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Wednesday, October 24, 2012

State of the Righteous Predecessors in Hajj

Just a few days are left till the Hajj season. The pilgrims compete in
preparing themselves properly to perform this great pillar of Islam.
Wealth is one of the basic necessities of Hajj ; but people are
different in choosing the type of wealth which will be their
sustenance for Hajj.
Some choose unlawfully gained wealth, such as Riba- based loans
(usury), mixed shares, and so on. Others are pious and choose only the
lawfully gained wealth that is untainted by any unlawful gains in
order to have this kind of sustenance during this trip.
It is lawful wealth, the little sustenance in this life and the rare
treasureat a time when you rarely find wealth unmixed with what is
unlawful.
O pilgrims, lawfully gained wealth is the way to success, the beacon
of happiness andthe reason behind having your supplicationanswered.
The Prophet, , said: "Allaah is Good and He accepts only what is
good." [Muslim] That is why our Salaf (righteouspredecessors) used to
bevery particular about themeans by which they earned their livelihood
lest their deeds and supplications be rejected. Their wives were just
as keen, so much so, that one of them would walk her husband to the
door as he was leaving in the morning and say to him: "Fear Allaah
with regards to what you feed us, for we can tolerate hunger but would
not be able to tolerate the heat of Hell"
The state of Salaf on assuming Ihraam and Talbiyah
My dear reader: Salaf used to experience the real meaning of Ihraam ,
which is to remove all earthly desires and lusts, and turn
wholeheartedlywith one's body and soul, to the Creator of the heavens
and the earth. This is why, on assuming Ihraam , their emotions were
moved, their colors changed, and they would fret lest it would not be
acceptedfrom them.
It was the habit of Anas ibn Maalik that whenever he assumed Ihraam ,
he would not talk about anything belonging to the worldlyaffairs until
he had removed Ihraam.
When 'Ali ibn Al-Husayn, may Allaah Have mercy upon him, assumed
Ihraam, and his riding mount stood upright with him, he turned paleand
fretted and was unable to recite Talbiyah . It was said to him, "What
is wrong with you?" He said, "I fear lest it would be said to me: "No
Labbayk and No Sa'dayk" (Your call is not responded to, and no
happiness is destined to you, in reference to the rejection of worship
from him)."
When Ja'far As-Saadiq performed Hajj , and intended to recite
Talbiyah, the color of his face changed. It was saidto him, "What is
wrong with you, O grandson of the Messenger of Allaah ?" He said, "I
intend tosay Talbiyah, but I fear I would hear something else rather
than the response (to Talbiyah)."
Whenever Shurayh assumed Ihraam, he would seem as motionless as a
still female-snake, due to his absolute silence, meditation and
lowering his head to Allaah The Almighty.
Though many pilgrims inthose days did not recite Talbiyah , and most
of them did not raise their voices with it nor pronounce it publicly
even if they said it, Salaf did the opposite of that.
According to Abu Haazim
Whenever the Companions of the Messenger of Allaah, , assumed Ihraam ,
they would not reach Ar-Rawhaa' before their voices would become
hoarse (due to raising their voices with Talbiyah ). Indeed, they knew
that this was something loved by Allaah The Almighty, as confirmed by
the statement of the Messenger of Allaah, : "Jibreel (Gabriel) came to
me and told me to command my Companions to raise their voices with
Talbiyah." [Abu Daawood, At-Tirmithi, Ibn Maajah and An-Nasaa'i;
Al-Albaani: Saheeh ] And, his statement, : "The best (deeds of) Hajj
is to raiseone's voice with Talbiyah, and cause the blood of
(slaughtered) sacrifices to flow." [At-Tirmithi; Al-Albaani: Hasan [
Worship of Salaf in Hajj
According to the grand Imaam Ibn Rajab oneof the greatest deeds of
righteousness to be done in Hajj is to establish prayer: he
whoperforms Hajj , especially when it is voluntary, without
establishing prayer is like the one who sought to earn a single Dirham
for which he wasted his capital of many thousands. Salaf maintained
the voluntary prayers with great care. The Messenger of Allaah, , used
to perform the voluntary prayers in all his journeys on his riding
mount on which he used to also perform the Witr prayer.
