Al-Baatiniyyah: Their Principles and Beliefs-III

Examples of the deviated interpretations of Al-Baatiniyyah
It has previously been mentionedthat the belief of Al-Baatiniyyah
isbased on the distortion of the apparent meanings of the Quran and
Sunnah (Prophetic tradition) to other esoteric meanings. Amongst such
naïve distortions istheir claim that fornication does not mean the
illicit insertion of the male organ into the woman'svagina; rather, it
means putting the sperm of the hidden knowledge into the soul that has
not yet adopted their faith. Accordingly, they see no harm in
fornication.
They also claim that purification does not mean performing Wudhoo'
(ablution), but it meansrenouncing and purifying oneself from any
belief other than giving pledge to the Imaam. Moreover, they claim
that fasting does not mean abstaining from all that can break fasting
in a specific period, but it means abstaining from unveiling the
secret. As for Tawaaf (circumambulation) around the Sacred House seven
times, they said it means circumambulation around Muhammad and the
rest of the seven Imaams. They interpretthe five prayers as
indications to the four pillars and the Imaam. Consequently, there is
no need for performing those prayers thatMuslims perform.
Amongst the examples of their interpretations of the miracles of the
prophets are that they interpret the flood of Nooh (Nuh) as the flood
of knowledge that drowned those who adhere to the outer, exoteric
meaning ofthe Quran and Sunnah. As for the fire into which Ibraaheem
(Abraham) was thrown, it is just the anger of the Nimrod and not a
real fire. They also claimed that the Jinn of Sulaymaan (Solomon) were
in fact the Baatiniyyah of that age, and that the devils are
Ath-Dhaahiriyyah (i.e. those who oppose Al-Baatiniyyah), those to whom
the hard works are commissioned, and the like of their hallucinations
that make everyone laugh at them due to their naivety and foolishness.
Examples of the atrocities of Al-Baatiniyyah
If the discussion of the beliefs of Al-Baatiniyyah clarifies the
hiddenthoughts of that group, their practices against Muslims, when
they feel powerful, clearly show the hatred they harbor in their heart
towards Muslims. The following lines are just a reminder; the history
of Muslims with the Baatiniyyah is a bloody one. We will not list all
of their atrocities against Muslims, as a few will suffice.
The most notorious and atrocious incident that afflicted Muslims in
their most sacred places and during their best days at the hands of
Al-Baatiniyyah and at the hands of the worst and most wicked man was
what Al-Haafidh Ibn Katheer mentioned in his book Al-Bidaayah
wan-Nihaayah,
"In 317 A.H., a caravan of Iraqi pilgrims set out to Makkah under the
leadership of Mansoor Ad-Daylami. They arrived peacefully. Many other
caravans arrived from everywhere. All of a sudden, they were attacked
by the Qaramati and his group on the day of At-Tarwiyyah (8th of
Thul-Hijjah). He plundered their money and killed them. He massacred
pilgrims in the streetsand paths of Makkah, in Al-Masjid Al-Haraam and
even in the Ka'bahitself. Then their leader Abu Taahir, may Allaah
curse him, sat before the doors of the Ka'bah and said while the
people were being killed around him, 'I am forAllaah and with Allaah.
I am, I am, I give life to people and inflict death upon them.'
"People were running away from them and seeking protection in the
cloth that covers the Ka'bah but to no avail. They were killed while
they were in that state and while they were performing Tawaaf. When
Al-Qarmati, may Allaah curse him, finished his mission and committed
atrocitiesagainst the pilgrims, he ordered that the dead bodies be
buried inthe well of Zamzam, while many of them were buried in their
places in Al-Haram. They were neither washed nor shrouded, nor was the
funeral prayer offered for them because they were martyrs and also in
the state of Ihraam. He destroyed thedome of the well of Zamzam,
ordered that the Ka'bah be eradicated and its Kiswah (covers) to be
taken off. He and his followers tore the Kiswah. He also ordered a man
to mount theKa'bah and remove its Meezaab (drain pipe of the Ka'bah's
roof) but that man fell on his head anddied to enter the Hellfire.
"At that point, he left the Meezaab and ordered that the black stone
be removed from its place. A man came to it and hit it with heavy
metal in his hand and said, 'Where are the successive groups of birds,
where are the hard and solid stones?' (This is in reference to the way
Abrahah, who had tried to attack the Ka'bah earlier in history,
perished) and removed it from itsplace and carried it to their
country. It remained in their possession for 22 years until they
returned it in 339 A.H. Indeed we belong to Allaah, and indeed to Him
we will return." - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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Al-Baatiniyyah: Their Principles and Beliefs-II

The beliefs of Al-Baatiniyyah
The beliefs of Al-Baatiniyyah are hidden as their name indicates.
