology. The present-day term "Silicon
Valley" refers to the centre of the world of technology. It is most
significant that a "valley of the ants" appears in the account of
Prophet Sulayman's (as) life. Allah may be drawing our attention to
the advanced technology of the future.
Furthermore, ants and other insect species are widely used in advanced
technology as models in robot projects and are intended to serve in a
wide range of areas, from the defence industry to technology. The
verse may also be referring to these developments.
Latest Developments in Miniature Technology: Army-Ant Robots
The best known project using ants as a model are the "Army-Ant Robot"
projects being carried out independently in several countries. One
study being carried out by the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and
Virginia State University seeks to develop small, inexpensive, and
simple physically identical robots that can be used as a robot army.
Project officials explain these robots' functionality in the following
terms: "The way they behave as a group, in a coordinated manner,
perform a series of physical actions, and take joint decisions." These
robot armies' mechanical and electrical designs have been based on the
behaviour of an ant community. They are called the "army-ant" robots
because of their similarities to their insect counterparts.
The "army-ant" robot system was originally designed as a
"material-carrying system." According to this scenario, several small
robots would be charged with jointly lifting and carrying objects. It
was later decided that they could be used for other tasks. One report
describes other tasks to which they might be assigned in the future:
Nuclear and hazardous waste cleanup with robotic "swarms," mining
(including material removal and search-and-rescue), mine sweeping
(both land and water), surveillance and sentry, planetary surface
exploration and excavation. 1
In a report by Israel A. Wagner, an expert on ant robot technology,
the ant robot projects were described in these terms:
Ant-robots are simple physical or virtual creatures designed to
cooperate in order to achieve a common goal. They are assumed to have
very limited resources of energy, sensing and computing, and to
communicate via traces left in the workspace or on the ground, like
many insects naturally do…
The distribution of work among multiple a(ge)nts can be made by either
a central controller who sends orders to the agents, or by an a-priori
agreement on a certain partitioning that, if obeyed by the agents,
eventually leads to a completion of the given mission. A third way,
used throughout the current work, is to design the behavior of
individuals such that cooperation will naturally emerge in the course
of their work, without making a-priori decisions on the structure of
the cooperation. The specific application that we address is covering,
which is also known as exploring or searching. This variety of names
hints to the many applications this problem might have: from cleaning
the floor of a house to mapping an unknown planet or demining a mine
field. 2
As can be seen in these examples, an ant's social lifestyle forms the
basis of many projects, and the various ant-based robot technologies
are providing benefits for human beings. That is why it is so
important that ants and their valley are referred to in the Qur'anic
account of Prophet Sulayman's (as) life. The term "ants" in the verse
may refer to an army consisting of robots, future developments in
robot technology, and how robots will play an important role in human
life. For example, they may perform many arduous tasks and thus make
people's lives more comfortable. (Allah knows best.)

The maternal compassion and the example of the self-sacrifice in the octopus

In the cold waters of the Pacific Ocean, the giant octopus – their
length exceeds four metres- live. The octopus searches for a
shelter in order to be safe and when they find the shelter they
live there until the end of their lives.
This shelter is a place where the octopus will give birth to the
baby octopi safely. As soon as the mother octopus settles down, it
starts to lay eggs. After giving birth to about 100,000 baby octopi
, it won't breed again.
The mother octopus takes care of its babies with great
self-devotion during six months. In order to keep the babies alive
the nest should be moist. To do this, the octopus checks the eggs
frequently. To cater to the oxygen of the eggs, the octopus splashes
water continuously on the eggs.
The mother octopus is so busy taking care of the eggs that it
doesn't spend time on eating anything. Although it could easily
die from starvation, it endeavors without stopping to take care of
its eggs until they hatch safely and easily until it breaths its
last.
In the end, young and fully-formed babies hatch from the eggs...
However, the mother octopus which is a caretaker, compassionate and
merciful is dead.
Of course, He is Allah Who creates the octopus with compassion, mercy
and devotion, and He has the infinite mercy and compassion, as He
is the Creator and maintainer of all living things. Allah is most
Benefcent, the most Merciful.