Initially, after his birth, Thuwaybah, the freed slave-girl of Abu
Lahab Ibn 'Abdul-Muttalib,suckled him for seven days. She had suckled
Hamzahthe uncle of the Prophetalso. Thus, both Masruh Ibn Thuwaybah
and Hamzah were hisfoster brothers. According to the custom of the
Arab nobles, on the eighth day he was entrusted to lady Haleemah of
the Banu Sa'd clan of the Hawaazin tribe tosuckle him and bring him
up. Thenobles ofArabiawould entrust their babies to bedouin women so
that they would become healthy and strong in the open and free climate
of the desert. Besides this, it would help develop eloquent speech,
because the language of the bedouins was more pure, graceful and
eloquent than thoseliving in urban areas.
Haleemah Sa'diyyah would come to Makkah twice a year to show him to
his mother and grandfather. Haleemah Sa'diyyah suckled him for two
years and he remained with her for four years altogether. His mother
summoned him to Makkah at the end of four years. According to some
narrations, heremained with Banu Sa'd for five years. He was five
years of age, when he was out grazing goats along with his foster
brother andsisters and other boys of the same age when the event of
the opening up of his chest occurred.
According to a narration of SeeratIbn Hisham, Haleemah bint Abu Dhuayb
relates this event in thesewords: "One day both of my children came
fearfully to me andsaid that two cleanly dressed persons seized our
Qurayshi brother and split open his chest. Iwent to the spot along
with my husband )Haarith Ibn 'Abdul-'Uzzaa( and saw that he was
sitting there with a pallid face. Upon inquiry, he stated that two
cleanly dressed persons came to him, laid him down with his face up,
took out his heart, and extracted something from it." Yet, Haleemah
found no trace of any injury or spot of blood. Having thought that a
Jinn had affected the boy, she brought him to Makkah without loss of
time and related the whole eventto his mother. His mother, instead of
being afraid of what had happened, spoke with all theconfidence at her
command that her son would achieve a very distinctive place in the
world, andwould surely remain safe from allcalamities. She related
that whenhewas in her womb, she heard many things from the angels and
noticed many uncommon happenings. Imaam Muslim reports from Anas Ibn
Maalikthat one day when hewas playing with the boys of Makkah, Jibreel
)Gabriel( came to him, split his chest, took out a black spot from it,
and said: "Thiswas the portion of Satan." Following that, he washed
his heart in a tray of gold with Zamzam water and then replacedit.
After this event, Haleemah was worried about the boy and returned him
to his mother with whom he stayed until he was six.
In respect and memory of her late husband, Aaminah – the Prophet's
mother - decided to visit his grave in Yathrib)Madeenah(. She set out
to cover ajourney of 500 kilometers with her orphan boy, woman servant
Umm Ayman and father-in-law 'Abdul-Muttalib. She spent a month there
and then started her way back to Makkah. On the way, she had a severe
illness and died in Abwa on the road between Makkah and Madeenah.
To His Compassionate Grandfather:
'Abdul-Muttalib brought the boy to Makkah. He had warm feelings
towards the boy, his orphan grandson, whose recent disaster)his
mother's death( added more to the pains of the past. 'Abdul-Muttalib
was more passionate with his grandson than with his own children. He
never left the boy a prey to loneliness, and always preferred him to
his own children. Ibn Hishaam reported:"A mattress was put in the
shade of Al-Ka'bah for 'Abdul-Muttalib. His children used to sit
around that mattress in honour of their father, but Muhammadused to
sit on it. His uncles would pull him back, but if 'Abdul-Muttalib was
present, he would say: 'Leavemy grandson. I swear by Allaah that this
boy will hold a significant position.' He used to seat the boy on his
mattress, pat his back and was always pleased with what the boy did."
The Death of 'Abdul-Muttalib
When Muhammadwas eight years, two months and ten days old, his
grandfather 'Abdul-Muttalib passed away in Makkah. When
'Abdul-Muttalib's funeral procession was proceeding, hejoined it with
tearful eyes. However, 'Abdul-Muttalib had entrusted him to his son
Abu Taalib before his death, stressing the utmost care and protection
for the boy. Despite having several other sons, 'Abdul-Muttalib was
wise enough to givehim to the care of Abu Taalib because he and
'Abdullaah, the father of the boy, were born of the same mother. The
assessment of 'Abdul-Muttalib came true and the nephew became Abu
Taalib's favourite.
