Policies applied to Jews and Christians in the time of our Prophet (saas) and thefour caliphs

- ●◄ ►● - Published by, M NajimudeeN Bsc - INDIA|®|- - - - *
- Translator:: http://translate.google.com/m/ - ●◄ ►● - > 1.
Statements by Syrian Christians in the document known as the Umar
Agreement in history presented to Abu Ubayda:
[We imposed these terms on ourselves:]… not to withhold our churches
from Muslims stopping there by night or day; to open their doors to
the traveler andwayfarer; … to entertain every Muslim traveler in our
customary style and feed him… We will not abuse a Muslim, and he who
strikes a Muslim hasforfeited his rights.
(Majid Khadduri, War and Peace in the Law of Islam (Baltimore: The
Johns Hopkins Press, 1955), 193-94.)
2. When Hazrat Umar (ra) captured Jerusalem in person in 637 he
issued a decree to the people of the city and announced that the
places of worship of the People of the Book would not be touched.
3. Hazrat Umar's (ra) promise to the Medina Christians contains the
principle that "None from the Christian faith shall be forced to
become Muslims against their will."
4. The article concerning dhimmis in the treaty between Christians and
Muslims in the time of Hazrat Umar (ra) is very important.
"If one of them becomes weak or old or suffers from sickness or
becomes poor when once he was rich, he andhis family will receive
assistance from the public purse for so long as they are in Islamic
territories."
5. Hazrat Umar's (ra) statement in the pre-agreement with the people
of Sham (Damascus):
Do not take the lands bestowed by Allah away from people and impose
the jizye [capitation tax] according to people's ability to pay, as
set out in the Book of Allah. Do not ask for more if the jizye is paid
by them... If we share the lands among ourselves, nothing will remain
for their children. If the lands are left to their true owners, then
Muslims can live on whatthey produce. You may impose the jizye on
them, but you can never take them captive. You may commit no injustice
that will offend or harm them, and you may not take away their
propertyof you have no right to it. You must fulfill the
responsibilities you haveaccepted in their agreements with us. (Majid
Khoduri, Islam in War and Peace , Fener Press, Istanbul, 1998, p. 216)
6. Guarantees were given to the Christians living in the city of
Tiberias, captured by peaceful means, in the time of Hazrat Abu Bakr
(ra) that their churches would not be touched.
7. During the capture of the Armenian city of Dabil (Dvin),
Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians were given assurances and
guaranteed the protection of all their places of worship. Moreover, he
never withheld permission to restore damaged churches and build new
monasteries. For instance, the St. Sergius monastery outside of Medina
was destroyed by Patriarch Mar Amme, but rebuilt during HazratUthman's
(ra) reign.
8. For instance, the St. Sergius monastery outside of Medain was
destroyed by Patriarch Mar Amme, but rebuilt during Hazrat Uthman's
(ra) reign.
9. The capitulation guarantee agreed by Hudhaifa ibn Al-Yaman (ra)
with the people of Mah Dinar said "this guarantee is given for their
lives, goods and lands. They cannot be forced to change faith, and the
Shariah shall notenter among them."
10. Uqba, the governor of Egypt, contributed to a Nestorian monastery.
11. During the reign of Mu'awiyya, the church ofUrfa and the Saint
Marcos Church was built in Alexandria.
12. The Sinai Monastery with a mosque right next door is an important
pilgrimage center on Mount Sinai and a symbol of Muslim acceptance.
13. A letter by the Nestorian Patriarch Isho'yab III:
They [Abbasids] have notattacked the Christian religion, but rather
they have commended our faith, honored our priests... and conferred
benefits on churches and monasteries.
(Fred Aprim, "The A to Z of the ancient Chaldeans and their relation
to modern Chaldeans;" http://www.atour.org/news15_1.htm)
14. When non-Muslims could not pay their taxes, they were supported
by public funds, which were an important aspect of statesupport.
