Examples of Strength in Faith in the Lives of the Prophets, may Allaah
exalt their mention
Anyone who reads the books of Sunnah and Seerah (biography), and
reviews the stories of the Prophets and Messengers, will find that
strength in practicing the religion, facing the disbelievers, as well
as in calling others to Allaah The Almighty was evident in their
lives.
Prophet Nooh (Noah) was engaged in Da'wah (propagation to Islam) day
and night, in secret and in open; it was said that he even went to
their homes to preach to them. However, his people would make him
bleed until he would faint; and even then, whenever he would regain
consciousness, he would say to them, "Worship Allaah, for you have no
deity other than Him." For nine hundred and fifty years, he persevered
in his Da'wah and in the end, only a few people had believed in him.
Did he lose heart or discontinue his Da'wah? Never!
In fact, he was ordered to build a ship, which he did on land, knowing
well that Allaah The Almighty would set it to sail and anchor it. So,
whenever someof his people passed by and mocked him, he would simply
respond with what is stated in the verse (which means): {If you
ridicule us, then we will ridicule you just as you ridicule.} [Quran
11:38]
Likewise, Prophet Ibraheem (Abraham) demolished the idols of his
people, invited his father to Islam, confronted his people and debated
An-Namrood (Nimrod), who dominated the world in his time. He also left
Haajar (Hagar) and Ismaa'eel (Ishmael), may Allaah exalt their
mention, in a desolate place, even set about slaughtering his son in
order to obey the order of Allaah The Almighty, traveled the world,
strove in His cause not fearing any earthly power and openly declared
that he set out to his Lord and His guidance. Allaah The Almighty
describes him, Saying (what means): {Indeed, Abraham was a
[comprehensive] leader, devoutly obedient to Allaah, inclining toward
truth, and he was not of those who associate others with Allaah. [He
was] grateful for His favors. Allaah chose him and guided him to a
straight path.} [Quran 16:120-121]
Similarly, Prophet Moosaa (Moses) challenged Pharaoh who claimed
Lordship and Divinity; he even defied the magicians who were said to
number seventy thousand. Thus, the young woman in Madyan, where he had
set out to, said about him (what means): {O my father, hire him;
surely the most charitable [man] you [can hire is the [one who is]
powerful [and] trustworthy.} [Quran 28:26] The strength of Prophet
Moosaa was evident in his preaching to the Children ofIsrael, patience
with them and invitation of them to adhere firmly to the religion of
Allaah The Almighty, Who quotes him, Saying (what means): {Seek help
through Allaah and be patient. Indeed, the earth belongs to Allaah. He
causes to inherit it whom He wills of His servants. And the [best]
outcome is for the righteous.} [Quran 7:128] It also manifested in the
manner in which he honored the symbols ofAllaah The Almighty, as well
as when he dropped the Tablets andseized his brother by his hair,
pulling him toward him.
Anyone who reads the Seerah of Prophet Muhammad will, too,find
faith-related strength perfectly highlighted in his Da'wah and
endurance of the harms that his people inflicted onhim and his noble
Companions . Nonetheless, his response was: "If they put the sun in my
right hand and the moon in my left, in order to [make me] abandon this
[mission], I would not do so until Allaah makes it reign supreme or I
perish in its defense."
The disbelievers first made generous offers to him so that hewould
renounce the Da'wah, but he remained persistent. They then
collaborated to kill him, but Allaah The Almighty saved him. He had to
emigrate from the most lovable city to his Lord and to himself, and
yet, he never forsook striving for Him in Makkah or Madeenah.
Not only was he endowed with strength in faith, but also physical
prowess. He was always resolute, even in the heat of battle, so much
so that the courageous among the Companions would even seekrefuge with
him. On the day of the campaign of Hunayn, when Muslims were in the
throes of what seemed like defeat, he continued to declare, "I am the
Prophet, [that is] no lie; I am the son of 'Abdul-Muttalib" until his
Companions gathered aroundhim. He triumphed over Rukaanah, one of the
Arabs famous for his strength, in wrestling, thrice.
The Mother of the Believers, Khadeejah would provide Muhammad with
food, when he would seclude himself to worship Allaah The Almighty in
the cave of Hiraa' for many consecutive nights. This happened before
his Bi'thah (commissioning as a Prophet); indeed, who can do this now?
The righteous predecessors
If we examine the circumstances of the righteous predecessors, we will
also observe their truthful obedience, with power and determination,
and without any change or alteration.
The righteous man mentioned in the Chapter Yaaseen, for
instance,witnessed the death of the messengers, yet, he came from the
farthest end of the city in an attempt to revive the faith and
addressed the people, saying (what means): {O my people, follow the
messengers. Follow those who do not ask of you [any] payment, and they
are [rightly] guided.} [Quran 36:20-21]Was he not afraid of being
harmed or killed? Why did he not take [the safety of] his home and
family into consideration? The truth is that he entrusted his affairs
to Allaah The Almighty, convinced that He would not fail His allies
who strictly follow his Sharee'ah in good and bad times.When they took
him and killed him, he advised them then as he would in his lifetime;
Allaah The Almighty quotes him, Saying (what means): {I wish my people
could know. Of how my Lord has forgiven me and placed me among the
honored.} [Quran 36:26-27] However, they were worthless in the sight
of Allaah The Almighty as He continues to Say (what means): {And We
did not send down upon his people after him any soldiers from the
heaven, nor would We have done so. It was not but one shout,
andimmediately they were extinguished. How regretful for the servants.