Support of Abu Taalib
Abu Taalib took special care of hisnephew and held him dearer than his
own sons. He made him sleep on his own bed. He singled the boy out
with great respect and high esteem. Abu Taalib remained for forty
years cherishing his nephew and extending all possible protection and
support to him. His relations with the others were determinedin the
light of the treatment they showed to the Prophet. Ibn 'Asaakir
reported on the authority of Jalhamah Ibn 'Arfootah who said: "I came
to Makkah when it was a rainless year, so Quraysh said: 'O Abu Taalib!
The valley has become leafless and the children hungry, let us go and
pray for rainfall.' Abu Taalib went to the Ka'bah with a young boy who
was as beautiful as the sun and a dark cloud was over his head. Abu
Taalib and the boy stood by the wall of the Ka'bah and prayed for
rain. Immediately, clouds from alldirections gathered and rain fell
heavily and caused the flow of springs and growth of plants in the
town and the country.
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Islam is a religion of Mercy, Peace and Blessing. Its teachings emphasize kind hear tedness, help, sympathy, forgiveness, sacrifice, love and care.Qur’an, the Shari’ah and the life of our beloved Prophet (SAW) mirrors this attribute, and it should be reflected in the conduct of a Momin.Islam appreciates those who are kind to their fellow being,and dislikes them who are hard hearted, curt, and hypocrite.Recall that historical moment, when Prophet (SAW) entered Makkah as a conqueror. There was before him a multitude of surrendered enemies, former oppressors and persecutors, who had evicted the Muslims from their homes, deprived them of their belongings, humiliated and intimidated Prophet (SAW) hatched schemes for his murder and tortured and killed his companions. But Prophet (SAW) displayed his usual magnanimity, generosity, and kind heartedness by forgiving all of them and declaring general amnesty...Subhanallah. May Allah help us tailor our life according to the teachings of Islam. (Aameen)./-
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Wednesday, August 28, 2013
Muhammad the orphan -I
Actions that require Ghusl-II
The word Ghusl in Arabic means to wash the entirebody with water.
Allaah Says in the Quran )what means(: "And they ask you ]O Muhammad[
about menstruation. Say: 'It is harm, so keep away from women during
menstruation. And do not approach them until they are pure...'"]Quran
2: 222[
Herein, we continue stating other actions thatrequire Ghusl if one is
in a state of major impurity:
·Circumambulating the Ka'bah)The Sacred House in Makkah(
Ibn 'Abbaasreported that the Messenger of Allaahsaid:"Circumambulation
is a type of prayer, but Allaah has permitted speaking during it.
Whoever speaks during it should only speak good."]At-Tirmithi &
Others[
·Touching or Carrying the Quran
The Companionswere all agreed that it is forbidden to touch or carry
the Quran while one is in a state of impurity. There are some jurists,
such as Daawood bin Hazmwho allowed the physically unclean person,
whether because of sexual intercourse or menstruation, to touch
orcarry the Quran, and saw nothing wrong with this. He derives his
support from a Hadeeth in the Saheehayn )the two mostauthentic Hadeeth
sources( in which it is stated that the Prophetsent a letter to
Heraclius, beginning with:
"In the name of Allaah, the Compassionate, the Merciful: )the hecited
the verse which means(:"…O people of the Scripture! Come to a word
that is equitable between us and you – that we will not worship except
Allaah and not associate anything with Him and not take one another as
lords instead of Allaah. But if theyturn away, then say: 'Bear witness
that we are Muslims]submitting to Him[."]Quran 3:64[
Ibn Hazmconcluded:"This is the letter that the Messenger of
Allaahwrote, containing this verse, to the Christians, and of course
they must have touched it." The majority of scholars answer this point
of his by stating that one is allowed to touch parts of the Quran that
are used in letters, books, Tafseer)Quranic exegesis(, and so on, as
such things are notcopies of the Quran, nor is it confirmed that such
an action is forbidden.
