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Thursday, June 13, 2013

Fathwa - It is permissible to offer prayer in trousers

Question
I read in an islamic book that the Prophet ( salilahu alayhi wasalam )
forbade praying in saraweel without a cloak over them. The reference
is Sunan Abu Dawood hadith number 594. So is it really impermissible
to pray in saraweel or did the Islamic book make a mistake?
Answer
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify
that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad
, is His Slave and Messenger.
The Hadeeth reported in Sunan Abu Daawood does not read like so;
rather, it states the prohibition of praying in Saraaweel (trousers)
without having Ridaa' which is the upper garment so that man's
shoulder may not become uncovered in prayer and that is something
prohibited. The Hadeeth does not prohibit offering prayer in
Saraaweel. Al-'Atheem Abaadi said in 'Awn Al-Ma'bood: " (The Prophet ,
prohibited) offering prayer in Saraaweel while having no Ridaa':
because one's shoulders will be exposed and they have tobe covered if
one is able to do so . The Prophet , said: " None of you should pray
in a single garment with nothing onhis shoulders. " [Al-Bukhaari] "
[End quote]
As for offering prayer in trousers, it is permissible,even if they are
tight though that is disliked according to some scholars.
For more benefit, please refer to Fatwa 81610 .
Allaah Knows best.

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Developing the Child's Sentiments - II

· Chastity and sincerity
Allaah The Almighty mentioned in His Book that one of the
characteristics of the faithful believers is their refraining from
committing whatis unlawful. He Says (what means): {…And they who guard
their private parts except from their wives or those their right hands
possess, for indeed, they will not be blamed.} [Quran 23:5-6] No
doubt, a chaste noble father begets chaste noble children like him.
Let the youth remember that the most precious wedding gift is chastity
prior and concomitant to marriage, along with sincerity to the spouse
afterwards.
Although some fathers during their youth were not chaste, they now
truly aspire and sincerely wish that their children would be saved
from immorality in this age of the AIDS epidemic.
So, parents should be a good model of chastity for their children, and
should not forget to clarify that in chastity, there is a promise of
happiness for those who have maintained their purityand controlled
their desires until they got married.
Of a surety, your comments on what they see in TV programs and serials
or read in books and articles should be studied, placing emphasis,
without ostentation, on the beauty of modesty and reverence for
religious commitment, and the outcomes of adherence to praiseworthy
manners, wherewith man, first, obtains thegood pleasure of Allaah The
Almighty, and, second, maintains his health, and becomes happy inthis
world and the Hereafter.
The rein of chastity is not intended to destroy man's freedom, as
alleged by those whofollow their whims. Nay! It is rather a tool to
benefit from, anddirect it for the good of people. In the absence of
the rein of chastity, it is, most likely, that theinstinct which is
lurking in the human depths, may be unleashedat any moment until it
ruins him and others along with him.
· Fulfillment of commitment
Always remind your child of the Quranic principle referred to by the
statement of Allaah The Almighty (what means): {…And fulfill [every]
commitment. Indeed, the commitment is ever [that about which one will
be] questioned.} [Quran 17:34]
Assure yourself as well as others, that you always fulfill your
promise and thus, are reliable. If you like to be worthy of others'
confidence, start with the simplest things: be exact in your
statements: tell a friend, for instance, that you would visit him at 7
pm, instead of the unspecified statement that you would pay him a
visit in the evening.