It is narrated on the authority of 'Aamir ibn Rabee'ah that he saw the
Messenger of Allaah, , performing the supererogatory prayer at night
on his journey on the back of his riding mount wherever it turned with
him. [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
It is further narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Umar that he said,
"The Messenger of Allaah used to perform the supererogatory prayer
along with the Witr prayer (on journey) on his riding mount to
whichever direction it turned with him. But he did not perform the
prescribed obligatory prayer on it." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
It was the habit of Muhammad ibn Waasi' to perform the voluntary
prayers on theway to Makkah for the whole night on the back of his
camel, by way of nodding, and he would command his camel driver to
raise his voice behind him, in order to divert the people's attention
with his voice from him.
Masrooq performed Hajj , during which he did not sleep but in the
prostration posture.
Al-Mugheerah ibn Hakeem As-San'aani used to perform Hajj from Yemen on
foot, andhe had a devotional recital every night in which he used to
recite one-third of the Quran: he used to stop and perform prayer
until when his devotional recital was over, he would then join the
caravan of travelers whenever he was able to, and perhaps he couldnot
manage to join thembefore the end of the day.
After relating those stories, Ibn Rajab said, "We command the people
just to maintain with care the (obligatory) prayers at their due
times, even by combining each pair of prayers possible to combine at
the time of either of them. There is no concession for anyone to
perform the night prayer during the day, nor the prayer of the day at
night, nor the prescribed obligatory prayer on the back of hisriding
mount."
How Salaf were cautious about showing off and boasting
In order for the pilgrimage to be accepted (by Allaah) with full
acceptance, it isdue on the pilgrim not to intend by his pilgrimage to
be seen orheard of by men, nor to boast, nor to preen, nor to show
pride or be arrogant: in sum, he should intend thereby only the
countenance and good pleasure of Allaah The Almighty. He should also
humble himself in Hajj , and be meek and submissive to his Lord The
Almighty.
The Salaf were extremely eager to keep their deeds far from any taint
of showing off or worldly pride, because they knew that Allaah The
Almighty would onlyaccept the deed that is done for Him sincerely and
correctly in accordance with the Sunnah (tradition) of His Prophet, ,
as confirmed by the Statement of Allaah The Almighty in the Qudsi
Hadeeth (sacred narration): "He, who does a deed in which he
associates a partner withMe, I then will leave him with the partner
whom he associates." [Muslim] For this reason, when a man said to Ibn
'Umar "How many pilgrims there are!" Ibn 'Umar replied to him, "Nay!
How few they are (from whom Hajj is accepted by Allaah)!"
According to Shurayh Al-Qaadhi "The pilgrims (from whom Hajj is
accepted) are few,even though the riders (who set out for Hajj) are
many. How many arethose who do good, but how few are those who intend,
by their deed, HisCountenance, The Almighty."
On his way to Makkah, 'Umar ibn Al-Khattaab said, " No doubt, (on this
journey of Hajj) you become disheveled, covered with dust, engaged in
recitation (of the Quran), and offered your sacrifice, thereby
intending nothing from the worldly transitory benefits. We do not know
of a journey better than this", meaning Hajj .

It is not permissible to eat meat that was slaughtered for anyone or anything other than Allah, even if the one who slaughtered it mentioned the name of Allah over it

There is meat that was slaughtered for a Buddhist person who bought it
(the animal) inorder to slaughter it because of a belief that they
have which is contrary to our religion (according to their belief, to
drive out evil spirits), but the one whoslaughtered it was a Muslim
and he slaughtered it in the Islamic way. Is it permissible to eat
it?.
Praise be to Allaah.
If it was slaughtered purely for the meat, as isthe basic reason for
which people slaughter animals, then it must be done in the name of
Allah. If the name of Allah was mentioned over it, it is permissible
to eat it, if it was slaughtered in the well-known shar'i manner. If
the name of Allah was not mentionedover it, it is not permissible to
eat it. Allah says (interpretationof the meaning):
"So eat of that (meat) onwhich Allaah's Name has been pronounced
(whileslaughtering the animal), if you are believers in His Ayaat
(proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.).
119. And why should younot eat of that (meat) onwhich Allaah's Name
has been pronounced (at thetime of slaughtering the animal), while He
has explained to you in detail what is forbidden to you, except under
compulsion of necessity?And surely, many do lead(mankind) astray by
their own desires through lack of knowledge. Certainly your Lord knows
best the transgressors"
[al-An'aam 6:118-119]
"Eat not (O believers) of that (meat) on which Allaah's Name has not
been pronounced (at thetime of the slaughtering of the animal), for
sure itis Fisq (a sin and disobedience of Allaah). And certainly, the
Shayaateen (devils) do inspire their friends (from mankind) to dispute
with you, and if you obey them[by making Al-Maytah (a dead animal)
legal by eating it], then you would indeed be Mushrikoon
(polytheists); [because they (devils and their friends) made lawful to
you to eat that which Allaah has made unlawful to eat and you obeyed
them by considering it lawful to eat, and by doing so youworshipped
them; and to worship others besides Allaah is polytheism]"
[al-An'aam 6:121]
But if what is intended by slaughtering it is an act of worship, then
added to the above conditions is that this sacrifice should have been
done for Allah, like all other acts of worship.Allah says
(interpretationof the meaning):
"Say (O Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم): 'Verily, my Salaah (prayer), my
sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for Allaah, the Lord of the
'Aalameen (mankind, jinn and all that exists).