15. The agreements between our Prophet (saas) and various non-Muslim
groups particularly stressed that their lives and goods were
guaranteed. (The treaty with the people ofJuhayni, Hamidullah,
Document no.151)
16. The treaty issued by the Prophet (saas) guaranteeing the
Christians of Najran theirtemples, put their places of worship under
guarantee by saying the temples of the people of Najran are under the
protection of Allah and the responsibility of His Prophet, Muhammad
(saas). (Ibn Sa'd, I, 288, 357-58)
17. According to the account in Abu Dawud, the treaty contains the
term churches will not be destroyed. (Abu Dawud, Haraç, 29-30)
18. The guarantee regarding places of worship was repeated inthe
capitulation document sent by our Prophet (saas) to clerics of Bani
Haris b. Kab of Najran. (Ibn Sa'd, I, 266)
19. The Jews of Haybar once came to the Prophet (saas) and said that
their goods had been taken away by certain Muslims without permission.
At this, the Prophet (saas) summoned the Muslims to the mosque and
told them it was unlawful to touch the goods of thosewith whom a
treaty had been signed and that what they had done waswrong. (Musnad,
IV, 89; Vakıdi, II, 691; Serahsi, Siyer, I, 133, IV, 1530)
20. According to some hearsay, our Prophet (may God bless him and
grant him peace) attended their weddings, visited their sick, and was
generous to them. Prophet Mohammed (may God bless him and grant him
peace) even spread out his cloak so that the Christians of Najran who
came to visit him could sit on it.
21. When the representatives of the Christians of Najran came to
Madina, the Prophet (saas) and his companions performed the afternoon
prayer. Since their time for prayer had also come, they entered the
mosque and headed toward east and Rasulullah (saas) permitted them to
perform their own religious observances. (Ibn Hişam, I, 574; Ibn Sa'd,
I, 357)
22. Article 17 of the Medina City State Treaty:"Those of the Jews
who join us will be assisted and well-treated. They will suffer no
injustice and their enemies will not be helped."
23. Article 25: *The Jews of the B'nai Awf and believers are a single
united Ummah. They willlive by their own faith and Muslims by theirs
".
24. Article 36: "There will be mutual aid, counsel and goodness
between Muslims and Jews " (Ibn Kesir, es-Sire, II/322; Hamidullah,
el-Vesaik, p.44-45; Cohabitation in Eastern and Western Sources,
p.285)
25. According to reports from different accounts narrated from Tabari
and Zaemakhshari, therewas a Christian living in Mecca who was an
ironsmith, who knew the Torah and the Gospelvery well, and who, the
Prophet (saas) would personally meet and converse with . (et-Tabari;
Cohabitation in Eastern and Western Sources, p.306)
26. A letter sent by our Prophet (saas) to the Christians of Najran
said;" ... No matter what happens, no matter howmuch they own, be it
much or little, their churches and monasteries belong to them. They
are the responsibility of Allah and His Messenger. No bishop will be
removed from where he is servingas bishop and sent elsewhere, nor any
monk from his monastery or any priest from his own church. No change
will be made to their rights, laws or customs. So long as they behave
with honesty and abide by the responsibilities laid upon them, the
protection of Allah and His Messenger will be upon them. They will
suffer no oppression, and they will oppress nobody."

A 155-million-year-old squid

- ●◄ ►● - Published by, M NajimudeeN Bsc - INDIA|®|- - - - *
- Translator:: http://translate.google.com/m/ - ●◄ ►● - > In
the fossil record, thereis not even one example of a living being to
evolve from a different species through slight changes. All the
fossil specimens people have found show that every being was created
with its own specific characteristics. And they have never undergone
any changes as long as they lived. One of the proofs that shows this
fact is this 155-million-year-old squid fossil.
Haberturk, 20 August 2009
A 155-million-year-old squid fossil, which was found in Wiltshire,
England during excavation baffled the researchers. In course of
excavation, the palaeontologists who uncovered an ordinary-looking
stone, encountered an ink sac of a squid undamaged for millions of
years. The researchers, which removed calcareous partof it, succeeded
in making it a writable ink,with ammonia solution.