There did not come to them any messenger except that they used to
ridicule him.} [Quran 36:28-30]
Unwavering faith and profound conviction were the main factors behind
the attitude [and actions] of those known as the Companions of the
Cave, the lone believer in the family of Pharaoh and those thrown in a
ditch because of their faith, as well as the infant 'Abdullaah, among
them.
How else would we interpret the case of Sumayyah, her husband Yaasir
and their son 'Ammaar ? They were tortured in the cause of Allaah The
Almighty and yet, they firmly adhered to His obedience. In the same
way, the disbelievers would put Bilaal under the burning sun with his
back loaded with rocks. Despite that, he would intone: "[Allaah
is]One, [Allaah is] One." A lady known as Umm Tameem would also heat
pieces of iron until they turned red and place them on hishead until
he writhed in pain.
Tortured people on earth are many; some of them have been imprisoned,
killed or banished, while others' heads were even sawed off and yet
others cut withcombs of iron separating their flesh and bones.
However, all thisdoes not cause the strong ones to renounce their
religion.
The Prophet too, suffered many hardships, as none on earth was harmed
like him at thetime. But, he neither faltered nor submitted and would
rather say, "Sufficient for us is Allaah, and Heis the best Disposer
of affairs."
Indeed, this is a call to Muslims torespond to [this attitude of] the
Messenger of Allaah and follow him. We must not believe in a part of
the Quran and disbelieve in its other sections, for anyone who does so
will be subjected to the severest of punishments; and, as Allaah The
Almighty Says (what means): {Your Lord is not unaware of what you do.}
[Quran 28:93]
Let us beware of the traits of hypocrites, who worship Allaah The
Almighty only in times of welfare, as He Says (what means): {And of
the people is he who worships Allaah on an edge. If he is touched by
good, he is reassured by it; but if he is struck by trial, he turns on
his face [to the other direction]. He has lost [this] world and the
Hereafter. That is what is the manifest loss.} [Quran 22:11] He also
cautions, Saying (what means): {Those whotake disbelievers as allies
instead of the believers. Do they seek with them honor [through
power]? But indeed, honor belongs to Allaah entirely.} [Quran4:139]
Tomorrow, when the Day of Judgment will arrive and anything that was
concealed will be exposed, the hypocrites will be shown their deeds,
which Allaah describes, Saying (what means): {Their deeds are like a
mirage in a lowland which a thirsty one thinks is water until, when he
comes to it, he finds it isnothing but finds Allaah before Him, and He
will pay him in full his due; and Allaah is Swift in account.} [Quran
24:39]
Thus, we will not be excused for our [feebleness that is apparent in
our] amending and replacing the Sharee'ah of Allaah, when even
Prophets, may Allaah exalt their mention, would say (what means): {It
is not for me to change it on my own accord. I only follow what is
revealed to me.} [Quran 10:15]
We must not take concessions or coercion as pretexts. Life is of
little worth and Paradise is a precious commodity; that is why the
noble free people prefer theirdemise to humiliation. Indeed, death in
the cause of obeying Allaah is far better than a life of defiance.
Regarding the destruction of our enemies, it lies in their boasting of
their power, as Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {As for 'Aad,
they were arrogant upon the earth without right andsaid, 'Who is
greater than us in strength?' Did they not consider that Allaah Who
created them is greater than them in strength? But they were rejecting
Our signs.} [Quran 41:15]
Hence, though our bodies may become frail, our faith and conviction
must not. O servants of Allaah The Almighty! Abide by His religion
with strength and steadfastness, for anyone who retreats, does so only
to the detriment of him/herself. Allaah The Almighty Says (what
means): {And if you turn away, He will replace you with another
people; then they will not be the likes of you.} [Quran 47:38] - -
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Islam is a religion of Mercy, Peace and Blessing. Its teachings emphasize kind hear tedness, help, sympathy, forgiveness, sacrifice, love and care.Qur’an, the Shari’ah and the life of our beloved Prophet (SAW) mirrors this attribute, and it should be reflected in the conduct of a Momin.Islam appreciates those who are kind to their fellow being,and dislikes them who are hard hearted, curt, and hypocrite.Recall that historical moment, when Prophet (SAW) entered Makkah as a conqueror. There was before him a multitude of surrendered enemies, former oppressors and persecutors, who had evicted the Muslims from their homes, deprived them of their belongings, humiliated and intimidated Prophet (SAW) hatched schemes for his murder and tortured and killed his companions. But Prophet (SAW) displayed his usual magnanimity, generosity, and kind heartedness by forgiving all of them and declaring general amnesty...Subhanallah. May Allah help us tailor our life according to the teachings of Islam. (Aameen)./-
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Friday, April 12, 2013
Strength in Faith – a Virtue of the Believers - II
Strength in Faith – a Virtue of the Believers – I
Strength in religion, determination in practicing it andpatience in
enduring hardships for its sake constitute an aspect of true mettle.
