Every detail in the description of the Garden speaks to every period
of time and appeals to everyone. Rubies, emeralds, pearls and other
precious stones are rare and valuable and everyone appreciates them.
For this reason, that the mansions are made of these stones is an
important indication of their priceless value.
Among these stones, the reddish transparent rubyis the rarest precious
stone in the world. The shiny, smooth, round pearl has an
extraordinary aesthetic beauty. Its formation is very special. Over
time, alittle grain of sand insidean oyster irritates the soft inward
of the oysterwhich covers it with calcium carbonate until it
eventually becomes a thing of striking beauty. Of course, these
descriptions and comparisons with regard to the Garden areexamples
taken from theconditions pertaining in this world. These comparisons
are necessary as a means to broaden our horizons and for us to think
aboutthe Garden. But the beautiful things of the Garden will be much
more magnificent than the jewels of this world.
... who will inherit Firdaws, remaining in it timelessly, for ever.
(Surat al-Muminun: 11)
Everything in the Gardenhas been created to be as pleasant as
possible. The Prophet says the following about the mansions in the
Garden:
In the garden there isa tent of pearls, whose width is sixty miles, in
each corner of which the believer will have a wife whom the others
will not see. (Sahih al-Bukhari)
Another thing that adds to the beauty of these mansions is the
splendid setting in which they arelocated. For example, as we see in
many descriptions, some mansions are surrounded by greenery and stand
over or near water.
He will have a very pleasant life in an elevated Garden. (Surat al-Haqqa: 21-22)
In addition, there is another characteristic ofthese mansions in the Garden:
There are mansions made of emeralds and jewels. (Imam Ghazzali, Ihya
Ulum ad-Din [The Revival of the Sciences of the Deen]
Everything has been created in the Garden according to what people
desire and nothing they wish to seeis withheld from their eyes. Allah
reveals this inthe Qur'an:
… They will have there all that their hearts desire and their eyes
find delight in… (Surat az-Zukhruf: 71)
On the Day you see themen and women of the believers, with their light
streaming out in front of them, and to their right:"Good news for you
today of Gardens with rivers flowing under them, remaining in them
timelessly, for ever. That is the Great Victory." (Surat al-Hadid: 12)
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Islam is a religion of Mercy, Peace and Blessing. Its teachings emphasize kind hear tedness, help, sympathy, forgiveness, sacrifice, love and care.Qur’an, the Shari’ah and the life of our beloved Prophet (SAW) mirrors this attribute, and it should be reflected in the conduct of a Momin.Islam appreciates those who are kind to their fellow being,and dislikes them who are hard hearted, curt, and hypocrite.Recall that historical moment, when Prophet (SAW) entered Makkah as a conqueror. There was before him a multitude of surrendered enemies, former oppressors and persecutors, who had evicted the Muslims from their homes, deprived them of their belongings, humiliated and intimidated Prophet (SAW) hatched schemes for his murder and tortured and killed his companions. But Prophet (SAW) displayed his usual magnanimity, generosity, and kind heartedness by forgiving all of them and declaring general amnesty...Subhanallah. May Allah help us tailor our life according to the teachings of Islam. (Aameen)./-
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Saturday, August 31, 2013
13 But Allah will admit those who have iman and do right actions into Gardens with rivers flowing under them where they will be adorned with gold bracelets and pearls, and where their clothing will be of silk. (Surat al-Hajj: 23) [Jannah: The Garden from the Qur'an and Hadith ]
Friday, August 30, 2013
Fiqh of Inheritance, - Conditions of Inheritance
Just as inheritance has causes and impediments, it also has conditions
that should be fulfilled. They might be summed up in the following
three:
First condition: The death of the person inherited
This means that the owner of theinheritance should have died, since
his property cannot be inherited while he is still living. The death
of the owner of property might be:
In reality, i.e., he really dies and this is confirmed by observation
or the testimony of just witnesses;
In judgment, i.e., a judge passes a judgment of his death, like in the
case of a missing person when there is no hope of finding him.
Second condition:To learn that the heir is living after the inherited
person's death
It means that the heir of the deceased person should be alive at the
death of the owner of the inheritance. This might be:
Actually, in the sense that his being alive is proven by sight or the
testimony of just witnesses.
Potentially, i.e., to regard that he is probably living at the time of
the death of the owner of the inheritance; like in the case of
pregnancy, where the fetus is probably living in the sense that if it
is separated )from the mother's womb( and stays alive, then, the right
of inheritance would be affirmed to it.