163. He has no partner. And of this I have been commanded, and I am
the first of the Muslims'"
[al-An'aam 6:162-163].
Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Here Allah is commanding him (the Prophet (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him)) to tell the mushrikeen who worship gods other
thanAllah and offer sacrifices that are not done in His name, that he
differs from them in that; his prayer is for Allah, his sacrifice is
in His name alone with no partner orassociate. This is like the verse
in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning): "Therefore turn
in prayer to your Lord and sacrifice (to Him only)" [al-Kawthar
108:2], i.e., make your prayer and sacrifice sincerely for Him alone.
The mushrikeen used to worship idols and offer sacrifices to them, so
Allah commanded him tobe different from them and turn away from their
path, and turn witha sincere intention and devotion to Allah alone.
End quote.
Tafseer Ibn Katheer (3/381-382)
Muslim (1978) narrated that 'Ali ibn Abi Taalib (may Allah be pleased
with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) said: "May Allaah curse the one who offers a sacrifice to
anything other than Allaah."
Al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
What is meant by offering a sacrifice to anything other than Allah is
that which is slaughtered in the name of anything or anyone other than
Allah, such as a sacrifice offered to an idol or the cross or Moosa or
'Eesa (blessingsand peace of Allah be upon them both) or to the Ka'bah
and so on. All of that is haraam and this meat is not halaal, whether
the one who slaughtered it is a Muslim or Christian or a Jew. That was
stated by al-Shaafa'i and agreed upon by our companions. If he also
intended it as an act of veneration or worship of the one other than
Allah to whom he slaughtered it, that is kufr. If the one who
slaughtered it was a Muslim before that, he becomes an apostate
because of this slaughter. End quote.
The one who slaughters a sacrifice for anyone or anything other than
Allah, such as one who slaughters it for an idol or to ward off evil
spirits-- as they claim -- or to draw close to whatever he worships
instead of Allah or to a "saint" (wali) and so on is a mushrik who is
beyond the pale of Islam and it isnot permissible to eat meat
slaughtered by him, whether he mentioned the name of Allah over it or
not, because he slaughtered it as a sacrifice to someone other than
Allah, and Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"He has forbidden you only the Maytah (dead animals), and blood,
andthe flesh of swine, and that which is slaughtered as a sacrifice
for others than Allaah (or has been slaughtered for idols, on which
Allaah's Name has not been mentioned while slaughtering). But if one
is forced by necessity without willful disobedience nor transgressing
due limits, then there is no sin on him. Truly, Allaah is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful"
[al-Baqarah 2:173].
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
The apparent meaning of the words "and that which is slaughtered as a
sacrifice for others than Allaah" is that whatever is slaughtered for
anyone or anything other than Allah, such as if it is said, This is a
sacrifice to such and such, and this is the intention, whether the
person spoke it out loud or not, is haraam, and the prohibition in
this case is clearer than the prohibition on that which was
slaughtered by a Christian for meat over which he said the name of
Christ and so on. That which we slaughter as an act of worship to draw
close toAllah is pure and better than that which we slaughter for meat
and mention the name of Allah over, because worshipping Allah by
praying to Him and sacrificing to Him is better than seeking helpby
saying His name at the beginning of every action. By the same token,
shirk that involves praying to anyone other than Allah and offering
sacrifices toanyone other than Him is worse shirk than seeking help in
the name of this other "god"at the beginning of every action. If that
over which the name of Christor al-Zahrah is mentioned is haraam, then
that which is sacrificed to Christ or al-Zahrah or is intended as such
is even more haraam. Based on that, if something is slaughtered for
someone other than Allah as an act of worship to draw close tohim, it
is haraam, even ifthe name of Allah is mentioned over it, as some of
the hypocrites of this ummah do, who seek to draw close to the"saints"
(awliya') and stars by offering sacrifices, burning incense and so on.