·Reciting the Quran
According to most scholars, one who is physically unclean)because of
sex or menstruation( may not recite any portion of the Quran. This is
based on a Hadeeth from 'Aliin which he stated that nothing kept the
Messenger of Allaahfrom the Quran except being sexually
impure.]At-Tirmithi[
Healso related: "I saw the Messenger of Allaahperform ablution and
recite some of the Quran, after which he said:'This is for the one who
is not in post-sex impurity. If one is in post-sex impurity, he may
not do so, not even one verse."]Ahmad & Abu Ya'la[ Imaam
Al-Haythamistated about this Hadeeth: "Its narrators are trustworthy."
Also, Imaam Ash-Shawkaanistated: "If this)report( is authentic, that
is proof enough that it is forbidden. The first Hadeeth does not
forbid it, for it merely states thatit was his practice not to recite
the Quran while hewas in post-sex impurity. Similar reports do not
even show that it is disliked. Therefore, how can it be used as a
proof that it is forbidden?" Imaams Al-Bukhaari, At-Tabaraani, Abu
Daawood, and Ibn Hazmwere of the opinion that it is permissible for
one who is in post-sex impurity )or in menstruation( to recite the
Quran. Ibn 'Abbaasdid not see anything wrong with a sexually impure
person reciting the Quran.
The Prophetwould mention Allaah under all circumstances. Imaam
IbnHajarstated: "There isno authentic Hadeeth reported by the
author)Al-Bukhaari( concerning the prohibition of reciting by one who
is sexually impure or menstruating." The sum total of what has been
related on this issue informs us on this point, though the
interpretations differ.
·Staying in the Mosque
It is forbidden for one who is physically unclean)because of sex or
menstruation( to stay in the mosque. 'Aa'ishahsaid: "The Messenger of
Allaahsaw that his companions' houses were practically in the mosque,
so he said:"Direct those houses away from the mosque." He then entered
the mosque, but the people did nothing in the hope that Allaah would
reveal to the Prophetthat what they were doing was permissible.
However, when hecame out from the mosque, he said:"Direct those houses
away from the mosque, for it is not permitted for a menstruating woman
or sexually impure person to be in the mosque."]Abu Daawood[
Umm Salamahrelated that the Prophetonce came out to the courtyard of
the mosque and said at the top of his voice: "The mosque is off limits
to menstruating women and those who are sexually impure." ]IbnMaajah &
At-Tabaraani[ Such people can, however, pass through the mosque, for
Allaah Says )what means(:"O you who have believed! Do not approach
prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or
in a state of sexual impurity, except those passing through ]a place
of prayer[, until you have washed]your whole body[..."]Quran 4: 43[
Zayd bin Aslamsaid:"The companions of the Messenger of Allaahwould
walk through the mosques while they weresexually impure." ]Ibn
Al-Munthir[ Yazeed bin Habeebreported that the Companions' doors
opened out into the mosque, and that when they were sexually impure,
they could find no water or any path to water save through the mosque;
then, Allaah revealed )what means(:"…Or in a state of sexual
impurity,except those passing through ]a place of prayer[…"]Quran 4:
43[ ]At-Tabari[
Allaah Says in the Quran )what means(: "And they ask you ]O Muhammad[
about menstruation. Say: 'It is harm, so keep away from women during
menstruation. And do not approach them until they are pure...'"]Quran
2: 222[
Herein, we continue stating other actions thatrequire Ghusl if one is
in a state of major impurity:
·Circumambulating the Ka'bah)The Sacred House in Makkah(
Ibn 'Abbaasreported that the Messenger of Allaahsaid:"Circumambulation
is a type of prayer, but Allaah has permitted speaking during it.