Secrets intended for believers alone are hidden in the Qur’an

--
"Published by, M NajimudeeN Bsc - INDIA|®|"- - - - *-Translator:->
http://translate.google.com/m/ -
-
-

When we read the Qur'an we see that the most fundamental matters that
Muslims have toknow and understand are set out quite explicitly. Allah
describes His creation in the Qur'an. He describes satan,reveals what
is lawful and unlawful and tells usof the lives of the prophets. It is
revealed how the life of this world is a test and how our true homes
are in the Hereafter. Paradise and Hell are described inthe Qur'an and
people are warned against the torments in the latter.
In addition to all these basic issues, the Qur'an also contains
special signs that Allah has deliberately concealed in it for
believers. Through these signs, ourLord tells believers how they
should behave toward deniers, the best way of preaching the word and
what they must do if the moral values of the Qur'an are to rule the
world. These signs are only, of course,comprehensible to thoseservants
who can look atthe Qur'an with the eyes of the heart and good
conscience, who can grasp the radiance and message of the Qur'an, and
with whom Allah is well pleased. This is just one of the hundreds of
miracles of the Qur'an.
Our Almighty Lord Makes Science Obligatory for Believers in the Qur'an
The presence in the Qur'an of scientific and mathematical miracles is
itself a miracle that confirms the sublime nature of the Qur'an, its
miraculous aspect and the fact that it is a divinescripture. But in
additionto that specific miracle, when we look at the verses of the
Qur'an we see that Allah makes science obligatory for believers. Allah
advises believers to reflect on the extraordinary creation they
witness and to learn the knowledge of the creation of the Earth
andsky. In Surah Al 'Imran our Lord says:
Those who remember Allah, standing, sitting and lying on their sides,
and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the Earth: "Our
Lord,You have not created this for nothing. Glory beto You! So
safeguard us from the punishment of the Fire." (Surah Al 'Imran, 191)
Scientific development and progress proves the sublime and
extraordinary nature of Allah's creation in the most perfect way. The
more that people of good conscience possessed of this knowledge deepen
in science, the more amazed they are by Allah's sublime artistry. Just
a single cell, the glorious DNA within a single cell or a single
protein is enough to see the power and might of Allah. Almighty Allah
is powerful enough to create worlds within worlds, to create all
things from nothing, and gloriously shows His sublime omniscience by
creating atoms in tiny specks of space and making atoms, which
themselves consist of 99% empty space, the natural causes of matter
itself. Almighty Allah is powerful enough to bring the Earth and sky
into being through a single explosion, out of nothing, out of
emptiness. Almighty Allah reveals this sublimecreation, the Big Bang
miracle in other words, in this verse:
As for heaven – We built it with great power and gave it its vast
expanse. (Surat adh-Dhariyat, 47)
Almighty Allah has made science essential for Muslims in order for
them to comprehend and see His matchless artistry and the glories in
the entities He creates. Those who deepen in science with the
knowledge of the Qur'an will also growin faith since they will witness
His omniscience. Allah tells us in another verse:
But those of them who are firmly rooted in knowledge, and the
believers, believe in what has been sent down to you and what was sent
down before you: those who establishprayer and pay alms, and believe
in Allah and the Last Day – We will pay such people an immense wage.
(Surat an-Nisa', 162)
For that reason, Allah advises true Muslims to learn and research the
scientific facts and to become aware of what is all around them:
Have they not looked at the sky above them: howWe structured it and
made it beautiful and how there are no fissures in it? And the
Earth: how We stretched it out and cast firmly embedded mountains onto
it and caused luxuriant plants of every kind to grow in it, an
instruction and a reminder for every penitent human being. (Surah Qaf,
6-8)
Have they not looked at the camel – how it was created? And at the sky
–how it was raised up? And at the mountains – how they were embedded?