However, their doctrine and beliefs became known, although they were
very keen on hiding them, via those who embraced Islam from them.
However, they deny such beliefs. They show the adherents of other
faiths what they (the people of those faiths) like and favor. Thus, if
they meet Christians, they show that they believe in the Trinity and
assure them of the divinity of 'Eesa (Jesus) . If they meet Jews, they
show their hatred for Muslims and Christians. If they meet an ascetic
person, they show asceticism and aversion to the world and its people.
In fact, they disguise themselves in the beliefs of every group they
live among until people have trust in them. When this point is
reached,they start spreading their malicious allegations among them
and invite them to adopt their beliefs and disclose to themtheir
doctrines, after taking all measures to ensure that they willnever
renounce their belief.
Their Beliefs
1. Claiming that there are two eternal gods who have existed since
time immemorial and that their existence has no beginning. However,
one of them is the cause of the existence of the other. The cause (the
god who assumed creation) is the first godand the effect (the created
god) is the latter. The first is the creator with the help of the
latter, not independently by himself. Such belief was taken from
disbelieving groups such as the Dualists and the Magians, who believe
that there are two gods: the god of light and the god of darkness.
They (Al-Baatiniyyah) only changed their names.
2. They believe that the Prophet is an ordinary person upon whom a
sacred power was sent down by the first (god) through the help of the
latter (god).
3. They believe that the Quran is just an expression of the Prophet
about the knowledge sent down to him and that calling it 'the Speech
of Allaah' is only a figure of speech.
4. They also believe that every ageshould have an infallible Imaam who
supports the truth, interprets phenomena, and clarifies the ambiguity
of the Noble Quran, Prophetic narrations and matters related toreason.
They all agreed that the Imaam is exactly like the Prophet in relation
to infallibility and knowing the facts of every matter; however, he
receives no revelation. But he obtains such knowledge from the Prophet
because he is his successor and has the same status. They believethat
every age has to have its Imaam.
5. Furthermore, they believe that every prophetic Sharee'ah has a
specific period. When it ends, Allaah The Almighty sends another
prophet to abrogate the Sharee'ah of the previous prophet. Every
Sharee'ah lasts for seven centuries. So they claim that the Sharee'ah
of the Prophet was abrogated by the comingof the seventh Imaam Ja'far
ibn Muhammad.
6. Al-Baatiniyyah agree upon denying the Day of Resurrection and that
the witnessed system ofthe worldly life such as the alternation of day
and night, reproduction of human beings from sperm, reproduction of
plants, and reproduction of animals cannot be destroyed by time. They
also believe that the heavens and the earth cannot be destroyed. They
said about the Day of Resurrection that it symbolizes the appearance
of theImaam and the beginning of a new phase of life by the appearance
of the seventh Imaam who will abrogate the previous Sharee'ahs and who
willchange everything.
7. They deny the existence of Paradise and Hellfire. They also claimed
that the meaning of 'the appointed return' is that everything will
return to its original state, and that man is composed of two
entities: spiritual and material. The material entity will be
dissolved to what it was composed of and return to its original state.
That isthe appointed return of the body.As for that of the soul, if it
is righteous – according to them – it will unite after leaving the
bodywith the spiritual world from which it has separated before and
that will achieve happiness for it. However, the evil one will remain
eternally in the material world, transfer from one body to another and
thus it will suffer from pains and illnesses forever. Whenever it
leaves a body, another body will receive it. This, in fact, is the
essential part of thebelief of Brahmanic Hinduism.
8. They also believe in absolute permissiveness and renouncing all
obligations of religion. They believe that such obligations are like
the chains and burdens from which they have been released because of
following the infallibleImaam.
9. Some of them believe in the divinity of 'Ali ibn Abi Taalib . They
claim that he appeared in a human form to put his creation at ease.
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Al-Baatiniyyah: Their Principles and Beliefs-I

Al-Baghdaadi said in Al-Farq bayn Al-Firaq, "You, may Allaah please
you, should know that theeffect of Al-Baatiniyyah is more adverse and
harmful on all Muslim groups than that of the Jews, Christians and
Magians. Rather, it is more destructive than Ad-Dahriyyah and all the
other sects of disbelievers." Al-Baatiniyyah is not an Islamic sect or
an Islamic school of thought. Rather, it is a methodology, with which
its founders aim to undermine the religion of Islam and invalidate its
beliefs and the Sharee'ah (Islamic law), as Imaam Al-Ghazaali
mentioned in his book Fadhaa'ih Al-Baatiniyyah.