Whoever speaks during it should only speak good."]At-Tirmithi &
Others[
·Touching or Carrying the Quran
The Companionswere all agreed that it is forbidden to touch or carry
the Quran while one is in a state of impurity. There are some jurists,
such as Daawood bin Hazmwho allowed the physically unclean person,
whether because of sexual intercourse or menstruation, to touch
orcarry the Quran, and saw nothing wrong with this. He derives his
support from a Hadeeth in the Saheehayn )the two mostauthentic Hadeeth
sources( in which it is stated that the Prophetsent a letter to
Heraclius, beginning with:
"In the name of Allaah, the Compassionate, the Merciful: )the hecited
the verse which means(:"…O people of the Scripture! Come to a word
that is equitable between us and you – that we will not worship except
Allaah and not associate anything with Him and not take one another as
lords instead of Allaah. But if theyturn away, then say: 'Bear witness
that we are Muslims]submitting to Him[."]Quran 3:64[
Ibn Hazmconcluded:"This is the letter that the Messenger of
Allaahwrote, containing this verse, to the Christians, and of course
they must have touched it." The majority of scholars answer this point
of his by stating that one is allowed to touch parts of the Quran that
are used in letters, books, Tafseer)Quranic exegesis(, and so on, as
such things are notcopies of the Quran, nor is it confirmed that such
an action is forbidden.
·Reciting the Quran
According to most scholars, one who is physically unclean)because of
sex or menstruation( may not recite any portion of the Quran. This is
based on a Hadeeth from 'Aliin which he stated that nothing kept the
Messenger of Allaahfrom the Quran except being sexually
impure.]At-Tirmithi[
Healso related: "I saw the Messenger of Allaahperform ablution and
recite some of the Quran, after which he said:'This is for the one who
is not in post-sex impurity. If one is in post-sex impurity, he may
not do so, not even one verse."]Ahmad & Abu Ya'la[ Imaam
Al-Haythamistated about this Hadeeth: "Its narrators are trustworthy."
Also, Imaam Ash-Shawkaanistated: "If this)report( is authentic, that
is proof enough that it is forbidden. The first Hadeeth does not
forbid it, for it merely states thatit was his practice not to recite
the Quran while hewas in post-sex impurity. Similar reports do not
even show that it is disliked. Therefore, how can it be used as a
proof that it is forbidden?" Imaams Al-Bukhaari, At-Tabaraani, Abu
Daawood, and Ibn Hazmwere of the opinion that it is permissible for
one who is in post-sex impurity )or in menstruation( to recite the
Quran. Ibn 'Abbaasdid not see anything wrong with a sexually impure
person reciting the Quran.
The Prophetwould mention Allaah under all circumstances. Imaam
IbnHajarstated: "There isno authentic Hadeeth reported by the
author)Al-Bukhaari( concerning the prohibition of reciting by one who
is sexually impure or menstruating." The sum total of what has been
related on this issue informs us on this point, though the
interpretations differ.
·Staying in the Mosque
It is forbidden for one who is physically unclean)because of sex or
menstruation( to stay in the mosque. 'Aa'ishahsaid: "The Messenger of
Allaahsaw that his companions' houses were practically in the mosque,
so he said:"Direct those houses away from the mosque." He then entered
the mosque, but the people did nothing in the hope that Allaah would
reveal to the Prophetthat what they were doing was permissible.
However, when hecame out from the mosque, he said:"Direct those houses
away from the mosque, for it is not permitted for a menstruating woman
or sexually impure person to be in the mosque."]Abu Daawood[
Umm Salamahrelated that the Prophetonce came out to the courtyard of
the mosque and said at the top of his voice: "The mosque is off limits
to menstruating women and those who are sexually impure." ]IbnMaajah &
At-Tabaraani[ Such people can, however, pass through the mosque, for
Allaah Says )what means(:"O you who have believed! Do not approach
prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or
in a state of sexual impurity, except those passing through ]a place
of prayer[, until you have washed]your whole body[..."]Quran 4: 43[
Zayd bin Aslamsaid:"The companions of the Messenger of Allaahwould
walk through the mosques while they weresexually impure." ]Ibn
Al-Munthir[ Yazeed bin Habeebreported that the Companions' doors
opened out into the mosque, and that when they were sexually impure,
they could find no water or any path to water save through the mosque;
then, Allaah revealed )what means(:"…Or in a state of sexual
impurity,except those passing through ]a place of prayer[…"]Quran 4:
43[ ]At-Tabari[
Dought & clear - He wants to work some days of the week and spend the rest in worship.