And at the Earth – how it was smoothed out? So remind them! You are
only a reminder. (Surat al-Ghashiyya, 17-21)
Do they not see the things Allah has created, casting their shadows to
the right and to the left, prostrating themselves before Allah in
complete humility? (Surat an-Nahl,48)
In the creation of the heavens and Earth, and the alternation of the
night and day, and the ships which sail the seas to people's benefit,
and the water which Allah sends down from the sky– by which He brings
theEarth to life when it was dead and scatters about in it creatures
of every kind – and the varying direction of the winds, and the clouds
subservient between heaven and Earth, there are signs for people
whouse their intellect. (Surat al-Baqara, 164)
In the creation of the heavens and the Earth, and the alternation of
night and day, there are signs for people with intelligence. (Surah Al
'Imran, 190)
Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and Earth and the
variety of your languages and colors. There are certainly signs in
that for every being. (Surat ar-Rum, 22)
Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and Earth and all the
creatures He has spread about in them. And He has the power to gather
them together whenever He wills. (Surat ash-Shura, 29)
As believers grasp and see the scientific facts and grow in faith by
studying Allah's stunningartistry they will also come to possess the
means of overcoming, using science and knowledge, the snares of those
who slander Allah using supposed evidence. Those who adopt chance,
nature and matter as their gods by seeking to deny Allah's magnificent
creation will be defeated in the face of the artistry displayed by our
Lord and their false claims thus demolished. All the superstitious
evidence brought forward by these peopleis eliminated by science and
their empty struggles against Allah are all for nothing.
Allah advises people to reflect on creation, and the miraculous
systems and each of the extraordinary 100 trillion cells that emerge
in so doing by themselves rebut all these superstitious claims. Allah
advises us to consider the creation of the heavens, and His creation
through the BigBang and the extraordinary equilibrium in the universe
again eliminatethis superstitious way of thinking. Allah advises usto
look at the evidence in the Earth, and those glorious marvels of
creation, fossils, that emerge from it totally rebuts the claims of
Darwinism and materialism. Many more such proofs totally eliminate all
the plans and schemes that Darwinists and materialists come up with,
using so-called evidence, to oppose Allah.
One wise aspect behind the evidence for Allah's creation that
believers produce with knowledge and science is that it enables some
people who blindly and ignorantly believed other people with their
Darwinist and materialist mindsets to conclude, through the scientific
evidence, that Allah is the sole Creator. The scientific evidence
isinstrumental in these people seeing the omnipotence of Allah in the
things He creates and thus in coming to have faith.
A single tree, a single leaf or even a single seed is certainly enough
to see the glory and Absolute Existence of ourAlmighty Lord. But for
the pure and faithful who truly believe, seeing the
extraordinaryartistry in Allah's detail by way of science is a great
means whereby they can properly appreciate the might and greatness of
Allah. Itis for that reason that Almighty Allah has made science
obligatory for allbelievers.

Calling to Islam in the best manners

- ●◄ ►● - Published by, M NajimudeeN Bsc - INDIA|®|- - - - *
- Translator:: http://translate.google.com/m/ - ●◄ ►● - >
According to many scholars in this field, the term Da'wah (call to
Islam) applies to conveying themessage of Islam to non-Muslimsand
inviting them to Allaah. Non-practicing and lost Muslims need to be
reeducated and motivated to become better Muslims; they already know
Allaah Almighty and have been given the concept of Tawheed
(monotheism). Some objectives of Da'wah are as follows :
(a) Conveying the message of Islam to non-Muslims and inviting them to Allaah,
( b) Making efforts to remove misinformation about Islam and Muslims
from text books, reference material and media,
c) Making efforts for the integration of new Muslims into the Muslim community,
( d) To develop material resources, recruit manpower (volunteers) and
provide training for Da'wah workers.
Guidance is in the hands of Allaah, but the goal of Da'wah is
definitely to be a reason to convert people to be Muslims, to save
them from the Hell Fire. To avoid aggressiveness as a result of that
is for the caller to Islam toknow that guidance is not in his control,
it is by the will of Allaah .
Is Da'wah a duty on every Muslim?
Yes, it is a collective duty, if some fulfill its rights then it is
not a duty on every Muslim.
In the Qur'an, Allaah has placed the responsibility on the Muslim
Ummah (community) to convey the message of Islam to mankind. Allaah,
The Exalted, saysin the Qur'an (what means): " Thus We have appointed
you a model community (Ummah), thatyou may be witnesses against
mankind, and that the Messengermay be a witness against you". [Quran
2:143]
' Witnessing', here, means to convey the message of Islam, i.e. to
call people towards Allaah.