However, if it is not known that the heir is living after the death of
the inherited person, like the case in which all members of a family
die in an accident, then, naturally, there would be no question of
inheritance among them.
Third condition: The absence of all the impediments of
inheritance)previously mentioned in the topic(.
If these three conditions are fulfilled, along with its causes, the
inheritance will be established, and the heir will have a share in the
inheritance of the deceased owner.
that should be fulfilled. They might be summed up in the following
three:
First condition: The death of the person inherited
This means that the owner of theinheritance should have died, since
his property cannot be inherited while he is still living. The death
of the owner of property might be:
In reality, i.e., he really dies and this is confirmed by observation
or the testimony of just witnesses;
In judgment, i.e., a judge passes a judgment of his death, like in the
case of a missing person when there is no hope of finding him.
Second condition:To learn that the heir is living after the inherited
person's death
It means that the heir of the deceased person should be alive at the
death of the owner of the inheritance. This might be:
Actually, in the sense that his being alive is proven by sight or the
testimony of just witnesses.
Potentially, i.e., to regard that he is probably living at the time of
the death of the owner of the inheritance; like in the case of
pregnancy, where the fetus is probably living in the sense that if it
is separated )from the mother's womb( and stays alive, then, the right
of inheritance would be affirmed to it.
However, if it is not known that the heir is living after the death of
the inherited person, like the case in which all members of a family
die in an accident, then, naturally, there would be no question of
inheritance among them.
Third condition: The absence of all the impediments of
inheritance)previously mentioned in the topic(.
If these three conditions are fulfilled, along with its causes, the
inheritance will be established, and the heir will have a share in the
inheritance of the deceased owner.
Fiqh of Inheritance, - Causes of Inheritance in Islamic Sharee‘ah
Inheritance in the IslamicSharee'ah)legislation( has three causes:
First cause: Marriage
UnderSharee'ah, marriage refersto the valid marital contract -- even
in the absence of meeting inseclusion between the spouses or sexual
intercourse between them. Both spouses inherit from each other, so
long as the maritalcontract is in effect between them. For example, if
a man divorces his wife and her'Iddah)post-marriage waiting period(
elapses, then there would be no mutual inheritance between them, due
to the termination of the marriage, which is the cause of inheritance.
However, if he divorces her during his fatal sickness and is accused
of having done so with the intention of preventing her from
inheritance, in this case, sheinherits )her share of( his property
even )if he dies( after the conclusion of her'Iddah, and even if she
gets married to another person according to the opinion of some
scholars ofFiqh)Islamic jurisprudence(, by way ofopposing the wrongful
husband and nullifying his purpose.
Second cause:Walaa')allegiance of an ex-slave to his ex-master(
This is a kind of kinship. If a master frees his slave, a kind of
relation calledWalaa')allegiance( starts to exist between them. It is
a favor done by the master to his slave out of his bounty, whereby he
brings him out of slavery to freedom.
Third cause: Real Kinship
Kinship is a connection between two persons by virtue of birth, beit a
close or far connection. Every man or woman with whom one has a
connection by birth, no matter how close or far, whetherfrom the side
of the father or from the side of the mother, or from the side of both
together, isone's kin. This is the strongest cause of inheritance.
The heirs from among the kith and kin are divided into three divisions:
1-The ascendants: The deceased's father, grandfather)the father's
father(, up to all levels of similar relationships from the side of
the father; and the deceased's mother, and grandmother being related
to him/her through a male or a female heir.
2-The descendants: The deceased's sons and sons of his son down to all
levels, and his son's daughter down to all levels of her father.
3-Non-ascendant /descendant relations: They are the
deceased'ssiblings;whether they are full or half-brothers or sisters,
the male children of his/her full brothers and half-brothers from the
side of the father, his paternal uncles who are his father's full
brothers,or half-brothers from the side of the father up to all
levels, the paternal cousins down to all levels.
These are the three causes of inheritance agreed upon among scholars.
They deserve, in the presence of a sound mind and disposition, to be
causes of inheritance. There are other causes which are subject to
dispute, as to whether or not they are regarded as causes of
inheritance, likeBayt Al-Maalof the Muslims )Muslim treasury(, the
kith and kin who are not heirs, etc.
First cause: Marriage
UnderSharee'ah, marriage refersto the valid marital contract -- even
in the absence of meeting inseclusion between the spouses or sexual
intercourse between them. Both spouses inherit from each other, so
long as the maritalcontract is in effect between them. For example, if
a man divorces his wife and her'Iddah)post-marriage waiting period(
elapses, then there would be no mutual inheritance between them, due
to the termination of the marriage, which is the cause of inheritance.