Tell your child that you would go no matter how busy you are because
you want to be with him while delivering his speech in the morning at
school; and thus, the children would keep their promises.
· Respect
The Messenger of Allaah, , said: "He is not one of my Ummah(nation),
who does not respect the old among us, nor have mercy upon the young
among us,nor estimate the right of the learned among us."
If we want to make our children respect others, we should first treat
them with respect, and make them feel that they are respected.
Unfortunately, a lot of fathers treat their children as objects and
not people, under the pretext that as long as the young are still
young, let them remain young. A father may say, for instance, "I told
you to do such and such a thing; and I am your father: do you
understand?"
Teach your child that respect is to behave politely, talk gently, and
hasten to obtain the contentment of the people after the good pleasure
of Allaah The Almighty.
I- Affection
It is due on you, O father, to clarify to your child that your
displeasure with his bad mannersdoes not affect your love for him.
Assure your children, again and again, and on every occasion, that you
love them all unconditionally. But this should not prevent you from
punishing anyone of them who deviates (from the right course),
neglects (his duties) and harms others, keeping in mind that punishing
him is intended to depreciate his disgraceful act but not to degrade
his person or indicate that you do not love him.
j- Favoring others over oneself ( Altruism)
Teach your children the significance of the Hadeeth (narration) of the
Messenger of Allaah, : "None of you shall have his faith (complete)
until he loves for his brother the same as he loves for himself."
Remind them that the men of Al-Madeenah Al-Munawwarah (the Ansaar )
were the masters of altruism in the past and present when they gave
shelter to and supported the Muhaajiroon who emigrated from Makkah,
and let them share with them all their possessions. Thereupon Allaah
The Almighty revealed in them Quranic verses to be recited to the Day
of Judgment in which He Says (what means): {And [also for]those who
were settled in Al-Madeenah and [adopted] the faith before them. They
love those who emigrated to them and find not any want in their
breasts of what the emigrants were given but give [them] preference
over themselves, even though they are in privation.} [Quran 59:9]
Teach them to feel the others' needs and that real happiness lies in
making others happy.
· Graciousness
Remind your children, from time to time, that the gentle well-mannered
polite person is closer to people's hearts and more ready to obtain
their affection and love.
Remind them of the Hadeeth ofthe Messenger of Allaah, : "The faithful
believer is he, who has affection (towards the people), and is loved
(by others); and there is no good in a believerwho neither has
affection (towards others), nor is loved (by others)."
Remind them also of the statement with which Allaah The Almighty
addressed His Prophet, (what means): {And if you hadbeen rude [in
speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you.
So pardon them.} [Quran 3:159]
Try to be affectionate and gracious with everyone including your
children, and say often the phrases of refinement like "Thankyou", "I
beg your pardon", and soon. Seek the aid of graciousness in all your
behavior.
· Justice
Be just between your children so that they would feel they are equal
in all things: none of them should be rewarded to the exclusion of
another, nor should anyone be punished apartfrom another.
In sum, it is not enough to plant those seeds in the hearts ofyour
children once in their lifetime: on the contrary, you have to look
after those plants within your children in order thatthey would grow
as they grow, and adhere to them throughout their life, perchance
anyone of them would become a good righteous child causing his
fatherto be happy in this World and after his death.