Such is the personality of Prophets, Messengers and those who follow
them willingly and sincerely until the Day of Judgment. Some of their
other qualities are their strict adherence to the religion of Allaah
The Almighty and assertion of truth openly in the face of oppressors
and tyrants. Indeed, even one person with these abilities is better
than masses who fulfill the wishes anddemands of the dissolute
disbelievers, even if only in words.
This strength in faith yields the love and pleasure of Allaah The
Almighty. He even ordered His Prophets, may Allaah exalt their
mention, to possess it, such as in the verse (which means): {O
Yahya(John), take the Scripture powerfully} [Quran 19:12];
"powerfully" here means ardently, keenly and persistently.
Allaah The Almighty also commanded Moosaa (Moses) Saying (what means):
{Take them with power [determination] and order your people to take
the best of it.} [Quran 7:145] His instructions to the Children of
Israel were similar, when He Said (what means): {Take what We have
given you with power [determination].} [Quran 2:63] Mujaahid
commented, "'Withpower' denotes practicing what it calls for; it also
refers to obedience and due diligence."
The Children of Israel were oppressed by Pharaoh, who claimed Lordship
and Divinity. He used to slay their male newbornsand let their girls
live; he would also employ them in forced labor.Yet, they were not
ordered to submit, accept humiliation and adjust to their suffering
and painful reality; they could not change faith-related concepts and
declare prohibitions as lawful or render what is allowed as
impermissible, as some peoplecall for today and others actually do in
practice. Instead, the Children of Israel were ordered bythe verse
(which means): {Take what We have given you with power
[determination].} [Quran 2:63]
Unfortunately, the reality of our lives contradicts these meanings, as
if we do not heed a lesson, for the affliction, persecution and
domination of enemies cannot cease, except when we have unwavering
conviction and deep-rooted faith. Verily, this is the only escape from
tribulations in life, as there is no refuge from Allaah The Almighty
except with Him and no protection from His decree except for the mercy
He confers on people.
Despite that, we continue to be like an individual seeking shelter
from the scorching sun in fire or like dehydrated donkeys about topass
out in the extremely hot weather even though they are carrying water
on their backs. Wecontinue to commit sins, contravene the religion of
Allaah The Almighty, alter the concept of allegiance [to believers]
and disassociation [from disbelievers], and modify Islamic rules in
our educational system, media and in both public and private spheres
of life. All this is done to appease those who oppose Islam. Thus, it
only increases us in weakness and them in their transgression. We
behave as if we have no way out of this harsh reality and that we
cannot pursue the means of real power or possess the ability to
restrain our enemies from persisting in their corruption
andaberration.
In fact, some of us, when afflicted with a calamity, seek help from
creatures, even from these very rivals of ours, as if we were sheep
asking foxes to protect us. Even the disbelievers would sincerely
supplicate to Allaah The Almighty for salvation when they were at sea;
then, they used to throw their idols in the sea and ask for help from
Him. How could such enemies of Islam guide us while Allaah The
Almighty has led them astray? Will they raise us to an honorablestatus
while He has humiliated them? Allaah The Almighty Says (what means):
{Here you are loving them but they are not loving you.} [Quran 3:119]
Indeed, power cannot be sought from creatures; even the Muslims of
them are still weak. Therefore, how can we seek it from our enemies
even as their appearancebetrays vehement hatred and their hearts
conceal what is even greater?
True strength only transpires when we apply the divine revelation,
work for the Hereafterand our hearts rely willingly and lovingly only
on Allaah The Powerful and the firm Possessor of strength, Who Says
(what means):
• {Indeed, it is your Lord Who is the Powerful, the Exalted in might.}
[Quran 11:66]
• {And Allaah will surely support those who support Him. Indeed,
Allaah is Powerful and Exalted in might.} [Quran 22:40]
• {Allaah has written, "I will surely overcome, I and My messengers."
Indeed, Allaah is Powerful and Exalted in might.} [Quran 58:21]
Allaah The Almighty has also ordered us to prepare ourselves against
our rivals and pursue the means of power, whether material or
psychological, such aswhen He Says (what means): {Andprepare against
them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war by which you
may terrify the enemy of Allaah and your enemy.} [Quran 8:60]
Furthermore, the Prophet symbolically said: "Indeed, poweris archery."
[Muslim]
But, the greatest form of power is that of belief and conviction. Abu
Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet said: "A strong believer is better
and more lovable to Allaah than a weak believer; and there is good in
each. Seek what gives you benefit[in the Hereafter] and seek help from
Allaah and do not lose heart..." [Muslim]
The disbelievers may dominate Muslim countries and consequently some
of us start to cower in fear, weakening our Ummah (nation) by this
attitude and exaggerating the power of the enemy. This is, in fact,
the outcome of our weak faith and the effects of Satan on us, as
Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {That is only Satan who
frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if
you are [indeed] believers.} [Quran 2:175]
Our standards have been reversedso much so that we have becomelike
lions in dealing with the righteous and like ostriches in facing the
disbelieving enemies. However, we must be, as Allaah The Almighty Says
(what means): {Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah; and those with him
are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves.}
[Quran 48:29]
Ibn 'Abbaas recounted that the people who gave the pledge to the
Prophet at Al-Hudaybiyah were forceful with the disbelievers, like a
lion is withhis prey. Indeed, this is the characteristic of true
believers; they are tough and severe with those who do not believe,
and merciful and good with the righteous. When they encounter those
who refuse to have faith, they have a surly and angry countenance;
and, they wear a smiling and cheerful face for theirMuslim brothers,
as stated by IbnKatheer .