I know a Brother in Islaam, who left his haraam job, after realsing
the haraam nature of it - Alhamdhu Lillah.
He is now looking for a job that is just sufficient to feed and clothe
his family. He is keen to work only as many days to earn that income.
The rest of the week he wants to spend in the mosque reading
Qu'raanand praying etc..
Is his behaviour permissible? Does Islaamnot say that the daytime is
for seeking sustenanceand the night for prayers.? Is it not better for
him to seek a good job so that the extra money can be given as zakat
to the poor? Doesn't his family have rights over him with regard to
time.
Praise be to Allaah.
The Muslim who is able to earn a living must strive to earn that
whichwill keep him and those under his guardianship, such as his wife
and children, from having to beg, and to earn what he needs to spend
on their maintenance. If he manages to do that, then if he spends the
rest of his time, whether during the night or the day, in worshipping
Allaah by praying, fasting, reading Qur'aan,that is better. There is
nospecific time for worshipin general, but yes, praying qiyaam at
night is better than praying during the day. This does not mean that
there is no reward for praying naafil prayers during the day. He
should start by doing that which is obligatory, whether the obligation
is towards Allaah or towards His creation, then he can use the rest of
his time for doing that which is mustahabb, and if he indulges in some
permissible activities for the purpose of relaxation and recreation,
that is OK.
Shaykh 'Abd al-Kareem al-Khudayr
the haraam nature of it - Alhamdhu Lillah.
He is now looking for a job that is just sufficient to feed and clothe
his family. He is keen to work only as many days to earn that income.
The rest of the week he wants to spend in the mosque reading
Qu'raanand praying etc..
Is his behaviour permissible? Does Islaamnot say that the daytime is
for seeking sustenanceand the night for prayers.? Is it not better for
him to seek a good job so that the extra money can be given as zakat
to the poor? Doesn't his family have rights over him with regard to
time.
Praise be to Allaah.
The Muslim who is able to earn a living must strive to earn that
whichwill keep him and those under his guardianship, such as his wife
and children, from having to beg, and to earn what he needs to spend
on their maintenance. If he manages to do that, then if he spends the
rest of his time, whether during the night or the day, in worshipping
Allaah by praying, fasting, reading Qur'aan,that is better. There is
nospecific time for worshipin general, but yes, praying qiyaam at
night is better than praying during the day. This does not mean that
there is no reward for praying naafil prayers during the day. He
should start by doing that which is obligatory, whether the obligation
is towards Allaah or towards His creation, then he can use the rest of
his time for doing that which is mustahabb, and if he indulges in some
permissible activities for the purpose of relaxation and recreation,
that is OK.
Shaykh 'Abd al-Kareem al-Khudayr
Dought & clear - Guidance is in the hand of Allaah.
How can we reconcile between the aayahs (interpretation of the
meanings): "Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like"
[al-Qasas 28:56] and "And verily, you (O Muhammad) are indeed guiding
(mankind) to the Straight Path"[al-Shooraa 42:52]?
Praise be to Allaah.
Allaah has created man and given him reason, and He has sent down to
him Revelation and sent tohim Messengers to callhim to the truth and
warn him against falsehood. Then He has left him to make his own
choice.
"And say: 'The truth is from your Lord.' Then whosoever wills, let him
believe; and whosoever wills, let him disbelieve
[al-Kahf 18:29 – interpretation of the meaning]
Allaah commanded His Messenger Muhammad(peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) to convey the truth to all of mankind. Then they have the
choice to do as they wish. If a person obeys, he benefits himself, and
if he disobeys, he harms himself, as Allaah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
"Say: 'O you mankind! Now truth (i.e. the Qur'aan and Prophet
Muhammad), has come to you from yourLord. So whosoever receives
guidance, he does so for the good of his own self; and whosoever goes
astray, he does so to his own loss; and I am not (set) over you as a
Wakeel (disposer of affairs to oblige you for guidance)'"[Yoonus
10:108]
Islam is the religion ofthe natural state of man (fitrah), the
religion of reason and thought. Allaah has distinguished the truth
from falsehood. He has enjoined all that is good and forbidden all
that is evil. He has permitted good things and forbidden evil things.
