When do the first and second “hours” on Friday begin?

* Friday Prayers - - - In the hadeeth about thevirtue of coming early
toJumu'ah prayer it says that the one who comes in the first "hour"
will have a reward like that of one who sacrifices a camel, and the
one who comes in the second "hour" will have a similar reward. I hope
that you can tell me when the first "hour" begins and ends, so that
the second "hour" begins.
Praise be to Allaah.
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
"Whoever comes (to the mosque) in the first hour, it is as if he
sacrificed a camel. Whoever comes at the second hour, it is as if
hesacrificed a cow. Whoever comes at the third hour, it is as if he
sacrificed a horned ram. Whoever comes at the fourth hour, it is as if
he sacrificed a chicken. Whoever comes at the fifth hour, it is as if
he sacrificed an egg. Then when the imam comes out, the angels come in
to listen to the reminder (khutbah)."
Narrated by al-Bukhaari,841; Muslim, 850
The scholars differed as to the definition of thesehours. There are
three opinions.
1 – That they start when dawn breaks
2 – That they start when the sun rises. This is the view of
al-Shaafa'i, Ahmad, and others.
3 – That these 'hours' all fall within one period of time, which is
after the sun has passed its zenith.This is the view of Maalik, and
was favoured by some of the Shaafa'is.
The third view is weak, and was refuted by many.
Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
It is well known that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) used to go out to offer the Jumu'ah prayer straight after
the sun passed its zenith, as do all imams in all regions. That is
after the end of the sixth hour, which indicates that the one who
comes after thesun has passed its zenith has no share of guidance and
virtue, and no reward will be recorded for him at all, because he has
come after the scrolls (of the recording angels) have been rolled up.
The mention of these hours is intended only to encourage people to
come early and attain the reward of being in the first row and waiting
for the prayer, and keeping busy with naafil prayers, dhikr andthe
like. None of that can be achieved by going to the mosque after the
sun has passed its zenith, and there is no virtue in doing so, because
the call to prayer is given at that time and it is haraam to delay
responding to it. End quote.
Al-Majmoo', 4/414
Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
With regard to the view of Maalik that goes against these reports: it
is mustahabb to performJumu'ah prayer just afterthe sun has passed its
zenith. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used
to pray Jumu'ah early, and when the imam comes out the scrolls (of the
recording angels) are rolled up, and no reward is writtendown for the
one who comes to Jumu'ah prayerafter that, so what virtuecan there be
in such a person? End quote.
Al-Mughni, 2/73
The correct view is the second one, which says that these hours begin
when the sun rises, and the time between sunrise and the second adhaan
should be divided into five parts, of which each one is what is meant
by the word saa'ah (lit. "hour") in the hadeeth.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on
him) was asked:
When does the first hourof Friday begin?
He replied:
The hours which were mentioned by the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) are five. He said: "Whoever comes (to the mosque)
in the first hour, it is as if he sacrificed a camel. Whoever comes at
the second hour, it is as if hesacrificed a cow. Whoever comes at the
third hour, it is as if he sacrificed a horned ram. Whoever comes at
the fourth hour, it is as if he sacrificed a chicken. Whoever comes at
the fifth hour, it is as if he sacrificed an egg. Then when the imam
comes out, the angels come in to listen to the reminder (khutbah)." So
the time between sunrise and theimam's arrival is divided into five
parts, each of which may be equivalent to what we know as an hour
(sixty minutes), or it may be more or less, because time changes. So
there are five hours between sunrise and the imam's arrival for the
prayer, starting at sunrise. It wasalso said that it begins atthe
break of dawn, but the first view is more correct, because the time
before sunrise is the time for Fajr prayer.
And Allaah knows best.