The Prophet himself, used to be patient in the face of personal harms
that afflicted him. However, if the matter was related to Allaah The
Almighty, hewould implement His directives as forcefully as He
decreed. Truly, this strength is the best way to deter the
disbelievers and those who flout the limits of Allaah, and it also
helps to achieve security.
enduring hardships for its sake constitute an aspect of true mettle.
Such is the personality of Prophets, Messengers and those who follow
them willingly and sincerely until the Day of Judgment. Some of their
other qualities are their strict adherence to the religion of Allaah
The Almighty and assertion of truth openly in the face of oppressors
and tyrants. Indeed, even one person with these abilities is better
than masses who fulfill the wishes anddemands of the dissolute
disbelievers, even if only in words.
This strength in faith yields the love and pleasure of Allaah The
Almighty. He even ordered His Prophets, may Allaah exalt their
mention, to possess it, such as in the verse (which means): {O
Yahya(John), take the Scripture powerfully} [Quran 19:12];
"powerfully" here means ardently, keenly and persistently.
Allaah The Almighty also commanded Moosaa (Moses) Saying (what means):
{Take them with power [determination] and order your people to take
the best of it.} [Quran 7:145] His instructions to the Children of
Israel were similar, when He Said (what means): {Take what We have
given you with power [determination].} [Quran 2:63] Mujaahid
commented, "'Withpower' denotes practicing what it calls for; it also
refers to obedience and due diligence."
The Children of Israel were oppressed by Pharaoh, who claimed Lordship
and Divinity. He used to slay their male newbornsand let their girls
live; he would also employ them in forced labor.Yet, they were not
ordered to submit, accept humiliation and adjust to their suffering
and painful reality; they could not change faith-related concepts and
declare prohibitions as lawful or render what is allowed as
impermissible, as some peoplecall for today and others actually do in
practice. Instead, the Children of Israel were ordered bythe verse
(which means): {Take what We have given you with power
[determination].} [Quran 2:63]
Unfortunately, the reality of our lives contradicts these meanings, as
if we do not heed a lesson, for the affliction, persecution and
domination of enemies cannot cease, except when we have unwavering
conviction and deep-rooted faith. Verily, this is the only escape from
tribulations in life, as there is no refuge from Allaah The Almighty
except with Him and no protection from His decree except for the mercy
He confers on people.
Despite that, we continue to be like an individual seeking shelter
from the scorching sun in fire or like dehydrated donkeys about topass
out in the extremely hot weather even though they are carrying water
on their backs. Wecontinue to commit sins, contravene the religion of
Allaah The Almighty, alter the concept of allegiance [to believers]
and disassociation [from disbelievers], and modify Islamic rules in
our educational system, media and in both public and private spheres
of life. All this is done to appease those who oppose Islam. Thus, it
only increases us in weakness and them in their transgression. We
behave as if we have no way out of this harsh reality and that we
cannot pursue the means of real power or possess the ability to
restrain our enemies from persisting in their corruption
andaberration.
In fact, some of us, when afflicted with a calamity, seek help from
creatures, even from these very rivals of ours, as if we were sheep
asking foxes to protect us. Even the disbelievers would sincerely
supplicate to Allaah The Almighty for salvation when they were at sea;
then, they used to throw their idols in the sea and ask for help from
Him. How could such enemies of Islam guide us while Allaah The
Almighty has led them astray? Will they raise us to an honorablestatus
while He has humiliated them? Allaah The Almighty Says (what means):
{Here you are loving them but they are not loving you.} [Quran 3:119]
Indeed, power cannot be sought from creatures; even the Muslims of
them are still weak. Therefore, how can we seek it from our enemies
even as their appearancebetrays vehement hatred and their hearts
conceal what is even greater?
True strength only transpires when we apply the divine revelation,
work for the Hereafterand our hearts rely willingly and lovingly only
on Allaah The Powerful and the firm Possessor of strength, Who Says
(what means):
• {Indeed, it is your Lord Who is the Powerful, the Exalted in might.}
[Quran 11:66]
• {And Allaah will surely support those who support Him. Indeed,
Allaah is Powerful and Exalted in might.} [Quran 22:40]
• {Allaah has written, "I will surely overcome, I and My messengers."
Indeed, Allaah is Powerful and Exalted in might.} [Quran 58:21]
Allaah The Almighty has also ordered us to prepare ourselves against
our rivals and pursue the means of power, whether material or
psychological, such aswhen He Says (what means): {Andprepare against
them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war by which you
may terrify the enemy of Allaah and your enemy.} [Quran 8:60]
Furthermore, the Prophet symbolically said: "Indeed, poweris archery."