The Emergence of Al-Baatiniyyah
Researchers hold different opinions regarding the time of the birth of
Al-Baatiniyyah. However, it is a justifiable difference, because the
principlesof their sect dictate hiding their beliefs and ideas. They
take promises and oaths from those who adopt their belief not to
disclose any part of it. They regard that principle as one of the
basics of their religion and itspillars that should be maintained and
not to be breached. The viewof Imaam As-Suyooti is that the first
appearance of Al-Baatiniyyah was in 92 A.H. Some others believe that
their appearance was in 205 A.H. while others say that it was 250 A.H.
There are some who believe that it appeared in 276 A.H., when their
leader Maymoon Al-Qaddaahfounded the sect.
The names of Al-Baatiniyyah
The names of Al-Baatiniyyah represent the descriptions of their
characteristics and there is a specific reason behind every name.
Amongst their names are:
1. Al-Baatiniyyah (the Esoterics):
They were named so for they claimed that there is an inner, esoteric
level of meaning of the Noble Quran and the Hadeeths (narrations) of
the Prophet in addition to the outer, exoteric level of meaning like
the core andthe skin of everything. Such inner esoteric meanings act
as symbolsand indications to specific facts and the mind that cannot
probe such secrets and inner meanings will be afflicted by 'burdens
and shackles' which mean, according to them, the religious
obligationsfrom which only the one who realizes the inner esoteric
meanings will be released.
2. Al-Qaraamitah (Qarmatians):
They were given this name after aman called Hamdaan Qarmat. He was one
of their callers and leaders, so his followers were named after him
Qaraamitah and Qarmatiyyah.
3. Al-Khurramiyyah:
They were given this name from the root word 'Khurram' which isa
non-Arabic word that means 'a good thing, which makes one feel happy
and excited whenever he sees it'. This title indicates the essence and
the core of their doctrine. It suggests transgressing the obligations,
easing the burdens of the rulings of religion for the worshipers,
giving the green light for people to follow different kinds of
pleasures and follow their desiresand lusts, enjoying all that is
allowed and forbidden. Perhaps they were named as such because of the
reasons that will be mentioned later while discussing the title of
"Al-Baabakiyyah".
4. Al-Baabakiyyah:
They were thus named after one of their leaders and tyrants, whose
name was Baabak Al-Khurrami. He appeared in 201 A.H. in Azerbaijan. He
was an atheist who fought the Muslim armies and defeated them. Thus,
he became wicked and tyrannical,spreading great fear among the people.
He ruled for twenty years causing mischief on the earth and killing an
estimated 255, 500 people. Whenever he heard that someone had an
attractive daughter or sister, he asked him for her. If she was not
sent to him, he would take her by force. He brutally routed the Muslim
armies, destroying and scatteringthem.
Then Allaah The Almighty decreedhis total destruction. Caliph
Al-Mu'tasim Billaah sent his armies to fight him and they defeated him
and his followers. They arrested Baabak and crucified him. Thus, his
followers dispersed and scattered everywhere. Historians mention that
there is still a group of Al-Baabakiyyah and they have a night in
which they all gather with their men and women and extinguish their
lights and candles. Then every man jumps on a woman to amuse himself.
They claim that whoever capturesa woman then she is lawful for him by
hunting.
5. Ismaa'eeliyyah:
They were given this name after Ismaa'eel Al-A'araj (the Lame), the
son of Ja'far As-Saadiq, who they claimed was their Imaam. They also
believe that he is the last heir of the imamate because he was the
seventh Imaam after Muhammad .
.
6. Al-Muhammirah:
They were named so because they dyed their clothes red (In Arabic,
'Ahmar' means red) during the time of Baabak Al-Khurrami. They wore
red clothes and it became their symbol. It was also said that theywere
named thus because they claimed that all other groups that do not
agree with them and the people of truth are Hameer (donkeys).
7. At-Ta'leemiyyah:
They were named so because their belief is based on invalidating
reasoning and ignoring the action of the mind and calling all creation
to learn from the infallible Imaam and that it is impossible for
anyone toattain knowledge except throughhim. - - ▓███▓
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Sacrifices, - Does offering the fidyah make up for mistakes a person makes during Hajj? .

