Quraanic Exegesis, Dought&clear, - * Commentary on the verse “ ‘He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet’” [Maryam 19:30]

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Allah says in Soorat Maryam: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful (interpretation of the meaning): “He [‘Eesa (Jesus)] said: ‘Verily, I am a slave of Allaah, He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet’” [Maryam 19:30].
My question is: What was the Book or Scripture meant by Sayyiduna ‘Eesa (peace be upon him)? Was it the Gospel? If it was, how could it be given to a child in the cradle? Does it mean that he knew it by heart? And how did he teach it to the people?.
Praise be to Allaah.
What is meant by the Book or Scripture in the verse in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):“He [‘Eesa (Jesus)] said: ‘Verily, I am a slave of Allaah, He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet’” [Maryam19:30]is the Gospel. It is expressed in the past tense (“He has given me”) to indicate that it would indeed happen and Allah would give him the Scripture in the future. Or the meaning may be: He has decreed that He will give me the Scripture.
‘Ikrimah said: “He has given me the Scripture” means: He has decreed that He will give me the Scripture. This was narrated from him by Ibn Katheer in hisTafseer(5/229).
Al-Shanqeeti (may Allah have mercy on him) said inAdwa’ al-Bayaan: The correction interpretation, in sha Allah, of the words in this verse, “He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet” is as follows: It is expressed in the past tense to describe something that will happen in the future, by way of confirming that it will come to pass. There are many similar examples in the Qur'aan, such as the verses in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“The Event (the Hour or the punishment of disbelievers and polytheists or the Islamic laws or commandments) ordained by Allaah will come to pass, so seek not to hasten it”
[al-Nahl 16:1]
“And the Trumpet will be blown, and all who are in the heavens and all who are on the earth will swoon away, except him whom Allaah wills. Then it will be blown a second time, and behold they will be standing, looking on (waiting).
69. And the earth will shine with the light of its Lord (Allaah, when He will come to judge among men), and the Book will be placed (open), and the Prophets and the witnesses will be brought forward, and it will be judged between them with truth, and they will not be wronged.
70. And each person will be paid in full of what he did; and He is Best Aware of what they do.
71. And those who disbelieved will be driven to Hell in groups…”
[al-Zumar 39:68-71]
“And those who kept their duty to their Lord (Al-Muttaqoon – the pious) will be led to Paradise in groups…”
[al-Zumar 39:73]
In all of these verses, the verbs in the original Arabic are in the past tense but what is meant is the future, by way of confirming that it will come to pass. And there are many similar examples in the Qur'aan.
What we have mentioned about the verb being in the past tense in the phrase “He has given me the Scripture” etc., referring to the future is the correct view, in sha Allah, and it is different from those who claim that he became a Prophet or was given the Scripture when he was still a child, because of the apparent meaning of the words. End quote.
And Allah knows best.

- PUBLISHERNajimudeeN M

Manners of Greeting with Salaam, Dought & clear, - * Ruling on male student shaking hands with a female classmate

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What is the ruling on a male student shaking hands with a female classmate? What should he do if she holds out her hand to greet him?
Praise be to Allaah.
It is not permitted to study in a mixed setting with female students in one place or in one school or on one bench. This is one of the greatest causes of fitnah (temptation) and it is not permissible for a male or female student to take part in this, because of the fitnah involved. The Muslim should not shake hands with a non-mahram female, even if she holds out her hand for him to shake, and he should tell her that shaking hands with a non-mahram man is not permitted, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, when accepting the allegiance (bay’ah) of women: “I do not shake hands with women.” And it was narrated that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: “By Allaah, the hand of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) never touched the hand of any (non-mahram) woman; he used to accept their allegiance in words only.” And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Indeed in the Messenger of Allaah (Muhammad) you have a good example to follow for him who hopes for (the Meeting with) Allaah and the Last Day, and remembers Allaah much”
[al-Ahzaab 33:21]
For a woman to shake hands with someone who is not her mahram is something that may lead to temptation for both parties, so it must be avoided.
There is nothing wrong with the shar’i greeting of salaam in which there is no fitnah and no shaking hands, and which does not give rise to doubts and does not involve any softness in speech, and in which hijaab is observed and there is no being alone with a member of the opposite sex, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“O wives of the Prophet! You are not like any other women. If you keep your duty (to Allaah), then be not soft in speech, lest he in whose heart is a disease (of hypocrisy, or evil desire for adultery) should be moved with desire, but speak in an honourable manner”
[al-Ahzaab 33:32]
At the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), the women used to greet him and ask him questions concerning things they did not understand, and the women also used to ask the companions of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) concerning things they did not understand.
With regard to a woman shaking hands with other women, or shaking hands with men who are her mahrams, such as her brothers, uncles, etc., there is nothing wrong with that.
Al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah in al-Fataawa al-Jaami’ah li’l-Mar’ah al-Muslimah, part 3, p. 988

- PUBLISHERNajimudeeN M

Manners of Greeting with Salaam, Dought & clear, - * Prohibition on shaking hands with paternal uncle’s wife even if she is old

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Is it permissible to shake hands with a paternal uncle’s wife if she is old, and if not shaking hands will provoke rancour and resentment, because that is the custom among relatives?.
Praise be to Allaah.
It is haraam for a man to shake hands with a non-mahram woman even if she is old. That is because of the general meaning of the evidence which states that it is forbidden.
Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
It is not permissible to shake hands with non-mahram women at all, whether they are young or old, and whether the man who is shaking hands is a young man or an old man, because of the danger of fitnah (temptation) that it poses to both parties. It was narrated in a saheeh hadeeth that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I do not shake hands with women.” And ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: “The hand of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) never touched the hand of any woman, and he used to accept their oath of allegiance by words only.”
It makes no difference whether one shakes hands with a barrier in between or with no barrier, because of the general meaning of the evidence, and so as to block the ways that may lead to fitnah. And Allaah is the Source of strength.
Fataawa Islamiyyah, 3/76
What some people believe, that the wife of a paternal or maternal uncle is not a stranger (non-mahram) is not correct, and there is no basis for that. Rather the wife of an uncle is a non-mahram. The question of a man shaking hands with a non-mahram woman has already been dealt with on this site; please see question no. 2459and 21183
With regard to what the questioner says that not shaking hands will cause resentment and that this is customary among them, he should refrain from shaking hands with her, and should explain to her that he is not refraining from shaking hands because he despises her or thinks little of her, but rather because he is obeying Allaah and His Messenger. The Muslim has to obey the command of his Lord, and avoid that which He has forbidden, even if that goes against the people’s customs. But he should explain to the people that he is doing that out of obedience to Allaah, and he should be gentle and polite so that he can convince them to follow the sharee’ah and so that they will not think badly of him.
And Allaah knows best.

- PUBLISHERNajimudeeN M