The Meaning of Ar-Rajim

Ar-Rajim means, being expelled from all types of righteousness. Allah said,
(And indeed We have adorned the nearest heaven with lamps, and We have
made such lamps Rujuman (as missiles) to drive away the Shayatin
(devils)) (67:5).
Allah also said,
(Verily, We have adorned the nearheaven with the stars (for beauty).
And to guard against every rebellious devil. They cannot listen to the
higher group(angels) for they are pelted from every side. Outcast, and
theirs is aconstant (or painful) torment. Except such as snatch away
something by stealing, and they are pursued by a flaming fire of
piercing brightness) (37:6-10).
Further, Allah said,
(And indeed, We have put the bigstars in the heaven and We beautified
it for the beholders. And We have guarded it (near heaven) from every
Shaytan Rajim(outcast Shaytan). Except him (devil) who steals the
hearing then he is pursued by a clear flaming fire.) (15:16-18).
There are several similar Ayat. It was also said that Rajim means, the
person who throws or bombards things, because the devil throws doubts
and evil thoughts in people's hearts. The first meaning is more
popular and accurate.

The Tafsir of Isti`adhah (seeking Refuge)

Allah said,
(Show forgiveness, enjoin what isgood, and stay away from the foolish
(i.e. don't punish them). And if an evil whisper comes to you from
Shaytan (Satan), then seek refuge with Allah. Verily, He is Hearing,
Knowing) (7:199-200),
(Repel evil with that which is better. We are Best-Acquainted with
things they utter. And say:"My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the
whisperings (suggestions) of the Shayatin (devils). And I seek refuge
with You, My Lord! lest they should come near me.'') (23:96-98) and,
(Repel (an evil) with one which is better, then verily he with whom
there was enmity between you, (will become) as though he was aclose
friend. But none is granted it except those who are patient ـ and none
is granted it except theowner of the great portion (of happiness in
the Hereafter, i.e. Paradise and of a high moral character) in this
world. And if anevil whisper from Shaytan tries toturn you away (O
Muhammad ) (from doing good), then seek refuge in Allah. Verily, He is
the Hearing, the Knowing.) (41:34-36)These are the only three Ayat
that carry this meaning. Allah commanded that we be lenient human
enemy, so that his soft nature might make him an ally and a supporter.
He also commanded that we seek refuge from the satanic enemy, because
the devil does not relent in his enmity if we treat him with kindness
and leniency. The devil only seeks the destruction of the Son of Adam
due to the vicious enmity and hatred he has always had towards man's
father, Adam.Allah said,
(O Children of Adam! Let not Shaytan deceive you, as he got your
parents ﴿Adam and Hawwa' (Eve)﴾ out of Paradise) (7:27),
(Surely, Shaytan is an enemy to you, so take (treat) him as an enemy.
He only invites his Hizb (followers) that they may become the dwellers
of the blazing Fire) (35:6) and,
(Will you then take him (Iblis) and his offspring as protectors and
helpers rather than Me while they are enemies to you What an evil is
the exchange for the Zalimun (polytheists, and wrongdoers, etc))
(18:50).
The devil assured Adam that he wanted to advise him, but he was lying.
Hence, how would he treat us after he had vowed,
("By Your might, then I will surely, mislead them all. Except Your
chosen servants among them (i.e. faithful, obedient, true believers of
Islamic Monotheism).'') (38:82-83)
Also, Allah said,
(So when you ﴿want to﴾ recite the Qur'an, seek refuge with Allah from
Shaytan, the outcast (the cursed one). Verily, he has no power over
those who believeand put their trust only in their Lord (Allah). His
power is only over those who obey and follow him (Satan), and those
who join partners with Him.) (16:98-100).