If these people are apostates, then meat slaughtered by them is not
permissible under any circumstances, because both reasons are combined
in this case
End quote from Iqtida' al-Siraat al-Mustaqeem, 260
The scholars of the Standing Committee said:
Offering a sacrifice to anyone or anything other than Allah is shirk,
and the meat comes under the same rulings as maytah (dead meat), and
it is not permissible to eat it even if the name of Allah is mentioned
over it, if it isestablished that it was slaughtered for anyone or
anything other than Allah. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah, 1/226
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Offering a sacrifice to anyone or anything other than Allah is
majorshirk, because sacrifice isan act of worship, so theone who
offers a sacrifice to anyone or anything other than Allah is a mushrik
whose shirk puts him beyond the pale of Islam -- whether he sacrifices
that to one of the Angelsor one of the Messengersor one of the
Prophets or one of the caliphs or one of the awliya' (saints) or one
of the scholars. All of that is associating others with Allah, may He
be glorified and exalted, and puts one beyond thepale of Islam.
With regard to eating the meat of these sacrifices, it is haraam,
because it was sacrificedto something or someone other than Allah, and
everything that is sacrificed to something or someone other than
Allah, or was sacrificed on a stone altar, is haraam. End quote.
Majmoo' Fataawa Ibn 'Uthaymeen, 2/148
If this Muslim slaughterman knew thatthis animal that he slaughtered
was being slaughtered for someone or something other than Allah, even
if he mentioned the name of Allah over it, this is major shirk as
stated above. If he slaughtered it and did not know that,rather he was
asked to slaughter it and he did so, thinking that they were
slaughtering it for meat, then there is no blame on him.
And Allah knows best.

Ruling on swearing by the life of the Qur’aan

I swore an oath that my brother should not sleepin the house, and I
said "By the life of the Qur'aan, you shall never sleep in the house."
Then he slept in the house. What do I have todo?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
In the answer to question no. 122729 we stated that it is permissible
to swear by the names and attributesof Allah.
The Qur'aan is the word of Allah, and His word is one of His
attributes, so it is permissible to swearby the Qur'aan. The scholars
of the Standing Committee said:
It is permissible to swearby Allah and His Attributes. The Qur'aan
isthe word of Allah, which is one of His attributes, so it is
permissible to swear by it.
End quote from Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah, 1/354
Secondly:
Swearing by the life of the Qur'aan is not mentioned, as far as we
know, in Islam, either in the Book of Allah or the Sunnah of His
Messenger(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) or the words of
any of his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them).
It seems that the one who swore by this oath intended to swear by the
Qur'aan and spoke inthe manner of the common folk when they swear by
the life of that by which they are swearing. What appears to be the
case is that it comes under the same rulings as the ruling on one who
swears by the Qur'aan.
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked:
We have many people who swear by things other than Allah. For example
they say, "By the life of the Prophet Muhammad (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him)" or "By the life of 'Eesa" or "By the life of Moosa
(peace be upon him)" or "By the life of the Qur'aan" or "By the life
of my father's grave" or "I swear by my honour". Please advise me
about that; may Allah reward you with the best of rewards.
He replied: Swearing by anything other than Allah is not permissible.
Rather the oath should be by Allah alone, may He be glorified and
exalted, because it is proven that the Messenger of Allah (blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath, let him
not swear by anything except by Allah, or else let him remain silent."
And he said: "Whoever swears by anything other than Allah has
associated something with Him (shirk)." Swearing by anything other
than Allah is one of the haraam actions that constitute kufr
(disbelief), but it comes under the heading of minor shirk, unless he
meant that this by whichhe swore was as great asAllah, or that it has
control over the universe, or that it deserves to be called upon
instead of Allah, in which case it becomes major kufr (al-kufr
al-akbar) – Allah forbid.
So if he said "By the life of So and so" or "By the life of the
Messenger" or "By the life of Moosa" or "By the life of 'Eesa" or "By
my father's grave", or he swore by honesty or by the Ka'bah and so on,
all of that is swearing by something other than Allah, and all of that
is not permissibleand is an evil action.
What should be done is to not swear by anything except Allah, may He
be glorified and exalted, or by one of His attributes, or by one of
His names. The Qur'aan isthe word of Allah, and the Qur'aan is one of
theattributes of Allah. So if aperson says "By the Qur'aan" or "By the
life of the Qur'aan", there is nothing wrong with that, because the
Qur'aan is the word of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.
