The Prophetwas keen to teach the believers theDu'aa' (supplication)
forIstikhaarah (seeking Allaah's guidance). Jaabirnarrated: "The
Prophetwould instruct us to pray for guidance in all of our concerns,
just as he would teach us a chapter from the Quran. Hewould say:"If
any of you intends to undertake a matter, then let him pray two
supererogatory Ra'kahs (units of prayer) after which he should
supplicate: "Allaahumma innee astakheeruka bi'ilmika wa astaqdiruka bi
qudratika wa asáluka min fadhlikal-'Atheem, fa innaka taqdiru wa laa
aqdir, wa ta'lamu wa laa a'lam, wa anta 'allaamul-Ghuyoob. Allaahumma
in kunta ta'lam inna– and here hementions his need – khayrun lee fee
deenee wa dunyay wa 'aaqibatu amree wa 'aajilihi wa aajilihi faqdurhu
lee wa yassirhu lee thumma baarik lee feeh, wa in kunta ta'lam inna
haatha al-Amra sharrun lee fee deenee wa dunyay wa 'aaqibatu amree wa
'aajilihi wa aajilihi fasrifhu 'annee wasrifnee 'anhu waqdur lee
al-Khayru haythu kaan thumma radh-Dhinee bih" (O Allaah! I seek Your
counsel by Your knowledge and by Your power I seek strength and I ask
You from Your immense favour, for indeed You are able while I am not
and indeed You know while I do not and You are the Knower of the
unseen. O Allaah! IfYou know this affair – and here he mentions his
need – to be good for me in relation to my religion, my life, and end,
then decree and facilitate it for me, and bless me with it; and if You
know this affair to be ill for me towards my religion, my life, and
end, then remove it from me and remove me from it, and decree for me
what is good wherever it be and make me satisfied with
such.)"[Al-Bukhaari]
The Benefits and Rulings of Istikhaarah:
1. This Hadeeth tells us the precise words with which to invoke Allaah
for guidance. There is, therefore, absolutely no doubt left about how
to seek guidance.
2. It is recommended to perform a two-Rak'ah prayer before the
Istikhaarah Du'aa' (supplication) is recited. Imaam Ibn Abu Jamrahwho
was one of the early scholars, stated: "The wisdom behind the
performance of the two-Rak'ah prayer before supplicating lies in the
fact that the purpose of Istikhaarah is to achieve success, both in
this life and in the Hereafter. For this purpose, the servant needs to
knock at the door of the King (i.e., Allaah) and nothing is better and
more effectivein this regard than praying to and glorifyingAllaah and
showing one'sneed for His bounty and constant assistance."
3- The believer should then praise Allaah Almighty as He deserves to
be praised, for Allaah loves that His servants do this.
4- An important rule for any Du'aa' is that one should ask Allaah by
His sublime Attributes; he should select that attribute which reflects
Allaah's power and ability to do the thing being asked of Him; one
should therefore supplicate by saying, for example: 'O Razzaaq (i.e.,
Provider)! Sustain me."
5- As with every Du'aa', the supplicant should have humility before
His Lord. The slave recognises that Allaah alone can do everything and
that there is no strength or power exceptHis, and that he is utterly
helpless without His Lord's help.
6- The Prophetwould teach his companions to begin their supplications
by asking Allaah for benefit and safety in their religion, for indeed
nothing is more precious than that and no calamityworse than its loss.
7- The Companionswere extremely diligent in performing Istikhaarah.
The Prophetwould teach his companionsto pray for guidance in all of
their concerns, just as he would teach them a chapter from the Quran.
Imaam Ibn Hajarstated that this shows thegreat importance of
consulting Allaah through supplication because it was mentioned here,
in the same breath, with the importance and necessityof reciting the
Quran in prayer.
What matters should Istikhaarah be performedfor?
The Hadeeth states that we should consult Allaah about all matters.
Imaam Ibn Abu Jamrahstated: "This is a general statement pertaining to
something specific. Istikhaarah should not beabout things understood
to be an obligation, nor about things that are known to be Haraam
(forbidden). For example,Salaat, (Prayer), is compulsory and so we
should not ask Allaah whether to perform it or not; when Allaah and
His Messengerhave made something clear to us we must accept it
completely."