[Muslim]
But, the greatest form of power is that of belief and conviction. Abu
Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet said: "A strong believer is better
and more lovable to Allaah than a weak believer; and there is good in
each. Seek what gives you benefit[in the Hereafter] and seek help from
Allaah and do not lose heart..." [Muslim]
The disbelievers may dominate Muslim countries and consequently some
of us start to cower in fear, weakening our Ummah (nation) by this
attitude and exaggerating the power of the enemy. This is, in fact,
the outcome of our weak faith and the effects of Satan on us, as
Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {That is only Satan who
frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if
you are [indeed] believers.} [Quran 2:175]
Our standards have been reversedso much so that we have becomelike
lions in dealing with the righteous and like ostriches in facing the
disbelieving enemies. However, we must be, as Allaah The Almighty Says
(what means): {Muhammad is the Messenger of Allaah; and those with him
are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves.}
[Quran 48:29]
Ibn 'Abbaas recounted that the people who gave the pledge to the
Prophet at Al-Hudaybiyah were forceful with the disbelievers, like a
lion is withhis prey. Indeed, this is the characteristic of true
believers; they are tough and severe with those who do not believe,
and merciful and good with the righteous. When they encounter those
who refuse to have faith, they have a surly and angry countenance;
and, they wear a smiling and cheerful face for theirMuslim brothers,
as stated by IbnKatheer .
The Prophet himself, used to be patient in the face of personal harms
that afflicted him. However, if the matter was related to Allaah The
Almighty, hewould implement His directives as forcefully as He
decreed. Truly, this strength is the best way to deter the
disbelievers and those who flout the limits of Allaah, and it also
helps to achieve security.
Damage and Damages
Allaah The Most High has prohibited usurping other people's property
and has imposed liability for whatever is damaged of the property
taken without right even if by mistake. Whoever damages another's
property - and this being considerable - without its owner's
permission, is financially liable to make up for it.
Imaam Al-Muwaffaq said: "There is no juristic disagreementin this
regard, whether the damage is intentional or not, andwhether the one
causing it is legally accountable or not."
Similarly, whoever causes the damage of another's wealth is
financially liable for it. For example, when one opens a gate causing
what is locked in to be lost or stolen, or when one unfastens a
container causing what is therein to be wasted and damaged, one is
liable for them. Likewise, if someone ties a riding animal in a narrow
street causinga passerby to stumble and be harmed or injured, he has
to pay him for the damage caused. This is exactly like the one who
parks a car in the middle of the street and as a result another car or
a person is hit, whereby damage is caused, the one who has parked the
car is liable to make up for the damage. This opinion is based on the
Hadeeth related by Ad-Daraqutni and other compilers of Hadeeth that
states: "If one ties a riding animal in oneof the pathways of the
Muslims, or in one of their markets, and it treads on someone (or
something) by one of its front or back legs, one is liable for it."
[Ad-Daraqutni and Al-Bayhaqi]
The same ruling applies when one leaves clay, a piece of wood or a
stone in a pathway or digs a hole in it, causing harm or injury to a
passerby. In the same way, ifsomeone throws watermelon peels or lets
water in the street, causing a passerby to slip and getinjured, he is
to make up for it. People who do all such actions are financially
liable for the resulting damage, as such deeds are regarded as
transgression.
Unfortunately, there are many such instances of carelessness
everywhere nowadays; too many holes are heedlessly dug on the roads
and streets, too many blocks and obstacles are put therein, and too
much damage is caused by that heedlessness due to the lack of control
and supervision. Some people may even occupy streets as if they were
their own, dedicating them for their own use, causing harm to those
passing by without caring for the sins they are committing in this way
or the punishment that awaits them.
Among the matters that incur financial liability is when one has a mad
dog that assaults the passersby or bites any of them. The owner of the
dog is liable to make up for the resulting damages or injuries, for
having such a dog is an act of transgression. On the other hand,if
someone digs a well in his courtyard for his own benefit, he is
financially liable for any damage that might be caused through it; he
is obliged to keep it in a condition that prevents harming the
passersby. However, if he leaves it without such precautions, he is
deemed a transgressor.
Moreover, if someone owns cattle, he is obliged to keep themaway from
damaging other people's crops especially at night;otherwise he is
financially liable for whatever they damage. The Prophet judged in
such a case: "The owners of property (i.e. cattle) should keep it
during the daytime and they are liable for the damages they (the
cattle) cause during the nighttime." [Imaam Ahmad, Abu Daawood, and
Ibn Maajah]
The owner of a domestic animal is not liable for it during the
daytime, except if he releases it close to what it usually
damages.Imaam Al-Baghaawi said: "Scholars maintain that the owners of
grazing cattle are not liable for the people's properties they (the
cattle) damage during the daytime. However, their owners are liable
for whatever they damage during the night, for it is conventional that
the owners of gardens and orchards are to protect them properly during
the daytime while the cattle owners are to detain them during the
nighttime. Thus, whoever breaks this habit has deviated from the
convention. This is in case the owner of the cattle is absent, but if
he is there,he has to pay for what his cattle have damaged."