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Developing the Child's Sentiments - I

1- Teach values to your children:
The Islamic Sharee'ah (Islamic legislation) came to direct peopleto
the most upright way, and guide them to the straight path, which
conveys them to the happiness of both the World and the Hereafter. The
good manners mentioned and referred to by theQuran are beyond
calculation. Allaah The Almighty described HisMessenger Muhammad, , by
saying (what means): {And indeed, you are of a great moral character.}
[Quran 68:4]
It is out of His wisdom that Allaah The Almighty made Muhammad, , the
last of His Messengers, in this high rank of moral grandeur, for noble
humanmanners are the fruits of the faith in Allaah The Almighty, faith
in the resurrection and the Last Day. That is the significance of the
statement of the Prophet, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa salam : "I indeed
have been sent (as a Prophet) to perfect the noble manners."
Since this is the greatest attribute with which Allaah The Almighty
favored His Messenger, sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sal l am it becomes
incumbent upon us, as parents, to implant noble manners within our
children, andbring them up in accordance with these manners. We should
instruct them all the time and be good examples for them to follow.
But even then, there is no way to implant those virtues to be a part
of our children's conduct unless they are put into practice.
· Honesty
A parent should be fully truthful with his children: he has to answer
all their questions simply and truthfully. When watching a scene on
TV, clarify toyour children the consequences of deception, cheating
and stealing.
Remind your children of the statement of the Messenger of Allaah, :
"He has no faith who does not keep a trust, and he hasno faith who
does not respect hispledge." And the other statementof the Messenger,
: "Give back the trust to him who has entrusted you, and betray not
him who has betrayed you."
· Bravery
Praise your children for any attempt revealing praiseworthy enterprise
or courage, and reward the least initiative to bravery taken by anyone
of them,even if it appears during the first years (of childhood).
Demonstrate bravery in front of your children, and talk a lot about
it, and make your personality a model for them to imitate. It is good
to tell your children about the difficulties youhave faced throughout
your life, but not boastfully in so much as honestly in a way that
gives themthe impression that even older people face difficulties.
Teach them that bravery is to do what is correct and necessary, to
hasten to help others, to be careful to make the correct decision
before you confront any situation, and to seek the aid of Allaah The
Almighty before you start any task.
· Good treatment
Remind your children of the Quranic principle: {Repel [evil] by that
[deed] which is better; and thereupon the one whom between you and him
is enmity [will become] as though he was adevoted friend.} [Quran
41:34]
Teach them that had peopleadopted this principle, there would have
been neither disputes nor oppression, neither conflict nor quarrels
between them.
Teach them how to deal with people humbly and according to the basis
of forbearance and self-control; thatto behave humbly indicates power
rather than humiliation; and that the Messenger of Allaah, , commanded
us to behave humbly towards each other with neither mortification nor
transgression. He said: "Verily, Allaah revealed to me that 'You
should behave humbly, and transgress not against each other.'"
Furthermore, we should be lenient in all matters. In confirmation of
that, the Messenger of Allaah, , says: "No doubt, Allaah is lenient,
and He likes lenience, and Gives (as reward) for it what He does not
give for harshness."
Both quietness and self-control are among the supreme virtues, as
confirmed by the Messenger of Allaah, , in his statement: "Should I
not tell you from whom fire would be forbidden? The fire would be
forbidden from every tractable, well-mannered, lenient and easygoing
person." Teach them also that the Muslim, therefore, isloving and
loved by others.
By no means should the faithful believer be rude in speechand harsh in
heart, since Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {And if you had
been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded
from about you.} [Quran 3:159]
Teach them, from their earlychildhood, that good treatment is
practical and real. If your child makes noise in front of you, or
raises his voice while asking you for anything pressingly, tell him to
keep quiet first, and beware ofyielding to his anger. Control
yourself, and keep quiet. Then, take him somewhere and make him sit on
a chair. If you are convinced that his anger has calmed down, then,
give him the thing he asked for, while telling him that it is good
treatment andpeacefulness, and not noise which helped him get what he
wanted, and that noise brings about no good, and has no benefit.
· Independence
Teach your children that it isdue upon a man to work earnestly, as
Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {"Do [as you will], for Allaah
will see your deeds, and [so, will] His Messenger and the believers."}
[Quran 9:105] The Messenger of Allaah, , says in this respect: "No one
ever eats anything betterthan what he eats from the laborof his
hands."
Instruct them that children have to work seriously and energetically
in their study in order to depend on themselves when they grow up and
thus, be able to eat from the labor of theirown hands. Be a good
example for others to follow, and give them the impression that you
always seek to be better and higher not only in your work, but also in
all affairs of life.
Scrutinize your children and acknowledge their talents, and help them
detect their own selves. There is a fact admitted bythe educators, "
The children are not elastic dough which we couldmolded in anyway we
will." It is more correct to say that they are"but seedlings", which
have their characteristic properties: we can not transform the seed of
an oak tree into a pear tree, but we haveto endeavor to help each tree
grow according to its own properties.
Let your children break theirown records instead of comparing
themselves with others. For example, encourage them to get a higher
rank in theirschool year and be better than their achievement the year
before.
Praise every effort they exert, and teach them to say whenever they
fail to do a thing :"I am unable to do such and such; but I can do
such and such."
Make suggestions to your children more than commands asmuch as you
can, and ask whether they need your help, butdo not impose your help.
Try to make fewer decisions and give more encouragement toyour
children to help their talentsblossom. Do not tell your child,
atfirst, what to do, but let him know by himself what to do, and
remind him of what he could do, since reminder also benefits the
faithful believers.
Ask your child about his greatest point of weakness, and about his
biggest problem. Help him know that for every matter that worries him,
there is a certain solution, given the statement of Allaah The
Almighty(what means): {For indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.
Indeed, with hardship [will be] ease.} [Quran 94:5-6]
· Moderateness and temperance
Allaah The Almighty described the Muslim Ummah (nation) by saying
(what means): {And thus We have made you a just community.} [Quran
2:143]
Teach your children to be moderate in everything permissible as
regards food, drink, speech, sport, and pocket money. Teach them to
know the limits of the body and mind, and how to avoid extremism and
imbalance. Tell them the following:
- excess in eating makes you more fat.
- excess in playing may exhaustyou and tire your body.
- excess in watching TV may hinder you from study, let alone its other
negative effects.
- allow your children to spend their money by themselves.
- encourage your children to give in charity, even a small percentage
of their money to the poor and indigent.