Allaah confirms this by saying (what means):"It is not for a believing
man or a believing woman, when Allaah and His Messenger have decided
amatter, that they should [thereafter] have any choice about their
affair."[Quran 33:36]
This tells us that before we act, we should find out the Islamic
position regarding it and then comply accordingly. Istikhaarah is
performed for matters where we have a choice, (such as marrying a
particular person, buying a car, etc…) regardless of whether they are
small orbig matters or whether one finds them to be good or not. Yet
some people only resort to Istikhaarah when they are confused about a
matter; if they see good in it, they proceed, relying on their own
judgement, thus forgetting the Sunnah.
What does one do after performing Istikhaarah?
Once the Muslim has consulted his Creator about a particular
matterthrough Istikhaarah, he should proceed to undertake what he is
content with, relying on Allaah to achieve his purpose, fully
convinced that whatever Allaah wills happens, and whatever He does not
will, never happens.
It is not a condition that after Istikhaarah has been made, one should
expect a dream relating to something unusual happening, even though
Allaah may choose to make such things occur. Therefore, Istikhaarah
is, in essence, a form of faith-education, after which the Muslim
should proceed to undertake a matter with full confidence of his
success,having consulted his Creator in whom he has full confidence
and trust.
Thereafter, even if he faces difficulties, he never loses faith in the
wisdom of Allaah, because as a Muslim he does not see success merely
in worldly terms, for he is more concerned with the rewards and
blessings of the Hereafter. Part of his faith is the belief that
calamities may be of benefit to him in the sense that Allaah
forgiveshis sins if he is patient through them. When the believer
reaches this levelof understanding of Istikhaarah and the results it
brings about, his satisfaction will be great, as will be his
contentment and perseverance, Allaah willing, since he fully believes,
having consulted his Creator, that whatever the situation is, it is
his Lord'schosen one.
This increases his faith and he will never feel regret for anything he
misses in life, nor will he indulge in the use of the expression: "If
only this or that happened…" This level of understanding is
subsequently reflected in his personality to such anextent that he
will alwaysappear firm and self confident.
These etiquettes are derived from the aforementioned Hadeeth, which
many Muslims have unfortunately turned their backs to in lethargy and
absent mindedness.
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Islam is a religion of Mercy, Peace and Blessing. Its teachings emphasize kind hear tedness, help, sympathy, forgiveness, sacrifice, love and care.Qur’an, the Shari’ah and the life of our beloved Prophet (SAW) mirrors this attribute, and it should be reflected in the conduct of a Momin.Islam appreciates those who are kind to their fellow being,and dislikes them who are hard hearted, curt, and hypocrite.Recall that historical moment, when Prophet (SAW) entered Makkah as a conqueror. There was before him a multitude of surrendered enemies, former oppressors and persecutors, who had evicted the Muslims from their homes, deprived them of their belongings, humiliated and intimidated Prophet (SAW) hatched schemes for his murder and tortured and killed his companions. But Prophet (SAW) displayed his usual magnanimity, generosity, and kind heartedness by forgiving all of them and declaring general amnesty...Subhanallah. May Allah help us tailor our life according to the teachings of Islam. (Aameen)./-
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Wednesday, July 3, 2013
The Prayer of seeking Allaah's Guidance (Salaat Al-Istikhaarah)
Ruling on lifting the gaze to heaven when offering supplication (du‘aa’) following the prayer.
What is the ruling on looking to the sky whenoffering supplication
(du'aa') following the obligatory prayer?
Praise be to Allah.
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer, if it is always done raising the
hands, or is recited by everyone in unison, or the imam says du'aa'
and the people behind him say Ameen, is something for which there is
no basis, and it comes under the heading of innovations (bid'ah) that
are widespread nowadays. If it is free of these things, then there is
nothing wrong with it, because it is proven that the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) offered du'aa' before the
salaamat the end of the prayer and after it.
The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas were asked:
Is offering du'aa' after the obligatory prayer Sunnah? Should the
du'aa' be accompanied by raising the hands? Is raising the hands with
the imam better, or not?
