Bahirah, the Monk Recognizes the Seal of Prophethood

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Q & A on menstruation and post-partum bleeding –II

Question: A woman had blood beginning to flow (i.e., her menses) while
she was in the Mosque of the Prophet . She stayed in the mosque for a
short while, until her husband had finished his prayer, so that she
could leave with him. Did she commit a sin?
Q & A on menstruation and post-partum bleeding –I
Response: If she was not able to depart from the mosque by herself,
then there is no harm in what she did. However, if she was able to
leave by herself, then it was obligatory upon her to exit as quickly
as possible. This is because the menstruating woman, the woman who has
post-partum bleeding and a sexually defiled person are not allowed to
sit in the mosques. This is based onAllaah's statement which forbids
certain categoriesof people from approaching the places of prayer, one
of which is(what means): "…Nor while sexually defiled, except when
travelling on a road…" [Quran 4: 43] (1)
It is also narrated from the Prophet that he said: " I do not permit
the menstruating woman or the sexually defiled person to enter the
mosque." [Abu Daawood]
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
Footnotes
1. Note that the verse is in reference only to those who are sexually
defiled. Obviously, the differences between a menstruating woman and a
sexually defiled person are very great. Hence, one cannot make an
analogy between the two. Furthermore, there is also a difference of
opinion concerning whether this verse implies anyone who becomes
sexually defiled or only the travellers who become sexually defiled.
Question: Is it allowed for a menstruating woman to read a book of
supplications on the Day of 'Arafah (i.e., the ninth of Thul-Hijjah),
given the fact that the book contains Quranic verses?
Response: There is no harm in a menstruating or post-partum bleeding
woman reading the books of supplications that are written for the
rites of the pilgrimage. Infact, there is nothing wrong with her even
reciting the Quran, according to the correct opinion, as there is no
authentic, clear text prohibiting a menstruating or post-partum
bleeding woman from reciting the Quran. The narration thatwe do have
is concerned with the sexually defiled person only, which confirms
that such a person should not recite the Quran while he/she issexually
defiled, and this was narrated by 'Ali . As for the menstruating or
post-partum bleeding woman, there is the Hadeeth that was narrated by
Ibn 'Umar which states: "Neither the menstruating womannor the
sexually defiled person is to recite anything from the Quran." [Abu
Daawood, At-Tirmithi & Others]
However, this is weak. This is because it is from the narrations of
Ismaa'eel Ibn 'Ayyaash onthe authority of people from the Hijaaz
(western Arabia ), and he is weak when he narrates from them. However,
the menstruating or post-partum bleeding woman may recite from her
memory without touching the Quran. As for the sexually defiled person,
he/she may not even recite the Quran from memory or touch the Mus-haf
(a copy of the Quran) until he/she makes Ghusl (ritual bathing). The
difference between the two is that the amount of time one is sexually
defiled for is very short, as he may make Ghusl as soon as he has done
the act with his spouse. The amount of time is not long, and he isin
control of its duration as he may make Ghusl whenever he wishes. Even
if he cannot find water, he can make Tayammum (dry ablution using
soil) and can then pray or recite the Quran. However, the menstruating
or post-partum bleeding woman does not have control over its duration,
such control is in the hand of Allaah. Menstruation and post-partum
bleeding last for days. Therefore, itis allowed for them to recite the
Quran so that they do not forget what they have memorised and so that
they will not lose the merits of recitingit. They may also learn the
laws of the Sharee'ah(Islamic Law) from the Book of Allaah. Therefore,
it follows that it is certainly permissible for her to read the books
of supplications that have verses and Hadeeth intermixed within them.
This is the correct opinion of the scholars on that point.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
Question: Some women have miscarriages - sometimes the foetus comes
out fully formed while at others it is only partially formed. I would
like you to make clear the ruling for prayer in both of those
situations.
Response: If a woman has a miscarriage and the foetus has distinctly
human features, such as a head, limbs and so forth, then her bleeding
is post-natal bleeding. She should, therefore, follow the rulings of
one who has post-natal bleeding. She should not pray or fast and her
husband cannot have sexual intercourse with her until the bleeding
stops, or she completes forty days. If the bleedingstops before the
fortieth day, she must make Ghusl, pray, and fast if it is Ramadhaan,
and her husband may have sexualintercourse with her (if she is not
fasting and it isnot Ramadhaan).