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Seeking Knowledge

It has become one of the sources of social pride and the
characteristics of civilized familiesand high classes to send their
daughters without a Mahram (non-marriageable male) to studyin a
foreign country. They imbue this act with a religious form andsaid
that the Prophet, , said: "Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon
every Muslim." [Ibn Maajah (Al-Albaani: Saheeh )] They ignore the fact
that the knowledge meant in the Hadeeth (narration) is that knowledge
which draws the Muslim man andwoman nearer to Allaah The Almighty; not
the false knowledge which keeps them away from Him.
Some people nowadays have trespassed the limits of Sharee'ah (Islamic
legislation) and give the name "knowledge" to dancing, music, singing,
drama, cinema, theater, obscene stories and every means of immorality
and disbelief. Moreover, they call the study of means of Riba (usury)
and the sexual theories of Freud "knowledge"! They have become
impudent to the extent that they claim that the obligatory knowledge
meant in the Hadeeth of the Prophet, , is immoralitywhich is disguised
by the slogansof knowledge.
For the sake of clearing up any confusion, the knowledge meant in the
Hadeeth is what is necessary to know about religion; such as knowing
the two testimonies of faith and their meaning, prayer, fasting,
Zakaah (obligatory charity) for those who have the Nisaab (the minimum
taxable amount), Hajj for those who are able to perform it, the
rulings of transactions and trade for those who wish to trade, rulings
of Muzaara'ah (Crop Sharing) for those who wish to embark upon this
transaction; and by the sametoken everybody should learn therelevant
Sharee'ah (Islamic legislation) knowledge in his/her field.
This kind of knowledge is called "individual obligation" that every
Muslim must learn. Any additional knowledge is considered "communal
obligation" which when some Muslims learn, the other Muslims are not
required to learn. When no Muslims learn it, all of them bear guilt so
long as the branch of knowledge is needed. Allaah The Almighty Says
(what means): } And it is not for the believers to go forth [to
battle] all at once. For there should separate from every division of
them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion
andwarn their people when they return to them that they might be
cautious. { [Quran 9:122]
After teaching the children, boys and girls, the necessary knowledge
of religion; we shouldbring up each group according tothe needs of
natural disposition. The programs of teaching boys and girls cannot be
the same; otherwise, the matter would be like shoe factories whose
machines produce only one model. Unifying the educational programs of
boys and girls is the worst form of foolishness and ignorance. There
must be a difference in educational programs so that in the end we
would have mothers who are knowledgeable of how to raise their
children and manage their homes and families. They should also have
general knowledge about nursing, and some of themshould be specialized
in this branch of knowledge in order to nurse and treat women and
children. The girl should be aware of household management, sewing,
needle-work and cooking. She should learn how to bring up children in
a righteous manner.
These are the basics that every girl should master after knowing the
necessary matters of religion.Then, it is permissible for her to know
various branches of knowledge or become specializedin them if she has
the ability and desire. There is a wide sphere for this matter under
Sharee'ah as long as it remains within the limits of Sharee'ah and
there is nointermixing between the sexes, exposing of adornments or
spreading corruption and obscenity.
Dr. Alexis Carrel said that it is foolish to make the woman renounce
motherhood. Therefore, girls must not have the mental and material
training that the boys have. They must not be encouraged to have the
same goals as boys. Mentors must exert great effort and pay attention
to the physical and mental characteristics of the male and female and
their natural functions. There are differences between the sexes that
cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is inevitable that we take these
differences into account when building a civilized world.
He also said that it is a cause of wonder that programs of girls'
education do not include any detailed study of the young and their
mental and physiological characteristics. The natural function of the
woman must be returned to her. This function does not include
pregnancy only, but also includes taking care of her children.
Unfortunately, educational programs for girls and boys are similar all
over the world even in Arab and Islamic countries which,regrettably,
blindly follow the course of the West.
The words of Dr. Carrel with regard to the similarity of educational
programs offered to boys and girls and its danger to society are very
important because this approach leads to attempts to obliterate the
natural and biological differencesbetween boys and girls and their
ignorance of their role in life.

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