They replied:
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer is not Sunnah if that is done
raising the hands, whether that is done by the imam on his own, or the
individual worshipper on his own, or by both of them. Rather it is an
innovation (bid'ah), because that is not reported from the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) or from any of his
Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). As for offering du'aa'
without that, there is nothing wrong with it, because there are some
hadeeths that speak of that. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah (7/103)
They also said: Saying du'aa' out loud following the five daily
prayers and the regular Sunnah prayers, or offering du'aa' in a
communal fashion on a regular basis is a reprehensible innovation,
because no such thing is proven in reports from the Prophet(blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) or from his Companions (may Allah be
pleased with them).
End quote from Fataawa Islamiyyah (1/319).
See also the answer to question no. 26279
Secondly:
Concerning the prohibition on the worshipper lifting his gaze to
heaven, there is the report that was narrated by al-Bukhaari (750)
from Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "What is the
matter withpeople who lift their gaze to heaven whilst praying?" And
he spoke sternly concerning that, until he said: "They should stop
that, or else their eyesight will be snatched away"
The reason for that is that lifting the gaze whilst praying is
contrary to proper focus (khushoo'), and it exposes the worshipper to
the risk of being distracted by what he sees.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him)
said:Because lifting the gaze to heaven is contrary to proper focus
(khushoo'),the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
stated that it is haraam and warned against it.
End quote from al-Qawaa'id an-Nooraaniyyah, p. 46
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) said: The words
"and lifting his gaze to heaven" mean it is makrooh (disliked) to lift
one's gaze to heaven whilst praying, whether that is when one is
reciting, or when one is bowing, or when one is rising from bowing, or
at any stage in the prayer, based on both evidence and reasoning.With
regard to the evidence, that is becausethe Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) said: "People should stop lifting their
gaze to heaven whilst praying, or else their eyesight will be snatched
away." In otherwords, either they should stop or this punishment will
be inflicted on them, which is that their eyesight willbe snatched
away, and will not be given back tothem. The Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) spoke sternly concerningthis matter. …
With regard to reasoning, that is because this reflects bad etiquette
towards Allah, may He beexalted, because the worshipper is standing
before Allah, so he should observe proper etiquette before Him, and
not lift his head; rather he should be humble. Hence 'Amr ibn al-'Aas
(may Allah be pleased with him) said that before he became Muslim, he
hated the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) so much
that he wished that he could be able to kill him. But when he became
Muslim, he said: I could not look directly at him, out of awe and
respect for him, and if you askedme to describe him I would not be
able to.
Hence the most correct (scholarly) view concerning lifting the gaze to
heaven whilst praying is that it is haraam, and not merely makrooh.
End quote.
Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' (3/226).
With regard to lifting the gaze to heaven outside of prayer, there is
nothing wrong with it,because there is no evidence to suggest that it
is not allowed; rather some of the fuqaha' were of the view that
lifting the gaze is preferable.
It says in al-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah (8/99): The Shaafa'is stated that
when offering du'aa' (supplication) outside of prayer, it is
preferable tolift the gaze to heaven. However, al-Ghazaali said: The
one who is offering supplication should not lift his gaze to heaven.
End quote.
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said in Sharh Muslim: al-Qaadi
'Iyaad said: They (the scholars) differed as to whether it is makrooh
to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' other than during the
prayer. Shurayh and others regarded it as makrooh, but the majority
regarded it as permissible. End quote.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: It is not makrooh to lift the gaze
to heaven when offeringdu'aa', because the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) did that. This is the view of Maalik and
ash-Shaafa'i. But it is notmustahabb. End quote.
Al-Fataawa al-Kubra (5/338)
Al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) included a chapter in
hisSaheeh entitled: Chapter on lifting the gaze to heaven, and he
quoted the verse in which Allah, may He be exalted, says
(interpretation of the meaning): "Do they not look at the camels, how
they are created? And at the heaven, how it is raised?" [al-Ghaashiyah
88: 17, 18]. And 'Aa'ishah(may Allah be pleased with her) said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) lifted his head
(andlooked) to heaven, i.e., when he died (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him).
What al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) meant here was to show
that it is permissible to lift the gaze to heaven, and thatthe
prohibition applies only to when one is praying. The fact that it is
permissible to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is indicated by the report was narrated by Muslim (2055) about
al-Miqdaad (may Allah be pleased with him) who drank the drink of the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) without his
knowledge. In this report it says: then he went to the mosque and
prayed. Then he came tohis drink and uncovered it, and he did not find
anything in it. He lookedup at the sky and I said: Now he is praying
against me and I am doomed. But he said: "O Allah, feed those who have
fed me and give drink to those who have given me to drink."