There is no compulsion in religionbecause the benefits or harms come
back upon the created being, not upon the Creator. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
"There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right Path has become
distinct from the wrong path. Whoever disbelieves in Taaghoot (false
gods) and believes in Allaah, then he has grasped the most trustworthy
handhold that will never break"
[al-Baqarah 2:256]
And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"Whosoever does righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of)his
ownself; and whosoever does evil, it is against his ownself. And your
Lord is not at all unjust to (His) slaves"[Fussilat 41:46]
Guidance is in the hand of Allaah. If Allaah willed, He couldguide all
of mankind, for there is nothing that He cannot do on this earth or in
the heavens. Nothing happens in His Dominion except that which He
wills.
"Say: 'With Allaah is the perfect proof and argument, (i.e. the
Oneness of Allaah, the sending of His Messengers and His Holy Books,
to mankind); had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you
all'"[al-An'aam 6:149 – interpretationof the meaning]
But in His Wisdom, Allaah has created us with the ability to choose,
and He has sent down to us guidance and the Criterion. So whoever
obeys Allaah and His Messenger will enter Paradise and whoeverdisobeys
Allaah and His Messenger will enter Hell, as Allaah says
(interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Verily, proofs have come to you from yourLord, so whosoever sees,
will do so for (the good of) his ownself, and whosoever blinds
himself, will do so to his own harm, and I (Muhammad) am not a watcher
over you"[al-An'aam 6:104]
The Messenger(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) has no part
in guidance; all that he and the Muslims have to do is to explain and
convey the message, and show them guidance but they cannot force
people tofollow it, as Allaah said to His Messenger(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him)(interpretation of the meaning):
"And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of
them together. So, will you (O Muhammad) then compel mankind,
untilthey become believers"[Yoonus 10:99]
And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And the duty of the Messenger is only to convey (the Message)
plainly"[al-'Ankaboot 29:18]
Guidance to the truth is in the hand of Allaah alone and no human
being has any share in that, as Allaahsaid to His Messenger(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him)(interpretation of the meaning):
"Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like, but Allaah guides
whom He wills. And He knows best those who are the guided[al-Qasas
28:56]
Allaah guides whomsoever He wills and sends astray whomsoever He
wills. He has told us that He guides those who obey Him and turn to
Him, as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
"While as for those who accept guidance, He increases their guidance
and bestowson them their piety"[Muhammad 47:17]
But whoever disobeys Allaah and turns away from Him, Allaah will not
guide him, as He says (interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Truly, Allaah guides not him who is a liar, and a disbeliever"
[al-Zumar 39:3]
Allaah is Omniscient and knows what has happened and is happening and
what is yet to come. Allaah knows the believers and the disbelievers,
and what they will do, and He knows what their fate will be in the
Hereafter. He has written all that inal-Lawh al-Mahfooz(the Preserved
Tablet), as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And all things We have recorded in a Book"[al-Naba' 78:29]
Allaah has created man with the ability to choose, and He has created
him able to doboth, either believer or disbelieve, as He says
(interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Verily, We showed him the way, whether he be grateful or
ungrateful"[al-Insaan 76:3]
Man has the choice in terms of his reason only; if he loses his reason
by which he is able to distinguish between the alternatives of good
and evil, truth and falsehood, then he is not accountable. Hence
according to Islamic sharee'ah, the pen is lifted from the insane
person (i.e., he is not accountable) until he recovers his senses, and
from the child until he reaches the age of understanding, and from the
sleeper until he wakes up. None of these people are accountable until
they gain or recover the reason by which they may distinguish between
the alternatives of faith and disbelief, truth and falsehood, and so
on.