There is no minimum length of time for post-natal bleeding. The
bleeding could stop after ten days, more or less, and she must then
make Ghusl, and all the laws of a ritually pure person willthen apply
to her. If she sees any blood after the fortieth day, it is considered
bleeding from illness. She would then fast and pray with that bleeding
and it is permissible for her husband to have sexual intercourse with
her. Shemust make ablution for the time of every prayer, like for the
Mustahaadhah, (1) as the Prophet told Faatimah bint Abu Hubaysh :"Make
ablution for (the time of) every prayer." (2)
If the blood that flows from her after the forty-day period coincides
with the time of her menses, then it takes on the ruling of menses. It
is forbidden for her to prayor fast until she becomes pure. It is also
forbidden for her husband to have intercourse with her.
However, if the miscarried foetus does not resemble a human being,
such as when it is simply a smooth lump of flesh or clot of blood,
then she takes the ruling of Istihaadhah and not that of post-partum
bleeding. She should pray, fast during Ramadhaan and may have
intercourse with her husband. She should make ablution for every
prayer while keeping herself clean from the blood by using a panty
liner or something similar, as she would for the Mustahaadhah, until
the bleeding stops.
She may also combine the Thuhr (noon) and 'Asr(afternoon) prayers
together and the Maghrib (sunset) and 'Ishaa' (night) prayers. She may
also make a Ghusl for the combined prayers and a separate Ghusl for
the Fajr prayer, based on the confirmed Hadeeth of Hamnah bint Jahsh .
This is because she is to be treated as a Mustahaadhah, according to
the people of knowledge.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
1. The Mustahaaadhah is the woman with Istihaadhah. Istihaadhah is
either a prolonged flow of blood (called menorrhagia in English) or
bleeding outside of the menses (called metrorrhagia in English). Many
hospitals and medical clinics in the United States have pamphlets
stating what women should do in such cases. In some cases, especially
when the bleeding is prolonged, it may be symptoms of some other
disorder.
2. This translator was not able to find this Hadeeth with this exact
wording. The authentic narrations in Al-Bukhaari and Muslim simply
state that she is tomake ablution for every prayer.

Q & A on menstruation and post-partum bleeding –I

Using pills that prevent menstruation
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
Question: There are pills that prevent menses or delay their
occurrence. Is it allowed for a woman to use such pills during the
time of Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) only out of fear of her menses
arriving?
Response: It is allowed for a woman to use pills that prevent her
menses during the time of Hajj out of fear that her menses may come.
But this should only be done after she has consulted with a (health)
specialist who canensure that her health will be fine. Similarly, she
may do the same during Ramadhaan if she desires to fast with the
people. (1)
The Standing Committee
Footnotes
(1) There seems to be no need forwomen to go to such lengths. This
could probably be considered a kind of overzealousness. There is no
real certainty as to the health risks of such pills as well as birth
control pills. Furthermore, the menses are a natural matter that
Allaah has ordained for women and there is no need to flee from them.
Hence, it must be considered best for women to abstain from such pills
since there is no necessity for them and they (women) cannot be
certain of their side effects. Allaah knows best
Discontinuation of bleeding during menses
Question: Sometimes, during my menses, I have blood for four days and
then the bleeding stops for three days. Then, on the seventh day the
bleeding returns,but with less intensity. Then, the bleeding turns to
a brown colour until the twelfth day. I hope you will guide me to what
is correct in this matter.
Response: The days that you mentioned, the four and the six day
periods (i.e., the first to the fourth day, and then the seventh to
twelfth day), are days of menstruation. You should not pray or fast
during those days. It is not allowed for your husband to have sexual
intercourse with you during those days either. Youshould make Ghusl
(ritual bathing) after the first four days and then pray, and your
husband may have intercourse with you during the period between the
fourth and the sixth days. Also, there is no prohibition upon
yourfasting during these days.