Abu Dawood (3488) narrated that Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with
him) said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) sitting by the Corner. He looked up at the sky and
smiled, then he said: "May Allaah curse the Jews" three times.
"Allaah, may He beexalted, forbade fat to them, but they sold it and
consumed its price. When Allaah forbids a people to eat a thing He
forbids its price to them."
Classed as saheeh by an-Nawawi in al-Majmoo', and by al-Albaani in
Saheeh Abi Dawood.
To sum up: lifting the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is permissible and there is nothing wrong with it.
And Allah knows best.
(du'aa') following the obligatory prayer?
Praise be to Allah.
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer, if it is always done raising the
hands, or is recited by everyone in unison, or the imam says du'aa'
and the people behind him say Ameen, is something for which there is
no basis, and it comes under the heading of innovations (bid'ah) that
are widespread nowadays. If it is free of these things, then there is
nothing wrong with it, because it is proven that the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) offered du'aa' before the
salaamat the end of the prayer and after it.
The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas were asked:
Is offering du'aa' after the obligatory prayer Sunnah? Should the
du'aa' be accompanied by raising the hands? Is raising the hands with
the imam better, or not?
They replied:
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer is not Sunnah if that is done
raising the hands, whether that is done by the imam on his own, or the
individual worshipper on his own, or by both of them. Rather it is an
innovation (bid'ah), because that is not reported from the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) or from any of his
Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). As for offering du'aa'
without that, there is nothing wrong with it, because there are some
hadeeths that speak of that. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah (7/103)
They also said: Saying du'aa' out loud following the five daily
prayers and the regular Sunnah prayers, or offering du'aa' in a
communal fashion on a regular basis is a reprehensible innovation,
because no such thing is proven in reports from the Prophet(blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) or from his Companions (may Allah be
pleased with them).
End quote from Fataawa Islamiyyah (1/319).
See also the answer to question no. 26279
Secondly:
Concerning the prohibition on the worshipper lifting his gaze to
heaven, there is the report that was narrated by al-Bukhaari (750)
from Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "What is the
matter withpeople who lift their gaze to heaven whilst praying?" And
he spoke sternly concerning that, until he said: "They should stop
that, or else their eyesight will be snatched away"
The reason for that is that lifting the gaze whilst praying is
contrary to proper focus (khushoo'), and it exposes the worshipper to
the risk of being distracted by what he sees.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him)
said:Because lifting the gaze to heaven is contrary to proper focus
(khushoo'),the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
stated that it is haraam and warned against it.
End quote from al-Qawaa'id an-Nooraaniyyah, p. 46
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) said: The words
"and lifting his gaze to heaven" mean it is makrooh (disliked) to lift
one's gaze to heaven whilst praying, whether that is when one is
reciting, or when one is bowing, or when one is rising from bowing, or
at any stage in the prayer, based on both evidence and reasoning.With
regard to the evidence, that is becausethe Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) said: "People should stop lifting their
gaze to heaven whilst praying, or else their eyesight will be snatched
away." In otherwords, either they should stop or this punishment will
be inflicted on them, which is that their eyesight willbe snatched
away, and will not be given back tothem. The Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) spoke sternly concerningthis matter. …
With regard to reasoning, that is because this reflects bad etiquette
towards Allah, may He beexalted, because the worshipper is standing
before Allah, so he should observe proper etiquette before Him, and
not lift his head; rather he should be humble. Hence 'Amr ibn al-'Aas
(may Allah be pleased with him) said that before he became Muslim, he
hated the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) so much
that he wished that he could be able to kill him. But when he became
Muslim, he said: I could not look directly at him, out of awe and
respect for him, and if you askedme to describe him I would not be
able to.
Hence the most correct (scholarly) view concerning lifting the gaze to
heaven whilst praying is that it is haraam, and not merely makrooh.
End quote.
Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' (3/226).
With regard to lifting the gaze to heaven outside of prayer, there is
nothing wrong with it,because there is no evidence to suggest that it
is not allowed; rather some of the fuqaha' were of the view that
lifting the gaze is preferable.
