Women in Islam:, - Demands for Women's Rights

Women worldwide demand equal rights. There is not a system of law that
preserves, maintains and protects what are truly women's rights, as
much as Islamic law does, whether in the past or in modern times. This
willbe verified and substantiated in the following sections of the
book.
Sir Hamilton , the well-known English thinker and philosopher, stated
in his book on Islam and Arab Civilization :
"The rules, regulations and verdicts concerning women in Islam are
clear, frank and open. Islam capitalizes on the completecare that
should be given to the protection of a woman against anything that may
harm her personally, or cause ill-fame to her reputation or
character."
Gustave Le Bon , the well-known French thinker stated in his book "The
Arab Civilization" :
"Islamic virtuous deeds are not limited to honoring and respecting
women, but rather, we can add that Islam is the first religion to
honor and respect women. We can easily prove this by illustrating that
all religions and nations, prior to the advent of Islam, caused much
harm and insult to women."
[p.488]
He also points out:
"Matrimonial rights which have been stated and illustrated in
theGlorious Qur'an and by the interpreters of the meanings of the
Glorious Qur'an are far better than European matrimonial rights for
both husband and wife."
[p.497]
Over fourteen hundred years ago,Islam began to spread to the known
world from Makkah , and then Madinah , where the Prophetof Allah,
Muhammad bin Abdullah(Peace be upon Him) taught his message. Islam
spread its light through the teachings of the revealed scriptures of
the Glorious Book of Allah, the Qur'an, and the inspired traditions of
the Sunnah (Way) of Prophet (Peace be upon Him) which are the
undisputed basis of the Islamic law. The Islamic teachings and system
of law had a profound impact on the lives of the followers of Islam,
and consequently, this impact affected the societies in the landswhere
Muslims traveled and settled. Islam spread very rapidly in an
astounding manner in the known world and left a comprehensive system
of life thataddresses every human need.
Islam does not contradict, clash with or reject any of the lawful,
sound and meaningful requirements of the human being's existence,
which are essential to his continuity in life.In order to understand
changes that Islam brought for women, we must examine brieflythe
status of women prior to the advent of Islam in the Arab society and
other civilizations in the world.

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Fathwa, - Ruling on washing the testicles during Istinjaa’

Question
Is washing the testicles during Istinjaa' a Sunnah, a desirable act,
or merelya matter of hygiene?
Answer
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify
that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad
, is His Slave and Messenger.
Istinjaa' means cleaning the orifice of the private parts only,
unless the filth spreads around the outside area, then you should wash
the area were contamination occurred.
Washing one's testicles during Istinjaa' is not legislated in
Sharee'ah, yet there is no harm to wash them for more hygiene. In
fact, the majority of Muslim scholars stated that it is recommended to
wash the testicles after discharging pre-ejaculatory fluid. When 'Ali
asked the Prophet , about this, he replied: " Wash your penis and
testicles, and then perform ablution " [Abu Daawood]
The same narration was reported in Saheeh Al-Bukhaari and Saheeh
Muslim, but without mention of the testicles. While some scholars
considered this narrationto be weak, others considered it authentic
such as Imaam Abu 'Awaanah , An-Nawawi and Al-Haafith Ibn Hajar .
On the other hand, some scholars considered washing the testicles
after discharging pre-ejaculatory fluid as obligatory; since the use
of the imperative by the Prophet , entails obligation. The majority of
scholars interpreted the Hadeeth to denote that it is a recommended
act, or that it is to be done when traces of pre-ejaculatory fluid
stain the testicles.
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Fathwa, - Muslim jurists’ opinions on wiping over torn leather socks

Question
I was wearing socks believing that they covered all my feet. I was
surprised, after finishing prayer, to find that there was a hole in my
sock thesize of a fingerprint. My question is, were those prayers
valid? Should I make up for them ?
May Allaah reward you .
Answer
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify
that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad
, is His Slave and Messenger.
If this hole was above theankle, then there is no harm done; for it is
not on the area that should be washed during ablution. However, if
this hole was on the ankle or below it, then it is within the area of
ablution. Jurists' held different opinions on whether or not to wipe
over the socks in this case.
Imaam Ahmad 's school ofFiqh ruled that it is impermissible as they
would not cover the whole foot, and this is one of the opinions of
Imaam Ash-Shafi'i as well.This is because what is uncovered should be
washed and what is covered should be wipedover, and if these two
events combine, then washing takes precedence as if the feet became
fully uncovered.
Abu Haneefah 's school ofFiqh ruled that if the tear reaches the size
of three fingers, then it is impermissible to wipe over them during
ablution, and if it were less than that, it is permissible.
Imaam Maalik 's school of Fiqh ruled that if the holeis the third of
the size of the socks, then it is impermissible to wipe over them
during ablution, and if it were less than that, it is permissible.
The scholars who adopted this opinion relied on the generality of the
narrations on wiping over the leather socks; they did not specify that
leather socks should be free from any kind of tears or holes. As long
as one can walk with the leather socks, then they are just like
thegood ones. Besides most of the late Arabs' leather socks were torn,
and the Prophet , commanded the Companions to wipe over them without
givingany details. Thus, the ruling is applied to the people's
commonly worn leather socks at that time,most of which were
torn.Additionally, if these leather socks were prohibited for one in
the state of Ihraam to wear them, and wearing them entails expiation,
then it is permissible to wipe over them in ablution just like those
that are free of tears.
Hence, it is permissible towipe over torn leather socks as long as the
tears are small, based on the previously-mentioned evidence.
Socks take the same ruling as leather socks; accordingly, this tear,
which is the size of a fingerprint, is considereda small tear and it
is permissible to wipe over the socks. Therefore, your ablution was
valid and you do not have to make up for those prayers.
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Fathwa, - No Ablution for the Amputated Limb

Question
I am handicapped; my legs are amputated approximately 15 cm below the
knee. Do I have to wash my amputated legs during ablution or should I
wipeover my artificial limbs orwhat should be done in this regard ?
May Allah reward you .
Answer
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify
that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad
, is His Slave and Messenger.
If the amputee still has parts of the amputated limbs, which should be
washed during ablution, then he is unquestionably obliged to wash
them. However, if the limbs were amputated above the part which should
be washed during ablution, then he is unquestionably not obliged to
wash them.
If the amputee has his legs severed from the ankles, or the arms were
amputated from the elbows, then he should wash the ends of his legs
and arms. However, other scholars believed that it is merely
recommended to wet thetips of the amputated limbs, which are among the
parts of the body thatrequire ablution.
Hence, if your legs were amputated above the ankle joint, as it seems
from your question, then you are not obliged to wash the amputated
legs or wipe over the artificiallimbs; for Allaah The Exalted Enjoined
washingthe feet up to the ankle for ablution; Allaah The Exalted Says
(what means): { And wash your feet to the ankles. } [Quran 5:6] The
obligation is removed if the organ involved is removed.
Allaah Knows best.

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