In the Quran, Allaah mentions a story about Prophets Daawood (David)
and Sulaymaan (Solomon),may Allaah exalt their mention, and their
judgment concerning a similar case of damage. Allaah, The Exalted,
Says (what means): {And [mention] David and Solomon, when they judged
concerning the field —when the sheep of a people overran it [at
night], and We were witness to their judgment. And We gave
understanding of the case to Solomon, and to each [of them] We gave
judgment and knowledge. And We subjected the mountains to exalt [Us],
along with David and [also] the birds. And We were doing [that].}
[Quran 21: 78 -79]
Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said: "According to the Quran,
Sulaymaan (Solomon) was clearly favored by understanding the wisdom of
liability on equal terms. The sheep were grazing atnight and damaged a
grape orchard. Daawood judged that the shepherds should pay the exact
value of the damage, and then he estimated the sheep and found that
their value was equal to the compensation for the damage. Therefore,
he gave judgment that all the sheep should be given to the owner of
the orchard. However, Sulaymaanjudged that the owners of the sheep
were liable for the damaged orchard and that they should pay its exact
equivalent in compensation by cultivating the orchard until it returns
to its original state. He did not also deprive the owners of the
orchard of the crops that were supposed to be yielded from the time of
damage until the time of recovery. Thus, Sulaymaan gave the owners of
the orchard the sheep so as to benefit from themas much as the sheep
owners used to benefit from the orchard.In other words, they would
utilize the shepherds' sheep in return for the fruits they missed of
their orchard until the orchard was re-cultivated by the shepherds (in
compensation). So, Sulaymaan evaluated the two guarantees and found
them equal, and that was an example of the knowledge Allaah favored
him with and the wisdom He praised him for."
If an animal has been led or ridden by someone, he is liable only for
whatever it damages with its front organs, such as the forelegs or the
mouth. Yet, he is not liable for what is damaged bythe animal's hind
parts such as the hind legs, for the Prophet said: "There is no
compensation for whatsoever is damaged (or killed or injured) by a
beast's leg." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said: "The injuries or damages caused
by animals like cows, sheep, and the like are not to be compensated
(by the owner) if they are off a leash. Thisoccurs, for example, when
an animal breaks loose from the person leading it and then
causesdamage. In this case, there is no financial liability on the
owner forthe damage provided that the animal is not used to biting and
that its owner has not been negligent in detaining it at night and
keeping it away from marketplaces and people's gatherings."
The same opinion is maintained by some other scholars, who state that
there is no compensation (for the damage caused) if the animal escapes
andwanders about aimlessly withouta leader or a rider, unless it is a
wild beast.
In addition, if someone is attacked by a human being or an animal, and
killing then is the only way to stop them, there will be no
compensation on that person in case he killed them. This is because
killing here is a means of self-defense which is permissible, so there
is no liability for its consequences. Moreover, the killing of an
assaulter is intended to prevent its harm, so one will not be regarded
as a killer when one kills it in self-defense. Rather, the assaulter
itself will be regarded as a self-murderer in this case. Sheikh
Taqiyyud-Deen said: "A person has to stop the assaulter, and if it
cannot be stopped except by killing, it is permissible for the
attacked person to do so according to the unanimous juristic agreement
in this regard."
Among the objects for which there is no compensation in case of damage
are musical and entertainment instruments, crosses, wine containers,
and books on misguidance, superstition, dissoluteness and profligacy.
This is implied in the
Hadeeth related by Imaam Ahmad on the authority of Ibn 'Umar who
narrated that the Prophet ordered him to get a knife and then he went
to the markets of Madeenah, where there were leather containers of
intoxicants broughtfrom Ash-Sham (The Levant; the region covering
Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine). Ibn ' Umar added that those
leather containers of wine were torn by knives in the presence of the
Prophet who commanded hisCompanions to do the same [Ahmad]. This
Hadeeth proves thecommendableness of destroying such immoral things
without anything in compensation. Still, this should be carried out
under the control and supervision of authorities so as to guarantee
public interests and prevent any evil or corruption resulting. - -
▓███▓ Translator:-> http://translate.google.com/m/ ▓███▓ - -
and has imposed liability for whatever is damaged of the property
taken without right even if by mistake. Whoever damages another's
property - and this being considerable - without its owner's
permission, is financially liable to make up for it.
Imaam Al-Muwaffaq said: "There is no juristic disagreementin this
regard, whether the damage is intentional or not, andwhether the one
causing it is legally accountable or not."
Similarly, whoever causes the damage of another's wealth is
financially liable for it. For example, when one opens a gate causing
what is locked in to be lost or stolen, or when one unfastens a
container causing what is therein to be wasted and damaged, one is
liable for them. Likewise, if someone ties a riding animal in a narrow
street causinga passerby to stumble and be harmed or injured, he has
to pay him for the damage caused. This is exactly like the one who
parks a car in the middle of the street and as a result another car or
a person is hit, whereby damage is caused, the one who has parked the
car is liable to make up for the damage. This opinion is based on the
Hadeeth related by Ad-Daraqutni and other compilers of Hadeeth that
states: "If one ties a riding animal in oneof the pathways of the
Muslims, or in one of their markets, and it treads on someone (or
something) by one of its front or back legs, one is liable for it."
[Ad-Daraqutni and Al-Bayhaqi]
The same ruling applies when one leaves clay, a piece of wood or a
stone in a pathway or digs a hole in it, causing harm or injury to a
passerby. In the same way, ifsomeone throws watermelon peels or lets
water in the street, causing a passerby to slip and getinjured, he is
to make up for it. People who do all such actions are financially
liable for the resulting damage, as such deeds are regarded as
transgression.