It says in al-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah (8/99): The Shaafa'is stated that
when offering du'aa' (supplication) outside of prayer, it is
preferable tolift the gaze to heaven. However, al-Ghazaali said: The
one who is offering supplication should not lift his gaze to heaven.
End quote.
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said in Sharh Muslim: al-Qaadi
'Iyaad said: They (the scholars) differed as to whether it is makrooh
to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' other than during the
prayer. Shurayh and others regarded it as makrooh, but the majority
regarded it as permissible. End quote.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: It is not makrooh to lift the gaze
to heaven when offeringdu'aa', because the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) did that. This is the view of Maalik and
ash-Shaafa'i. But it is notmustahabb. End quote.
Al-Fataawa al-Kubra (5/338)
Al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) included a chapter in
hisSaheeh entitled: Chapter on lifting the gaze to heaven, and he
quoted the verse in which Allah, may He be exalted, says
(interpretation of the meaning): "Do they not look at the camels, how
they are created? And at the heaven, how it is raised?" [al-Ghaashiyah
88: 17, 18]. And 'Aa'ishah(may Allah be pleased with her) said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) lifted his head
(andlooked) to heaven, i.e., when he died (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him).
What al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) meant here was to show
that it is permissible to lift the gaze to heaven, and thatthe
prohibition applies only to when one is praying. The fact that it is
permissible to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is indicated by the report was narrated by Muslim (2055) about
al-Miqdaad (may Allah be pleased with him) who drank the drink of the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) without his
knowledge. In this report it says: then he went to the mosque and
prayed. Then he came tohis drink and uncovered it, and he did not find
anything in it. He lookedup at the sky and I said: Now he is praying
against me and I am doomed. But he said: "O Allah, feed those who have
fed me and give drink to those who have given me to drink."
Abu Dawood (3488) narrated that Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with
him) said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) sitting by the Corner. He looked up at the sky and
smiled, then he said: "May Allaah curse the Jews" three times.
"Allaah, may He beexalted, forbade fat to them, but they sold it and
consumed its price. When Allaah forbids a people to eat a thing He
forbids its price to them."
Classed as saheeh by an-Nawawi in al-Majmoo', and by al-Albaani in
Saheeh Abi Dawood.
To sum up: lifting the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is permissible and there is nothing wrong with it.
And Allah knows best.
Dought & clear - Pilgrim doing ‘umrah in Ramadan not fasting if he has come from far away.
If a family does 'Umrah in the month of Ramadan, is it permissible for
them notto fast during their stay in Makkah al-Mukarramah, or should
they stop eating as soon as they arrive in Makkah?.
Praise be to Allaah.
If the pilgrim doing 'Umrah in Ramadan comes from a far land such as
Najd or elsewhere, then he is a traveller and he may break the fast on
the road, whether he is coming from Riyadh or al-Qaseem or Haa'il or
Madeenah. He may break the fast on the road and in Makkah. But if he
has decided to stay for more than four days, then when he reaches
Makkah, to be on the safe side he should fast and it is better to
fast, because the majority of scholars are of the view that if he has
made a firm decision to stay for more than four days, then he must
offer the prayers in full and not break the fast.
But if he has decided to stay for two or three or four days and no
more, then he may break the fast or he may fast, he may shorten the
four-rak'ah prayers to two rak'ahs, or he may offer the prayers in
full with the people. If he is alone, he should pray with the
congregation, but if there are other people with him, he has the
choice: if he wishes he may pray two rak'ahswith the people who
arewith him, or if they wish they may pray four rak'ahs with the
people in congregation. If their stay is more than four days, then
they should fast and offer the prayers in full, accordingto the
majority of scholars. End quote.
Shaykh 'Abd al-'Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allah havemercy on him).
Fataawa Noor 'ala al-Darb, 3/1231
them notto fast during their stay in Makkah al-Mukarramah, or should
they stop eating as soon as they arrive in Makkah?.
Praise be to Allaah.
If the pilgrim doing 'Umrah in Ramadan comes from a far land such as
Najd or elsewhere, then he is a traveller and he may break the fast on
the road, whether he is coming from Riyadh or al-Qaseem or Haa'il or
Madeenah. He may break the fast on the road and in Makkah. But if he
has decided to stay for more than four days, then when he reaches
Makkah, to be on the safe side he should fast and it is better to
fast, because the majority of scholars are of the view that if he has
made a firm decision to stay for more than four days, then he must
offer the prayers in full and not break the fast.