Allaah also Says (what means): "Invite to the Way of your Lord (i.e.
Islam) with wisdom (i.e. withthe Divine Revelation and the Qur'an) and
fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better. Truly,
your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the
Best Awareof those who are guided." [Quran 16:125]
Prophet Muhammad completed his assignment in his lifetime by conveying
the message to the entire Arabian Peninsula and sending letters to the
heads of surrounding countries. In his Khutbah (ceremony) of his
farewell Hajj (pilgrimage), he passed on the responsibility to every
Muslim when he said : "Those who are present should convey (my
message) to those who are not". [Al-Bukhaari]
Remember! Da'wah has great rewards. The Prophet said: "Whoever guides
someone towards good, will receive the reward of the one who acts
uponit." [Muslim]
This means, if a person is converted through the Da'wah you give
him/her, you get rewards for all the prayers he/shedoes or all the
fasts that he/she does, etc .
General tips for Da'wah
· The best Da'wah is to be a good example because people can see this
without you having to talk tothem.
1. You should be a good example all the time, not just when doing Da'wah .
2. Don't be a hypocrite and not follow what you preach. For example:
how would it look if you tell people that Muslims can'tdrink alcohol
and then they see you drinking.
· Smell good
· Don't act like you're better than the person or people you are
giving Da'wah to.
· Don't insult the person or their religion .
· Don't tell them that they are wrong and you are right and thatthey
are going to hell. But you have to be clear that the religion of the
truth is the religion of Islam, and Allaah doesn't accept any other
religions. And if a person dies in a state other than being a Muslim,
he will be in the Hell Fire. This can be done in a wide way .
· Don't get too deep in a subject you don't know much about, because
if they have questions, you won't have answers .
· Use common sense to explain Islam because much of Islamic ethics and
rules are based on common sense and most people can relate to common
sense
· Dress according to the Sunnah, since the Sunnah of the Prophet has
so much blessings in it, and do not imitate the disbeliever .
Da'wah opportunities are everywhere
Just look for them. For example: you are invited for eating food with
your co-workers, and they are going to eating pork. Let them know that
you can't eat it. That is Da'wah. For teenagers specifically, whenever
people are talking about dating or dances, tell them it is against
your religion and why. It is not permissible for a Muslim to take
friends that are disbelievers (eating pork, etc.) but if it is your
co-workers, or so, then advice them. Also, it is not permissible to be
present in a gathering that sins are involved .
The easiest people to give Da'wahto are the ones who already believe
in Allaah or some kind of deity. People who don't believe inAllaah,
atheists, are the hardest to give Da'wah to. Don't be afraidto give
them Da'wah, but be prepared and be knowledgeable because they always
look at everything from a short sighted materialistic view .
Methodology of Da'wah
· When giving Da'wah, you have to be wise. Be careful of the words and
think before you speak.
· Know to whom you speaking to.For example, try to find out what they
are interested in or if they have any problems. According to that,
give them their information .
· People will always be interested if it gives them an answer to their
problem or it has something to do with them .
Da'wah to Christians
· First of all, the best Da'wah is by your actions .
· When doing Da'wah to non-Muslims, we should try to concentrate on
what we have in common to them. For example: Islam and Christianity
both believe that abortion is wrong. This is only to break the tension
· We should let them know that we share many of the same ethics and manners.
· Let them know that we believe in heaven, hell, angels, devils, the
Day of Judgment, sins, repentance, and prophets.
· Let them know we only believe in one Allaah. And as a result, we
worship Him alone, and explain what is the meaning of worship in
Islam.
· Avoid controversial issues, like isJesus the son of Allaah or just a
Prophet. Don't get in an argument, but it has to be mentioned clearly,
that Jesus the son of Mary is a Messenger of Allaah and not His son.
· Do not insult them or put them or their religion down in any way.
· Avoid argument and debates. This only leads to ruin.