Unfortunately, there are many such instances of carelessness
everywhere nowadays; too many holes are heedlessly dug on the roads
and streets, too many blocks and obstacles are put therein, and too
much damage is caused by that heedlessness due to the lack of control
and supervision. Some people may even occupy streets as if they were
their own, dedicating them for their own use, causing harm to those
passing by without caring for the sins they are committing in this way
or the punishment that awaits them.
Among the matters that incur financial liability is when one has a mad
dog that assaults the passersby or bites any of them. The owner of the
dog is liable to make up for the resulting damages or injuries, for
having such a dog is an act of transgression. On the other hand,if
someone digs a well in his courtyard for his own benefit, he is
financially liable for any damage that might be caused through it; he
is obliged to keep it in a condition that prevents harming the
passersby. However, if he leaves it without such precautions, he is
deemed a transgressor.
Moreover, if someone owns cattle, he is obliged to keep themaway from
damaging other people's crops especially at night;otherwise he is
financially liable for whatever they damage. The Prophet judged in
such a case: "The owners of property (i.e. cattle) should keep it
during the daytime and they are liable for the damages they (the
cattle) cause during the nighttime." [Imaam Ahmad, Abu Daawood, and
Ibn Maajah]
The owner of a domestic animal is not liable for it during the
daytime, except if he releases it close to what it usually
damages.Imaam Al-Baghaawi said: "Scholars maintain that the owners of
grazing cattle are not liable for the people's properties they (the
cattle) damage during the daytime. However, their owners are liable
for whatever they damage during the night, for it is conventional that
the owners of gardens and orchards are to protect them properly during
the daytime while the cattle owners are to detain them during the
nighttime. Thus, whoever breaks this habit has deviated from the
convention. This is in case the owner of the cattle is absent, but if
he is there,he has to pay for what his cattle have damaged."
In the Quran, Allaah mentions a story about Prophets Daawood (David)
and Sulaymaan (Solomon),may Allaah exalt their mention, and their
judgment concerning a similar case of damage. Allaah, The Exalted,
Says (what means): {And [mention] David and Solomon, when they judged
concerning the field —when the sheep of a people overran it [at
night], and We were witness to their judgment. And We gave
understanding of the case to Solomon, and to each [of them] We gave
judgment and knowledge. And We subjected the mountains to exalt [Us],
along with David and [also] the birds. And We were doing [that].}
[Quran 21: 78 -79]
Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said: "According to the Quran,
Sulaymaan (Solomon) was clearly favored by understanding the wisdom of
liability on equal terms. The sheep were grazing atnight and damaged a
grape orchard. Daawood judged that the shepherds should pay the exact
value of the damage, and then he estimated the sheep and found that
their value was equal to the compensation for the damage. Therefore,
he gave judgment that all the sheep should be given to the owner of
the orchard. However, Sulaymaanjudged that the owners of the sheep
were liable for the damaged orchard and that they should pay its exact
equivalent in compensation by cultivating the orchard until it returns
to its original state. He did not also deprive the owners of the
orchard of the crops that were supposed to be yielded from the time of
damage until the time of recovery. Thus, Sulaymaan gave the owners of
the orchard the sheep so as to benefit from themas much as the sheep
owners used to benefit from the orchard.In other words, they would
utilize the shepherds' sheep in return for the fruits they missed of
their orchard until the orchard was re-cultivated by the shepherds (in
compensation). So, Sulaymaan evaluated the two guarantees and found
them equal, and that was an example of the knowledge Allaah favored
him with and the wisdom He praised him for."
If an animal has been led or ridden by someone, he is liable only for
whatever it damages with its front organs, such as the forelegs or the
mouth. Yet, he is not liable for what is damaged bythe animal's hind
parts such as the hind legs, for the Prophet said: "There is no
compensation for whatsoever is damaged (or killed or injured) by a
beast's leg." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
Shaykh al-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said: "The injuries or damages caused
by animals like cows, sheep, and the like are not to be compensated
(by the owner) if they are off a leash. Thisoccurs, for example, when
an animal breaks loose from the person leading it and then
causesdamage. In this case, there is no financial liability on the
owner forthe damage provided that the animal is not used to biting and
that its owner has not been negligent in detaining it at night and
keeping it away from marketplaces and people's gatherings."
The same opinion is maintained by some other scholars, who state that
there is no compensation (for the damage caused) if the animal escapes
andwanders about aimlessly withouta leader or a rider, unless it is a
wild beast.
In addition, if someone is attacked by a human being or an animal, and
killing then is the only way to stop them, there will be no
compensation on that person in case he killed them. This is because
killing here is a means of self-defense which is permissible, so there
is no liability for its consequences. Moreover, the killing of an
assaulter is intended to prevent its harm, so one will not be regarded
as a killer when one kills it in self-defense. Rather, the assaulter
itself will be regarded as a self-murderer in this case. Sheikh
Taqiyyud-Deen said: "A person has to stop the assaulter, and if it
cannot be stopped except by killing, it is permissible for the
attacked person to do so according to the unanimous juristic agreement
in this regard."