If that occurs during Ramadhaan,it is obligatory upon you to fast on
the days that you are not on your menses. When you become pure after
the second six days (i.e., the seventh to twelfth days),you must make
Ghusl, pray and fast like any other time of purity. This is because
the monthly menses can increase or decrease. Its days are sometimes
together and sometimes separated. May Allaah guide us all to what
pleases Him. May He provide us, you and all the Muslims with
understanding and steadfastnessin the religion.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
Footnotes
(1) In response to this question, the Shaykh has basically given
theHanbali view of the question. There are some other views which may
be more significant that state the entire period is that of
menstruation (i.e., the full12 days in this case). Allaah knows best
Drops of blood after making Ghusl
Question: I notice that sometimesafter making the Ghusl that follows
my monthly menses, after having had my period for the normal five
days, I have a verysmall number of drops (of blood) emerging. This
occurs immediately after I make Ghusl. After that, nothing else
emerges. I do not know what to do. ShouldI follow my normal five-day
period and simply ignore what occurs after that and continue to pray
and fast? Or should I consider that day also as part of my period and
not pray or fast during it? Note that such a thing does not always
occur to me, butonly occurs every two or three monthly cycles. I hope
you will benefit me on this matter.
Response: If what emerges after your washing is either yellow or
brown, then it is not to be taken into consideration (as menses) and
it takes the same ruling as urine .(1)
However, if it is clearly blood, it will then be considered part of
the menses and you must repeat the Ghusl due to what is confirmed from
Umm 'Atiyyah who was a female companion of the Messenger of Allaah who
stated: "We would not consider yellowish or brownish discharge as
anything (2) after we had been purified [from menses]." (3)
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
Footnotes
1. Meaning, it must be washed offthe clothing and the person mustmake
ablution from such a discharge.
2. That is: "We would not consider it as menses."
3. Recorded by Al-Bukhaari
If a woman ends her menses before sunset, she must perform the Thuhr
and 'Asr Prayers
Question: When a menstruating woman becomes pure before sunrise, is it
obligatory upon her to perform the Maghrib and 'Ishaa' prayers?
Similarly, if she becomes pure before sunset, is it obligatory upon
her to perform the Thuhr and 'Asr prayers?
Response: If a menstruating or post-partum bleeding woman becomes pure
before sunset, it is obligatory upon her to perform both the Thuhr and
'Asr prayers, according to the strongest opinion among the scholars.
Similar is the case if she becomes pure before dawn. In that case, she
must perform the Maghrib and 'Ishaa' prayers. This has beennarrated
from Abdur-Rahmaan Ibn 'Awf and 'Abdullaah Ibn 'Abbaas . This is the
opinion of the majority of the scholars. Similarly, if a menstruating
or post-partum bleeding woman becomes pure before sunrise, it
isobligatory upon her to perform the Fajr (dawn) prayer. And from
Allaah is guidance.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz
The menstruating woman keeping herself clean from urine
Question: When I am menstruating, I do not clean myself of urine with
water because I fear that the water mayharm me. What is the ruling
concerning that?
Response: It suffices, in place of water, to clean yourself with clean
tissue paper or any other pure solid object that will removethe impure
substance, such as a large stone, a piece of wood, or similar objects.
This wiping should be done three times or more, until the impure
substanceis removed. This ruling is not just for you or anyone in a
case like yours; rather, it is for all Muslim men and women under all
circumstances. This is based on what has been confirmed from 'Aa'ishah
that the Prophet said: "When one of you goes to relieve himself, he
should clean himself with three stones, and that will be sufficient
for him." [Ahmad & Others]
It is also confirmed from SalmaanAl-Faarisi that it was said to him:
"Your Prophet teaches you everything, even how to go to the lavatory."
Salmaan replied: "Certainly! He prohibited us from facing the Qiblah
(direction of the Ka'bah) while defecating or urinating, from cleaning
our genitals with our right hand, from cleaning ourselves with less
than three stones and from cleaning ourselves with dung or bone."