Whatever direction a person takes, there will be reward and
punishment, If he obeys, there will be Paradise:
"Indeed he succeeds who purifies his ownself (i.e. obeys and performs
all that Allaah ordered, by following the true Faith of Islamic
Monotheism and by doing righteous good deeds"
[al-Shams 91:9 – interpretation of the meaning]
and if he disobeys, there will be Hell:
"And indeed he fails who corrupts his ownself (i.e. disobeys what
Allaah has ordered by rejecting the true Faith of Islamic Monotheism
or by following polytheism, or by doing every kind of evil wicked
deeds"[al-Shams 91:10 – interpretation of the meaning]
The choice of one of these two ways is something about which a person
will bequestioned by the Lord of the Worlds. Hence it is clear that
faith or disbelief, obedience or disobedience, is the matter of
personal choice. Allaah has made reward and punishment dependent upon
this choice:
"Whosoever does righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of)his
ownself; and whosoever does evil, it is against his ownself. And your
Lord is not at all unjust to (His) slaves"[Fussilat 41:46]
Whoever loves Allaah and His Messenger and desires good in this world
and in the Hereafter, let him enter Islam, and whoever turns away from
that and is content with this world and has no interest in the
Hereafter and does not submit, then his abode will be Hell. The
individual is theone who will benefit or harm himself. There is no
compulsion to chooseeither. Allaah says (interpretation of the
meaning):
"Verily, this (Verses of the Qur'aan) is an admonition, so whosoever
wills, let him take a Path to his Lord (Allaah)"
[al-Insaan 76:29]
From Usool al-Deen al-Islami by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ibraaheem al-Tuwayjri
meanings): "Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like"
[al-Qasas 28:56] and "And verily, you (O Muhammad) are indeed guiding
(mankind) to the Straight Path"[al-Shooraa 42:52]?
Praise be to Allaah.
Allaah has created man and given him reason, and He has sent down to
him Revelation and sent tohim Messengers to callhim to the truth and
warn him against falsehood. Then He has left him to make his own
choice.
"And say: 'The truth is from your Lord.' Then whosoever wills, let him
believe; and whosoever wills, let him disbelieve
[al-Kahf 18:29 – interpretation of the meaning]
Allaah commanded His Messenger Muhammad(peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) to convey the truth to all of mankind. Then they have the
choice to do as they wish. If a person obeys, he benefits himself, and
if he disobeys, he harms himself, as Allaah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
"Say: 'O you mankind! Now truth (i.e. the Qur'aan and Prophet
Muhammad), has come to you from yourLord. So whosoever receives
guidance, he does so for the good of his own self; and whosoever goes
astray, he does so to his own loss; and I am not (set) over you as a
Wakeel (disposer of affairs to oblige you for guidance)'"[Yoonus
10:108]
Islam is the religion ofthe natural state of man (fitrah), the
religion of reason and thought. Allaah has distinguished the truth
from falsehood. He has enjoined all that is good and forbidden all
that is evil. He has permitted good things and forbidden evil things.
There is no compulsion in religionbecause the benefits or harms come
back upon the created being, not upon the Creator. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):
"There is no compulsion in religion. Verily, the Right Path has become
distinct from the wrong path. Whoever disbelieves in Taaghoot (false
gods) and believes in Allaah, then he has grasped the most trustworthy
handhold that will never break"
[al-Baqarah 2:256]
And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"Whosoever does righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of)his
ownself; and whosoever does evil, it is against his ownself. And your
Lord is not at all unjust to (His) slaves"[Fussilat 41:46]
Guidance is in the hand of Allaah. If Allaah willed, He couldguide all
of mankind, for there is nothing that He cannot do on this earth or in
the heavens. Nothing happens in His Dominion except that which He
wills.