Some pilgrims performing Hajj and 'Umrah are negligent concerning the
things they are obliged to do. They pass the meeqaats without entering
ihraam, for example, or they omit some of the obligatory duties,
relying on the fact that they are going to offer asacrifice which will
make up for their shortcomings. What is the ruling on that?.
Praise be to Allaah.
We have already discussed, in question no. 36522 that the reason for
most of the mistakes that pilgrims make during Hajj and 'Umrah is
their ignorance of what is required of them. But what you have
mentioned in this question, that some people deliberately commit
forbidden acts or are negligent with regard to what is enjoined on
them, relying on the idea that the fidyah will make up for those
shortcomings, is true ignorance, even ifthe person who does this
thinks that he is aware of the consequences of his actions. No one
would dare to transgress the limits of Allaah except anignorant
evildoer. Allaahsays (interpretation of the meaning):
"These are the limits ordained by Allaah, so do not transgress them.
And whoever transgresses the limits ordained by Allaah, then such are
the Zaalimoon (wrongdoers"
[al-Baqarah 2:229]
No one would dare to transgress the sacred limits of Allaah except one
who does not truly honour the Symbols of Allaah. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
"Thus it is and whosoever honours the Symbols of Allaah, then itis
truly, from the piety ofthe hearts"
[al-Hajj 22:32]
For this reason the companions of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to say: Every sin that a person
commits is due to his ignorance. And Mujaahid said: Everyone who
disobeys his Lord is ignorant until he gives up his sin. (Tafseer
al-Tabari, 8/89).
In addition to ignorance of what is required of a person, namely
honouring the Symbols of Allaah and adhering to His limits and not
transgressing them, knowledge should be sought in order to act upon
it, not to try to findways to avoid doing thatwhich Allaah has
enjoined and transgress the sacred limits of Allaah. Where do these
people stand in the light of the words of the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him): "Whoever does Hajj for the sake of
Allaah, and does not utter any obscenity or commit any immoral action,
will go back (sinless) as on the day his mother bore him"?
(al-Bukhaari, 1521; Muslim, 1350). Ibn Hajar said: "or commit any
immoral action" means that he does not do any evil deed or sin.
And the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
"From one 'umrah to thenext is an expiation for whatever (sins) come
in between, and an accepted Hajj (Hajj mabroor) brings no less a
reward than Paradise."(al-Bukhaari, 1773; Muslim, 1349.
Ibn Hajar said: Mabroor means accepted. Others said that it means that
with which no sin is mixed; al-Nawawi regarded this as being more
correct. Al-Qurtubi said: the interpretations that have been suggested
are close in meaning, which is that itis the Hajj that is in
accordance with the rulings and fulfills all therequirements in the
most complete manner. And Allaah knows best.
But here there is some confusion. Perhaps this is the reason why some
people do this, i.e., they think that a person has the choice between
either doing what is obligatory and avoiding what is forbidden, or
offering the required fidyah which is either fasting, giving charity
oroffering a sacrifice. Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen said, after mentioning
some of the things that are forbidden and the fidyah required for
them:
What we have said here applies to what is required of the one whodoes
this. But this does not mean that the matter is easy or lenient in the
sense that if he wishes he may do this thing then offer the expiation
and make it up, and if he wishes he may not do it. Rather thematter is
more difficult than that, indeed it is a very serious matter, when one
dares to transgress the limits of Allaah. Allaah says (interpretation
of the meaning):
"So whosoever intends to perform Hajj therein (by assuming Ihraam),
then he should not have sexual relations (with hiswife), nor commit
sin, nor dispute unjustly during the Hajj"
[al-Baqarah 2:197]
I would like to take this opportunity to draw attention to a matter in
which some people think that they have the option of not doing what is
obligatory and offering the fidyah instead.
Some people think that when the scholars said that for not doing an
obligatory duty (of Hajj) a sacrifice must be offered, that this gives
them the choice between doing that obligatory action or of offering
this sacrifice and distributing its meatto the poor.
For example, some people think: "When the day of Eid comes, I will do
tawaaf and saa'i, then go home. But I should still stay overnight in
Mina and stone the Jamaraat – which are two of the obligatory actions
of Hajj – so I will offer fidyah for both of them by sacrificing a
sheep…" but this is not the way it is. If it so happens that a person
does that, then the fidyah is an expiation for him, but hemust repent
and seek forgiveness too.
Al-Fataawa 22/168-169. - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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