What does Isti`adhah mean

Isti`adhah means, "I seek refuge with Allah from the cursed Satan so
that he is prevented from affecting my religious or worldly affairs,
or hindering me from adhering to what I was commanded, or luring me
into what I was prohibited from.'' Indeed, only Allah is able to
prevent the evil of Satan from touching the son of Adam. This iswhy
Allah allowed us to be lenient and kind with the human devil, so that
his soft nature might cause him to refrain from the evil he is
indulging in. However, Allah required us to seek refuge with Him from
the evil of Satan, because he neither accepts bribes nor does kindness
affect him, for he is pure evil. Thus, only He Who created Satan is
able to stop his evil. This meaning is reiterated in only three Ayat
in the Qur'an. Allah said in Surat Al-A`raf,
(Show forgiveness, enjoin what isgood, and turn away from the foolish
(i.e. don't punish them).) (7:199)
This is about dealing with humanbeings. He then said in the same Surah,
(And if an evil whisper comes to you from Shaytan, then seek refuge
with Allah. Verily, He is Hearing, Knowing (7: 200).)
Allah also said in Surat Al-Mu'minun,
(Repel evil with that which is better. We are Best-Acquainted with the
things they utter. And say: "My Lord! I seek refuge with You from the
whisperings (suggestions) of the Shayatin (devils). And I seek refuge
with You, My Lord! lest they should come near me.'' (23:96-98).)
Further, Allah said in Surat As-Sajdah,
(The good deed and the evil deedcannot be equal. Repel (the evil) with
one which is better, then verily he, between whom and you there was
enmity, (will become) as though he was a close friend. But none is
granted it (the above quality) except those who are patient ـ and
noneis granted it except the owner of the great portion (of happiness
in the Hereafter, i.e. Paradise and of a high moral character) in this
world. And if an evil whisper from Shaytan tries to turn you away
(from doing good), then seek refuge in Allah. Verily, He is the
Hearing, the Knowing) (41:34-36).

Why the Devil is called Shaytan ?

In the Arabic language, Shaytan isderived from Shatana, which means
the far thing. Hence, the Shaytan has a different nature than mankind,
and his sinful ways are far away from every type of righteousness. It
was alsosaid that Shaytan is derived from Shata, (literally `burned'),
because it was created from fire. Some scholars said that both
meanings are correct, although they state that the first meaning is
more plausible. Further, Siybawayh (the renowned Arab linguistic)
said, "The Arabs say, `So-and-so has Tashaytan,' when he commits the
act of the devils. If Shaytan was derived from Shata, they would have
said, Tashayyata (rather than Tashaytan).'' Hence, Shaytan is derived
from the word that means, far away. This is why theycall those who are
rebellious (or mischievous) from among the Jinns and mankind a
`Shaytan'. Allah said,
(And so We have appointed for every Prophet enemies ـ Shayatin
(devils) among mankind and Jinn,inspiring one another with adorned
speech as a delusion (or by way of deception)) (6:112).
In addition, the Musnad by Imam Ahmad records that Abu Dharr said that
the Messenger of Allah said,
(O Abu Dharr! Seek refuge with Allah from the devils of mankind and
the Jinns.) Abu Dharr said, "I asked him , `Are there human devils' He
said, (Yes.)'' Furthermore, it is recorded in Sahih Muslim that Abu
Dharr said that the Messenger of Allah said,
(The woman, the donkey and the black dog interrupt the prayer (if they
pass in front of those who do not pray behind a Sutrah, i.e.
abarrier).) Abu Dharr said, "I said, `What is the difference between
the black dog and the red or yellow dog' He said,
(The black dog is a devil.).''
Also, Ibn Jarir At-Tabari recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab once rode
a Berthawn (huge camel) which started to proceed arrogantly. `Umar
kept striking the animal, but the animal kept walking in an arrogant
manner. `Umar dismounted the animal and said, "By Allah! You have
carried me on a Shaytan. I did notcome down from it until after I had
felt something strange in myheart.'' This Hadith has an authentic
chain of narrators.

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And Allah Knows the Best!

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Published by :->
M NajimudeeN Bsc- INDIA

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