However, if he divorces her during his fatal sickness and is accused
of having done so with the intention of preventing her from
inheritance, in this case, sheinherits )her share of( his property
even )if he dies( after the conclusion of her'Iddah, and even if she
gets married to another person according to the opinion of some
scholars ofFiqh)Islamic jurisprudence(, by way ofopposing the wrongful
husband and nullifying his purpose.
Second cause:Walaa')allegiance of an ex-slave to his ex-master(
This is a kind of kinship. If a master frees his slave, a kind of
relation calledWalaa')allegiance( starts to exist between them. It is
a favor done by the master to his slave out of his bounty, whereby he
brings him out of slavery to freedom.
Third cause: Real Kinship
Kinship is a connection between two persons by virtue of birth, beit a
close or far connection. Every man or woman with whom one has a
connection by birth, no matter how close or far, whetherfrom the side
of the father or from the side of the mother, or from the side of both
together, isone's kin. This is the strongest cause of inheritance.
The heirs from among the kith and kin are divided into three divisions:
1-The ascendants: The deceased's father, grandfather)the father's
father(, up to all levels of similar relationships from the side of
the father; and the deceased's mother, and grandmother being related
to him/her through a male or a female heir.
2-The descendants: The deceased's sons and sons of his son down to all
levels, and his son's daughter down to all levels of her father.
3-Non-ascendant /descendant relations: They are the
deceased'ssiblings;whether they are full or half-brothers or sisters,
the male children of his/her full brothers and half-brothers from the
side of the father, his paternal uncles who are his father's full
brothers,or half-brothers from the side of the father up to all
levels, the paternal cousins down to all levels.
These are the three causes of inheritance agreed upon among scholars.
They deserve, in the presence of a sound mind and disposition, to be
causes of inheritance. There are other causes which are subject to
dispute, as to whether or not they are regarded as causes of
inheritance, likeBayt Al-Maalof the Muslims )Muslim treasury(, the
kith and kin who are not heirs, etc.
Special Virtues of the Night of Decree
Allaah The Almighty has attached a special value to theLaylat Al-Qadr,
and has given this night special characteristics which make it unique,
such as:
It is the night on which the Quran was sent down. Ibn
'Abbaassaid,"Allaah sent down the Quran at one time from Al-Lawh
Al-Mahfooth )the Preserved Tablet in the Seventh Heaven( to Bayt
Al-'Izzah )House of Pride( in the first Heaven, then it was revealed
to the Messenger of Allaahin stages according to events over
twenty-threeyears."]Ibn Katheer[
Allaah The Almighty described it as being better than a thousand
months, as He Says )what means(:}"The Night of Decree is better than a
thousand months."{]Quran 97:3[
Allaah The Almighty described it as being blessed, as He Says )what
means(:}"Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night."{]Quran 44:
3[
On this night, the angels and the Spirit ]Jibreel)Angel Gabriel([
descend,"i.e., many angels descend on this night because it is so
blessed, and the angels come down when the blessingsand mercy of
Allaah The Almighty come down, just as they come down when the Quran
is recited, and they surround the circles of Thikr )gatherings where
Allaah The Almighty is mentioned(, and they spread their wings for the
one who sincerely seeks knowledge, out of respect for him."]Ibn
Katheer[Jibreelis specifically mentioned as a sign of respect for him.
This night is described as peace, i.e., it is safe, for the devils
cannot do any evil or cause any harm onthis night, as Mujaahidsaid,"On
this night, many people are saved from punishment because of what they
do to worship Allaah, The Most Exalted."
Allaah The Almighty Says)what means(:}"On that night is made distinct
every precise matter."{]Quran 44:4[, the affairs of that year are
dispatched from the Preserved Tablet to the angels who record the
decrees: who will live, who will die, what provision people will be
given, what will happen until the end of that year,every matter of
ordainment is decreed, and it cannot be altered or changed. ]Ibn
Katheer[
Allaah The Almighty revealed a Chapter concerning this night which
will be recited until the Day of Resurrection, in which Allaah The
Almighty Says)what means(:}"Indeed, We sent the Qur'an downduring the
Night of Decree. And what can make you know what is the Night of
Decree? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The
angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for
every matter. Peace it is until the emergence of dawn."{]Quran 97:1-5[
The Prophet,, said:"Seek Laylat Al-Qadr in thelast ten days of Ramadan."]Muslim[
It is more likely to be oneof the odd-numbered nights, because of the
narration of 'Aa'ishahwho said that the Messenger of Allaah,, had
said:"Seek Laylat Al-Qadr in the odd-numbered nights of the last ten
nights."]Al-Bukhaari[
It is most likely to be on the night of the twenty-seventh, according
to thesaying of the Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wasallam:"Laylat
Al-Qadr is the night of the twenty-seventh."]Ahmad and Abu Daawood[
This isthe preponderant view of most of the Companions and the
majority of scholars. Ubayy ibn Ka'bused toassert, without saying "In
shaa' Allaah)God willing(" that: "…it was the night of the
twenty-seventh. Zurr ibn Hubaysh,,said to Ubayy: 'I said, What makes
you say that, O Abu'l-Munthir )i.e. Ubay(?'Hesaid, 'By the signs of
which the Messenger of Allaah,told us: that the sun rises that morning
with no visible rays.'" ]Muslim[
The fact that it is more likely the night of the twenty-seventh does
not mean that this is always the case. It could be any of the other
odd-numbered nights of the last ten days ofRamadan. Some of the
scholars ruled that it is more likely that it moves and does not come
on a specific night each year.