"Say: 'With Allaah is the perfect proof and argument, (i.e. the
Oneness of Allaah, the sending of His Messengers and His Holy Books,
to mankind); had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you
all'"[al-An'aam 6:149 – interpretationof the meaning]
But in His Wisdom, Allaah has created us with the ability to choose,
and He has sent down to us guidance and the Criterion. So whoever
obeys Allaah and His Messenger will enter Paradise and whoeverdisobeys
Allaah and His Messenger will enter Hell, as Allaah says
(interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Verily, proofs have come to you from yourLord, so whosoever sees,
will do so for (the good of) his ownself, and whosoever blinds
himself, will do so to his own harm, and I (Muhammad) am not a watcher
over you"[al-An'aam 6:104]
The Messenger(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) has no part
in guidance; all that he and the Muslims have to do is to explain and
convey the message, and show them guidance but they cannot force
people tofollow it, as Allaah said to His Messenger(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him)(interpretation of the meaning):
"And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of
them together. So, will you (O Muhammad) then compel mankind,
untilthey become believers"[Yoonus 10:99]
And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And the duty of the Messenger is only to convey (the Message)
plainly"[al-'Ankaboot 29:18]
Guidance to the truth is in the hand of Allaah alone and no human
being has any share in that, as Allaahsaid to His Messenger(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him)(interpretation of the meaning):
"Verily, you (O Muhammad) guide not whom you like, but Allaah guides
whom He wills. And He knows best those who are the guided[al-Qasas
28:56]
Allaah guides whomsoever He wills and sends astray whomsoever He
wills. He has told us that He guides those who obey Him and turn to
Him, as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
"While as for those who accept guidance, He increases their guidance
and bestowson them their piety"[Muhammad 47:17]
But whoever disobeys Allaah and turns away from Him, Allaah will not
guide him, as He says (interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Truly, Allaah guides not him who is a liar, and a disbeliever"
[al-Zumar 39:3]
Allaah is Omniscient and knows what has happened and is happening and
what is yet to come. Allaah knows the believers and the disbelievers,
and what they will do, and He knows what their fate will be in the
Hereafter. He has written all that inal-Lawh al-Mahfooz(the Preserved
Tablet), as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And all things We have recorded in a Book"[al-Naba' 78:29]
Allaah has created man with the ability to choose, and He has created
him able to doboth, either believer or disbelieve, as He says
(interpretation ofthe meaning):
"Verily, We showed him the way, whether he be grateful or
ungrateful"[al-Insaan 76:3]
Man has the choice in terms of his reason only; if he loses his reason
by which he is able to distinguish between the alternatives of good
and evil, truth and falsehood, then he is not accountable. Hence
according to Islamic sharee'ah, the pen is lifted from the insane
person (i.e., he is not accountable) until he recovers his senses, and
from the child until he reaches the age of understanding, and from the
sleeper until he wakes up. None of these people are accountable until
they gain or recover the reason by which they may distinguish between
the alternatives of faith and disbelief, truth and falsehood, and so
on.
Whatever direction a person takes, there will be reward and
punishment, If he obeys, there will be Paradise:
"Indeed he succeeds who purifies his ownself (i.e. obeys and performs
all that Allaah ordered, by following the true Faith of Islamic
Monotheism and by doing righteous good deeds"
[al-Shams 91:9 – interpretation of the meaning]
and if he disobeys, there will be Hell:
"And indeed he fails who corrupts his ownself (i.e. disobeys what
Allaah has ordered by rejecting the true Faith of Islamic Monotheism
or by following polytheism, or by doing every kind of evil wicked
deeds"[al-Shams 91:10 – interpretation of the meaning]
The choice of one of these two ways is something about which a person
will bequestioned by the Lord of the Worlds. Hence it is clear that
faith or disbelief, obedience or disobedience, is the matter of
personal choice. Allaah has made reward and punishment dependent upon
this choice:
"Whosoever does righteous good deed, it is for (the benefit of)his
ownself; and whosoever does evil, it is against his ownself. And your
Lord is not at all unjust to (His) slaves"[Fussilat 41:46]
Whoever loves Allaah and His Messenger and desires good in this world
and in the Hereafter, let him enter Islam, and whoever turns away from
that and is content with this world and has no interest in the
Hereafter and does not submit, then his abode will be Hell. The
individual is theone who will benefit or harm himself. There is no
compulsion to chooseeither. Allaah says (interpretation of the
meaning):
"Verily, this (Verses of the Qur'aan) is an admonition, so whosoever
wills, let him take a Path to his Lord (Allaah)"
[al-Insaan 76:29]
From Usool al-Deen al-Islami by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ibraaheem al-Tuwayjri
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