But if he has decided to stay for two or three or four days and no
more, then he may break the fast or he may fast, he may shorten the
four-rak'ah prayers to two rak'ahs, or he may offer the prayers in
full with the people. If he is alone, he should pray with the
congregation, but if there are other people with him, he has the
choice: if he wishes he may pray two rak'ahswith the people who
arewith him, or if they wish they may pray four rak'ahs with the
people in congregation. If their stay is more than four days, then
they should fast and offer the prayers in full, accordingto the
majority of scholars. End quote.
Shaykh 'Abd al-'Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allah havemercy on him).
Fataawa Noor 'ala al-Darb, 3/1231
Dought & clear - When was prayer madeobligatory? How did the Muslims pray before prayer was made obligatory?.
Is it true that prayer wasmade obligatory before the night of the
Isra'? Did the Messenger pray in the manner that we pray now, with the
samenumber of rak'ahs? When was prayer made obligatory at these
timesand in the manner that we pray now?
Praise be to Allah.
Al-Bukhaari (349) and Muslim (162) narrated from Anas ibn Maalik (may
Allah be pleased with him) the famous hadeeth of the Isra' (Prophet's
Night Journey) in which it is reported that the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said:
"Then Allah revealed what He revealed to me, and enjoined fifty
prayers on me every day and night. I came back down to Moosa
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and he said: What did your
Lord enjoin upon your ummah? I said: Fifty prayers. He said: Go backto
your Lord and ask Himto reduce it... I kept going back and forth
between my Lord, may He be blessed and exalted, and Moosa (peace be
upon him), until He said: 'O Muhammad, they are five prayers each day
and night, for every prayer there will be a tenfold (reward), and that
is fifty prayers."
The scholars are unanimously agreed that the five daily prayers were
not made obligatory until this night. See the answer to question no.
143111
See also Fath al-Baari by Ibn Rajab (2/104).
Al-Haafiz Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
On the night of the Isra', one and a half years before the Hijrah,
Allah enjoined upon His Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) the five daily prayers, and explained that there were
conditions and essential parts and other matters having to do with
them, bit by bit.
Tafseer Ibn Katheer (7/164).
Then Jibreel (peace be upon him) came down and taught the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the times of the prayers:
Al-Bukhaari (522) and Muslim (611) narrated from Ibn Shihaab that
'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Azeez delayed the prayer one day. 'Urwah ibn
az-Zubayr entered upon him and told him that al-Mugheerah ibn Shu'bah
delayed the prayer one day when he was in Kufah, and Abu Mas'ood
al-Ansaari entered upon him and said: What is this, O Mugheerah? Do
you not know that Jibreel came down and prayed, and the Messenger of
Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed, then he
prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) prayed, then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed, then he prayed and the
Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed,
then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him) prayed. Then he said: This is what has been
enjoined upon me. 'Umar said to 'Urwah: Think what you are narrating,
O 'Urwah! Is Jibreel the one who taught the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the times of the prayers?
'Urwah said: That is what Basheer ibnAbi Mas'ood used to narrate from
his father.
An-Nasaa'i (526) narrated that Jaabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be
pleased with him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) when the sun had
passed its zenith and said: Get up, O Muhammad. That was when the sun
had passed the meridian. Then he waited until the(length of) a man's
shadow was equal to hisheight, then he came to him for 'Asr and said:
Getup, O Muhammad, and pray 'Asr. Then he waited until the sun set,
then he came to him andsaid: Get up and pray Maghrib. So he got up and
prayed it when the sun had set fully. Then he waited until the
twilight had disappeared, then he came and said: Get up and pray
'Isha', so he gotup and prayed it… In thishadeeth it says: He (i.e.,
Jibreel) said: The period between two of these two times is the time
to pray.
Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh an-Nasaa'i.
'Abd ar-Razzaaq narrated in his Musannaf(1773) and Ibn Ishaaq narrated
in his Seerah – as it says in Fath al-Baari (2/286) – that this
happened on the morning after the night in which prayer was made
obligatory.
Al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
(The scholars) did not differ concerning the fact that Jibreel (peace
be upon him) came down on the morning following the night of the
Isra', when the sun passed its zenith, and taught the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the prayer and its timings.