and has given this night special characteristics which make it unique,
such as:
It is the night on which the Quran was sent down. Ibn
'Abbaassaid,"Allaah sent down the Quran at one time from Al-Lawh
Al-Mahfooth )the Preserved Tablet in the Seventh Heaven( to Bayt
Al-'Izzah )House of Pride( in the first Heaven, then it was revealed
to the Messenger of Allaahin stages according to events over
twenty-threeyears."]Ibn Katheer[
Allaah The Almighty described it as being better than a thousand
months, as He Says )what means(:}"The Night of Decree is better than a
thousand months."{]Quran 97:3[
Allaah The Almighty described it as being blessed, as He Says )what
means(:}"Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night."{]Quran 44:
3[
On this night, the angels and the Spirit ]Jibreel)Angel Gabriel([
descend,"i.e., many angels descend on this night because it is so
blessed, and the angels come down when the blessingsand mercy of
Allaah The Almighty come down, just as they come down when the Quran
is recited, and they surround the circles of Thikr )gatherings where
Allaah The Almighty is mentioned(, and they spread their wings for the
one who sincerely seeks knowledge, out of respect for him."]Ibn
Katheer[Jibreelis specifically mentioned as a sign of respect for him.
This night is described as peace, i.e., it is safe, for the devils
cannot do any evil or cause any harm onthis night, as Mujaahidsaid,"On
this night, many people are saved from punishment because of what they
do to worship Allaah, The Most Exalted."
Allaah The Almighty Says)what means(:}"On that night is made distinct
every precise matter."{]Quran 44:4[, the affairs of that year are
dispatched from the Preserved Tablet to the angels who record the
decrees: who will live, who will die, what provision people will be
given, what will happen until the end of that year,every matter of
ordainment is decreed, and it cannot be altered or changed. ]Ibn
Katheer[
Allaah The Almighty revealed a Chapter concerning this night which
will be recited until the Day of Resurrection, in which Allaah The
Almighty Says)what means(:}"Indeed, We sent the Qur'an downduring the
Night of Decree. And what can make you know what is the Night of
Decree? The Night of Decree is better than a thousand months. The
angels and the Spirit descend therein by permission of their Lord for
every matter. Peace it is until the emergence of dawn."{]Quran 97:1-5[
The Prophet,, said:"Seek Laylat Al-Qadr in thelast ten days of Ramadan."]Muslim[
It is more likely to be oneof the odd-numbered nights, because of the
narration of 'Aa'ishahwho said that the Messenger of Allaah,, had
said:"Seek Laylat Al-Qadr in the odd-numbered nights of the last ten
nights."]Al-Bukhaari[
It is most likely to be on the night of the twenty-seventh, according
to thesaying of the Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wasallam:"Laylat
Al-Qadr is the night of the twenty-seventh."]Ahmad and Abu Daawood[
This isthe preponderant view of most of the Companions and the
majority of scholars. Ubayy ibn Ka'bused toassert, without saying "In
shaa' Allaah)God willing(" that: "…it was the night of the
twenty-seventh. Zurr ibn Hubaysh,,said to Ubayy: 'I said, What makes
you say that, O Abu'l-Munthir )i.e. Ubay(?'Hesaid, 'By the signs of
which the Messenger of Allaah,told us: that the sun rises that morning
with no visible rays.'" ]Muslim[
The fact that it is more likely the night of the twenty-seventh does
not mean that this is always the case. It could be any of the other
odd-numbered nights of the last ten days ofRamadan. Some of the
scholars ruled that it is more likely that it moves and does not come
on a specific night each year.
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