[Muslim, Abu Daawood & At-Tirmithi]

The covenant between the Prophet and the Jews

Soon after emigrating to Al-Madeenah and makingsure that the pillars
of the new Islamic community were well established on strong bases of
administrative, political and ideological unity, the Prophet embarked
upon the task of establishing regular and clearly-defined relations
with the non-Muslims there, who comprised of Jews and Arab tribes. All
of these efforts were exerted solely to provide peace, security, and
prosperity to all mankind at large, and to bring about a spirit of
rapport and harmony within his region in particular.
The Prophet was also keen on establishing friendly relations between
the Muslims andnon-Muslims. He was verymeticulous in not leavingany
area in the charter that would allow pre-Islamic traditions to slip in
or violate the new environment he wanted to establish.
Geographically, the nearest people to Al-Madeenah were the Jews.
Despite harbouringevil intentions and nursing a bitter grudge, they
showed neither the least resistance nor the slightest animosity. The
Prophet decided to ratify a treaty with them with clauses that
provided full freedom in faith and wealth. He had no intention
whatsoever of following severe policies involving banishment, seizure
of wealth and land, or hostility.
Included in the treaty were a number of terms and conditions. The
maincondition being that, in case of an attack on Al-Madeenah launched
byoutsiders, the people of Al-Madeenah as a whole would raise arms,
collectively, against the enemies. Another condition being that the
Jews of Al-Madeenah would not provide refuge to the Quraysh of Makkah
or their allies. None of the citizens of Al-Madeenah would put any
hurdle in the way of anyone else's religion, life or property. If two
people of Al-Madeenah had a falling-out on an issue and were not able
to find any solution to it by themselves, they would have to abide by
the decision made by the Prophet concerning it. The Muslims of
Al-Madeenah would be considered as friends of the Jews, and they (the
Jews) would therefore have to treat as friends those tribes and clans
who were in alliance with the Muslims. All kinds of fighting and
bloodshed would be treated as prohibited in the territory of
Al-Madeenah.
The most important provisions of the treaty were as follows:
1. The Jews of the tribe of 'Awf were to be one community with
the believers. The Jews would profess their religion and the Muslims
theirs.
2. The Jews would be responsible for their expenditure, and the
Muslims for theirs.
3. If attacked by a third party, each would come to the
assistance of the other.
4. Each party would hold counsel with the other. Mutual
relations would be founded on righteousness; sin was totally excluded.
5. Neither group would commit sins to the prejudice of the other.
6. The wronged partywould be aided.
7. The Jews would contribute to the cost of any war, so long as
they were fighting alongside the believers.
8. Al-Madeenah would remain sacred andinviolable for all who
would join this treaty.
9. If any disagreement were to arise between the signatories of
this treaty, then Allah the All-High and His Messenger would settle
the dispute.
10. The signatories to this treaty would boycott Quraysh
commercially; they would also abstain from extending any support to
them.
11. Each would contribute to defending Al-Madeenah, in case of
aforeign attack, in its respective area.
12. This treaty would not hinder either party from seeking lawful revenge.
After the agreement wasfinalised, the Prophet made an all-out effort
to bring the clans around Al-Madeenah into the fold of this pact so
that all disruptions, disorder and bloodshed were curbed once and for
all. The Prophet was so eager to widen the scopeof this pact that he
made a special journey to premises of Dhamrah bin Bakr bin 'Abd Manaaf
to bring them around to this recently signed pact. He won over their
chief, 'Amr bin Makhshi, to the idea and he put his initials on the
document. He also got the people of Mount Buwat and of Thul-'Ushayrah
in Yanbu' and Banu Mudlij to accept the peace treaty. The purpose of
the Prophet in constructing this peace pact was to create an
atmosphere of peace andorder so that the people could be at peace and
be able to reflect on the message of Islam in an air of safety and
security. These peace efforts were yet to bring fruit when clandestine
activities in Al-Madeenah and onslaughts from outside plunged
Al-Madeenah into disorder once again.
Al-Madeenah and its suburbs, after the ratification of this treaty,
turned into a coalition state, with Al-Madeenah proper as capital and
Muhammad as de facto president; authorityrested primarily in the hands
of the Muslims, and consequently it was a real capital of Islam.
The peace pact made all the people of Al-Madeenah recognise the
strength and supremacy of Islam and they all signed it, signifying
their acceptance of the superiority of the Muslims.