End quote.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Jibreel's explanation of the timings of the prayercame on the morning
following the night of the Isra'. End quote.
Sharh al-'Umdah (4/148)
When the five daily prayers were first made obligatory, each prayer
was two rak'ahs, then after the Hijrah, that wasconfirmed in the case
of travel, and two rak'ahs were added for those who are not
travelling, except Maghrib, which remained as it was. Al-Bukhaari
(3935) and Muslim (685) narrated that 'Aa'ishah (may Allah be pleased
with her) said: Prayer was enjoined with two rak'ahs, then when the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) migrated, it was
enjoined with four rak'ahs, but prayer whilst travelling remained as
it had originally been.
The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and his
Companions used to pray before the five daily prayers were
madeobligatory.
It says in al-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah (27/52-53):
Prayer was originally enjoined in Makkah at the beginning of Islam,
because there are Makkan verses that wererevealed at the beginning of
the Prophet's mission that encourage praying. As for the five daily
prayers in the form that is well-known, they were made obligatory on
the night of the Isra' and Mi'raaj. End quote.
See also the answer to question no. 143111
Some of the scholars are of the view that prayer was made obligatory
at the beginning, two rak'ahs in the morning and two rak'ahs in the
afternoon.
Al-Haafiz (may Allah havemercy on him) said in al-Fath:
A number of scholars areof the view that before the Isra' there was no
obligatory prescribed prayer, but prayers wereoffered at night,
withoutany number of rak'ahs being specified. Al-Harbi was of the view
that prayer was made obligatory, two rak'ahs in the morning and two
rak'ahs in the afternoon.Ash-Shaafa'i narrated from some of the
scholars that prayer at night was obligatory, then it was abrogated by
the verse (interpretation of the meaning): "So, recite you of the
Quran as much as may be easy for you" [al-Muzammil 73:20]. So it
became obligatory to pray for part of the night. Then that was
abrogated by the five daily prayers. End quote.
He also said:
Before the Isra', the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) definitely used to pray, as did his companions, but there isa
scholarly difference of opinion as to whether any kind of prayer was
made obligatory before the five daily prayers or not. It was said that
what was obligatory at first was prayer before sunrise and prayer
before sunset. The evidence for that is the verse in which Allah, may
He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): "and glorify the
praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun, and before its
setting" [Ta-Ha 20:130], and similar verses. End quote.
See also Tafseer Ibn 'Atiyyah (1/204); at-Tahreer wa't-Tanweerby Ibn
'Ashoor (24/75).
And Allah knows best.
Isra'? Did the Messenger pray in the manner that we pray now, with the
samenumber of rak'ahs? When was prayer made obligatory at these
timesand in the manner that we pray now?
Praise be to Allah.
Al-Bukhaari (349) and Muslim (162) narrated from Anas ibn Maalik (may
Allah be pleased with him) the famous hadeeth of the Isra' (Prophet's
Night Journey) in which it is reported that the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said:
"Then Allah revealed what He revealed to me, and enjoined fifty
prayers on me every day and night. I came back down to Moosa
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and he said: What did your
Lord enjoin upon your ummah? I said: Fifty prayers. He said: Go backto
your Lord and ask Himto reduce it... I kept going back and forth
between my Lord, may He be blessed and exalted, and Moosa (peace be
upon him), until He said: 'O Muhammad, they are five prayers each day
and night, for every prayer there will be a tenfold (reward), and that
is fifty prayers."
The scholars are unanimously agreed that the five daily prayers were
not made obligatory until this night. See the answer to question no.
143111
See also Fath al-Baari by Ibn Rajab (2/104).
Al-Haafiz Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
On the night of the Isra', one and a half years before the Hijrah,
Allah enjoined upon His Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) the five daily prayers, and explained that there were
conditions and essential parts and other matters having to do with
them, bit by bit.
Tafseer Ibn Katheer (7/164).
Then Jibreel (peace be upon him) came down and taught the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the times of the prayers:
Al-Bukhaari (522) and Muslim (611) narrated from Ibn Shihaab that
'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Azeez delayed the prayer one day. 'Urwah ibn
az-Zubayr entered upon him and told him that al-Mugheerah ibn Shu'bah
delayed the prayer one day when he was in Kufah, and Abu Mas'ood
al-Ansaari entered upon him and said: What is this, O Mugheerah? Do
you not know that Jibreel came down and prayed, and the Messenger of
Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed, then he
prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) prayed, then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed, then he prayed and the
Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) prayed,
then he prayed and the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him) prayed. Then he said: This is what has been
enjoined upon me. 'Umar said to 'Urwah: Think what you are narrating,
O 'Urwah! Is Jibreel the one who taught the Messenger of Allah
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the times of the prayers?