Among the objects for which there is no compensation in case of damage
are musical and entertainment instruments, crosses, wine containers,
and books on misguidance, superstition, dissoluteness and profligacy.
This is implied in the
Hadeeth related by Imaam Ahmad on the authority of Ibn 'Umar who
narrated that the Prophet ordered him to get a knife and then he went
to the markets of Madeenah, where there were leather containers of
intoxicants broughtfrom Ash-Sham (The Levant; the region covering
Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine). Ibn ' Umar added that those
leather containers of wine were torn by knives in the presence of the
Prophet who commanded hisCompanions to do the same [Ahmad]. This
Hadeeth proves thecommendableness of destroying such immoral things
without anything in compensation. Still, this should be carried out
under the control and supervision of authorities so as to guarantee
public interests and prevent any evil or corruption resulting. - -
▓███▓ Translator:-> http://translate.google.com/m/ ▓███▓ - -
Friday Prayers, - He works as a receptionist in a block offurnished apartments; does he have an excuse for not praying Jumu‘ah or offering the prayers in congregation in the mosque?.
I live in one of the Gulf countries, and I work as a receptionist in a
block of furnished apartments.There is a mosque fifty meters away from
me, and I can hear the adhaan and iqaamah very well, but I cannot go
because my boss doesnot agree, and he says that someone may come to
rent an apartment during the prayer time, and he says: Pray here; itis
permissible. (So I pray in the reception area with a cleaner who works
with me in the apartment block. Please note that this cleaner was
Hindu and he became Muslim – praise be to Allah – and he and I pray in
the reception room in the apartment block). And we share Jumu'ah: one
time I go to Jumu'ah prayer, and the next time this worker goes,
because we cannot leave the place with no one in the reception area.
Please note that I could go without my boss knowing, but I am
afraidthat if I go to offer the obligatory prayers in themosque and I
leave the reception area and I leave that worker there, a renter who
is single may come with a woman and take her into the apartment, and
the Indian worker does not understand what is going on. That happened
to me once but – praise be to Allah – I prevented any evil happening,
and Allah is witness to what I say.
I could leave this job, because I am not sponsored by the boss with
whom I work, but I think that perhaps I am here and I could
preventproblems of zina that could happen, Allah forbid.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
The basic principle is that prayers should be offered in congregation
in the mosque, where the call is given. It is permissible to pray in
congregation in the workplace if the workers going to the mosque will
lead to the work being affected. This has been discussed in the answer
to question no. 74978
With regard to praying Jumu'ah, it is more important and the
obligation is more emphatic; it is not permissible to miss it except
within very strict guidelines, such as the risk of damage or harm, or
if there is an interest to be served for the Muslims, such as dealing
with emergencies in hospitals, and the like. This has been discussed
in the answer to question no. 36530
Based on that, you have to go to Jumu'ah, and advise the owner of the
apartments and explain that it is not permissible to stay away from
Jumu'ah, and he will not be harmed by the loss of a few customers;
many customers, if they find the building locked, will come back after
the prayer. You should go out to Jumu'ah just before the adhaan, and
go to a nearby mosque where the khutbah is not too long.
And Allah knows best. - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
http://translate.google.com/m/ ▓███▓ - -
block of furnished apartments.There is a mosque fifty meters away from
me, and I can hear the adhaan and iqaamah very well, but I cannot go
because my boss doesnot agree, and he says that someone may come to
rent an apartment during the prayer time, and he says: Pray here; itis
permissible. (So I pray in the reception area with a cleaner who works
with me in the apartment block. Please note that this cleaner was
Hindu and he became Muslim – praise be to Allah – and he and I pray in
the reception room in the apartment block). And we share Jumu'ah: one
time I go to Jumu'ah prayer, and the next time this worker goes,
because we cannot leave the place with no one in the reception area.
Please note that I could go without my boss knowing, but I am
afraidthat if I go to offer the obligatory prayers in themosque and I
leave the reception area and I leave that worker there, a renter who
is single may come with a woman and take her into the apartment, and
the Indian worker does not understand what is going on. That happened
to me once but – praise be to Allah – I prevented any evil happening,
and Allah is witness to what I say.
I could leave this job, because I am not sponsored by the boss with
whom I work, but I think that perhaps I am here and I could
preventproblems of zina that could happen, Allah forbid.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
The basic principle is that prayers should be offered in congregation
in the mosque, where the call is given. It is permissible to pray in
congregation in the workplace if the workers going to the mosque will
lead to the work being affected. This has been discussed in the answer
to question no. 74978
With regard to praying Jumu'ah, it is more important and the
obligation is more emphatic; it is not permissible to miss it except
within very strict guidelines, such as the risk of damage or harm, or
if there is an interest to be served for the Muslims, such as dealing
with emergencies in hospitals, and the like. This has been discussed
in the answer to question no. 36530
Based on that, you have to go to Jumu'ah, and advise the owner of the
apartments and explain that it is not permissible to stay away from
Jumu'ah, and he will not be harmed by the loss of a few customers;
many customers, if they find the building locked, will come back after
the prayer. You should go out to Jumu'ah just before the adhaan, and
go to a nearby mosque where the khutbah is not too long.
And Allah knows best. - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
http://translate.google.com/m/ ▓███▓ - -
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