End quote from Fataawa Noor 'ala ad-Darb by Ibn Baaz (p. 236-237)
Thirdly:
If a person swears that his brother or someone else should not sleep
in the house, then he sleeps there, he has to offer expiation for
breaking an oath (kafaarat yameen).
The scholars of the Standing Committee were asked:
I swore an oath to someone, saying: "By Allah, you should not
slaughter the animal," but he did not heed my words and he slaughtered
it, and I ate some of it. Is there any sin on me, and is there any
expiation I have to offer? If there is any expiation I must offer,
please advise me about it.
They replied: If the situation is as you describe, there is no sin on
you for eating from it, but you have to offer expiation for breaking
an oath (kafaarat yameen), by feeding ten poor persons with the same
kind of food as youeat, or clothing them, or freeing a believing
slave.If none of that is possible, then you have to fast for three
days.
End quote from Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah, 23/85
Ibn Baaz (may Allah havemercy on him) was asked:
I have children and I often swear that they should not do such and
such, but they do not respond to my words. DoI have to offer any
expiation in this case?
He replied: If you swear an oath to your children or anyone else, with
the aim that they should do something or should notdo something, then
they go against that, you have to offer expiation for breaking an oath
(kafaarat yameen). End quote from Majmoo' Fataawa Ibn Baaz (23/119)
Fourthly:
If your oath to your brother that he should not sleep in the house was
the result of an argument, then it is not Islamically appropriate.
When you swore that oath, what is Islamically prescribed in your case
is to break the oath and offer expiation for it, because of the report
narrated by al-Bukhaari (6718) and Muslim (1649) from Abu Moosa
al-Ash'ari (may Allah be pleased with him), according to which the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "By Allaah,
if Allaah wills, I do not swear an oath then see something better than
that, but I expiate my oath and do that which is better."
And Muslim (1650) narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased
with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) said: "Whoever swears an oath then sees that something
else is better than it, let him do that and offer expiation for his
oath."
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
These hadeeths indicate that if a person swears to do something or not
to do something, and breaking the oath is better than adhering to it,
it is mustahabb for him to break the oath and he has to offer
expiation. This is something agreed upon.End quote.
And Allah knows best.

She stipulated that in order to marry her he has to memorize Soorat al-Baqarah or Aal ‘Imraan or take her for Hajj

I want to know can memorization of Holy Quran or part of it be made
into a condition for marriage as one sister(she is a Hafiz) has put
this condition out to me to either memorize Surah al-Baqarah or Surah
ale-Imraan and her third option was Hajjafter nikah. I can pick either
of the three. If I pick one of the first two what bothers me then is I
wouldn't be doing it for Allah swt it would be exclusively to gain her
hand. Please explain if this is allowed or not.
Praise be to Allaah.
If you want to marry her because she is religiously committed and you
agree to the condition, seeking thereby the pleasure of Allah and to
achieve this aim, and to marry someone who will help you to obey Allah
and you can help her, then there is nothing wrong with that and this
is partof striving for the Hereafter. Allah says (interpretation of
the meaning):
"And whoever desires the Hereafter and strivesfor it, with the
necessaryeffort due for it (i.e. does righteous deeds of Allaah's
obedience) while he is a believer (in the Oneness of Allaah Islâmic
Monotheism) — then such are the ones whose striving shall be
appreciated, (thanked and rewarded by Allaah)"
[al-Isra' 17:19].
Al-Nasaa'i (3340) narrated that Anas (may Allah be pleased with him)
said: Abu Talhah married Umm Sulaym and the dowry between them was
Islam; Umm Sulaym became Muslim before Abu Talhah. He proposed to her
and she said: I have become Muslim; if you become Muslim I will marry
you. So he became Muslim, and that was the dowry between them. Classed
as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Nasaa'i.
So strive to memorise the Holy Qur'aan as an act of worship and
obedience towards Allah, and seeking His reward and His pleasure.There
is no reason not tolet the request of this sister be what motivates
you to do this act of worship, because it is not contrary to
sincerity.This is like those who enter some religious competitions and
let that a motive to memorise the Holy Qur'aan. So there is nothing
wrong with thatand it is not contrary to sincerity.
The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas were asked:
Taking part in religious competitions that offer cash prizes: are
these prizes halaal orharaam?
They replied: There is nothing wrong with accepting the prizes thatare
donated by people in authority or other doers of good, because that is
encouragement to acquire knowledge and memorise the Book of Allah, may
He be glorified and exalted. In these and similar matters, the
believer should be sincere towards Allah and be happy to have
something that helps him in that, and his motivation should not be
only to get the money. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah, 15/188
And Allah knows best.