'Urwah said: That is what Basheer ibnAbi Mas'ood used to narrate from
his father.
An-Nasaa'i (526) narrated that Jaabir ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be
pleased with him) said: Jibreel (peace be upon him) came to the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) when the sun had
passed its zenith and said: Get up, O Muhammad. That was when the sun
had passed the meridian. Then he waited until the(length of) a man's
shadow was equal to hisheight, then he came to him for 'Asr and said:
Getup, O Muhammad, and pray 'Asr. Then he waited until the sun set,
then he came to him andsaid: Get up and pray Maghrib. So he got up and
prayed it when the sun had set fully. Then he waited until the
twilight had disappeared, then he came and said: Get up and pray
'Isha', so he gotup and prayed it… In thishadeeth it says: He (i.e.,
Jibreel) said: The period between two of these two times is the time
to pray.
Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh an-Nasaa'i.
'Abd ar-Razzaaq narrated in his Musannaf(1773) and Ibn Ishaaq narrated
in his Seerah – as it says in Fath al-Baari (2/286) – that this
happened on the morning after the night in which prayer was made
obligatory.
Al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
(The scholars) did not differ concerning the fact that Jibreel (peace
be upon him) came down on the morning following the night of the
Isra', when the sun passed its zenith, and taught the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) the prayer and its timings.
End quote.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Jibreel's explanation of the timings of the prayercame on the morning
following the night of the Isra'. End quote.
Sharh al-'Umdah (4/148)
When the five daily prayers were first made obligatory, each prayer
was two rak'ahs, then after the Hijrah, that wasconfirmed in the case
of travel, and two rak'ahs were added for those who are not
travelling, except Maghrib, which remained as it was. Al-Bukhaari
(3935) and Muslim (685) narrated that 'Aa'ishah (may Allah be pleased
with her) said: Prayer was enjoined with two rak'ahs, then when the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) migrated, it was
enjoined with four rak'ahs, but prayer whilst travelling remained as
it had originally been.
The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) and his
Companions used to pray before the five daily prayers were
madeobligatory.
It says in al-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah (27/52-53):
Prayer was originally enjoined in Makkah at the beginning of Islam,
because there are Makkan verses that wererevealed at the beginning of
the Prophet's mission that encourage praying. As for the five daily
prayers in the form that is well-known, they were made obligatory on
the night of the Isra' and Mi'raaj. End quote.
See also the answer to question no. 143111
Some of the scholars are of the view that prayer was made obligatory
at the beginning, two rak'ahs in the morning and two rak'ahs in the
afternoon.
Al-Haafiz (may Allah havemercy on him) said in al-Fath:
A number of scholars areof the view that before the Isra' there was no
obligatory prescribed prayer, but prayers wereoffered at night,
withoutany number of rak'ahs being specified. Al-Harbi was of the view
that prayer was made obligatory, two rak'ahs in the morning and two
rak'ahs in the afternoon.Ash-Shaafa'i narrated from some of the
scholars that prayer at night was obligatory, then it was abrogated by
the verse (interpretation of the meaning): "So, recite you of the
Quran as much as may be easy for you" [al-Muzammil 73:20]. So it
became obligatory to pray for part of the night. Then that was
abrogated by the five daily prayers. End quote.
He also said:
Before the Isra', the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) definitely used to pray, as did his companions, but there isa
scholarly difference of opinion as to whether any kind of prayer was
made obligatory before the five daily prayers or not. It was said that
what was obligatory at first was prayer before sunrise and prayer
before sunset. The evidence for that is the verse in which Allah, may
He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): "and glorify the
praises of your Lord before the rising of the sun, and before its
setting" [Ta-Ha 20:130], and similar verses. End quote.
See also Tafseer Ibn 'Atiyyah (1/204); at-Tahreer wa't-Tanweerby Ibn
'Ashoor (24/75).
And Allah knows best.
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