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The electricity cut out during Jumu’ah prayer and they were not able to continue following the imam

* Friday Prayers - - - We were praying Jumu'ah, and our mosque is on
several levels. During the first rak'ah the electricity cut out and
the worshipperswho were praying on the second and third levels were
not able to continue following the imam, so they prayed Zuhr. Is what
they did correct?.
Praise be to Allaah.
If that happened before rukoo' (bowing) in the first rak'ah, then what
they did was correct. Butif that happened after bowing with the imam
then they should have completed it as Jumu'ah,with two rak'ahs.
Shaykh 'Abd al-'Azeez ibn Baaz Aal al-Shaykh was asked about a similar
situation and he said: Whoever catches up with one rak'ah of Jumu'ah
then is faced with a problem such as the electricity cutting out and
the like, should complete it as Jumu'ah on his own, i.e., he should
pray the second rak'ah then say the salaam, because in al-Saheehayn it
is narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) that
the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
said: "Whoever catches up with one rak'ah of the prayer has caught
upwith the prayer." One catches up with the rak'ah by catching up with
the rukoo' (bowing). The one who does not catch up with rukoo' with
the imam has not caught up with the rak'ah. Based on this, if the
people mentioned in the question did not catch up with anything but
the opening takbeer with the imam, then they should have prayedit as
Zuhr.

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Ruling on collecting donations during the Jumu’ah khutbah

* Friday Prayers - - - What is the ruling on collecting donations
during the second Jumu'ah khutbah, when the khateeb calls for that?
What is the ruling on doing that at the time of the du'aa' in the
second khutbah? Is Jumu'ah prayer invalidated by giving donations
during the khutbah? Is the Jumu'ah prayer of those who go among the
rows to collect donations invalidated?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
Those who attend Fridayprayers should focus fully on the khutbah. It
isnot permissible to be distracted from it, whether by returning a
greeting or denouncing one who talks during the khutbah.
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) said: "Whoever does wudoo' and does wudoo' well, then comesto
Jumu'ah and listens attentively, will be forgiven (his sins) between
that and (the next) Jumu'ah, and threedays in addition to that, but
whoever touches thepebbles has engaged in an idle action." Narratedby
Muslim (875).
Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
The words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him),
"but whoever touches the pebbles has engaged in an idle action" show
that touching the pebbles and other kinds of fidgeting during the
khutbah are forbidden. This indicates that the heart should be focused
fully on the khutbah. What is meant by idle action is false and
blameworthy things. Endquote.
Sharh Muslim (6/147)
Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan (may Allaah preserve him) said:
It is not permissible to fidget during the khutbah with one's hand,
foot, beard, garment or anything else, because the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "but whoever touches the
pebbles has engaged in an idle action." According to another hadeeth:
"Whoever engages in idle actions or steps over the people's necks, it
is Zuhr prayer for him." Becausefidgeting prevents khushoo' (proper
focus and humility). Similarly, it is not appropriate for him to turn
to his right or left, or be distracted by looking at the people,and so
on, because that distracts him from listening to the khutbah.Rather he
should face towards the khateeb as the Sahaabah (may Allaah be pleased
with them) used to face towards the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) during the khutbah. End quote.
Al-Mulakhkhas al-Fiqhi (1/176).
Collecting donations from the people who areattending the Jumu'ah
khutbah distracts them greatly from the khutbah. It causes movement on
the part ofthe one collecting the donations and the people who are
giving them, and it involves thecollector stepping over the necks of
people. All of that is forbidden and goes against the purpose of
Jumu'ah and the khutbah. This is not necessary, because donations can
be delayed until after the prayer has ended. The one who does that is
deprived of the reward of Jumu'ah and it is merely Zuhr for him.
It was narrated from 'Abd-Allaah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'Aas (may Allaah be
pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) said: "Whoever does ghusl on Friday and puts on some of his
wife's perfume, if she has any, and puts on his best clothes then does
not step over the people's necks and does not engage in idle actions
during the exhortation, that will be an expiation for whatever comes
between them (two Fridays). But the one who engages in idle actions
and steps over the people's necks, it willbe Zuhr for him." Narrated
by Abu Dawood (347); classed ashasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh
al-Targheeb (721). i.e., it will be like Zuhr in reward, and because
of his idle actions and stepping over people's necks, he will be
deprived of the great reward which is attained by the one whoprays
Jumu'ah. 'Awn al-Ma'bood.
Shaykh al-Fawzaan (mayAllaah preserve him) said:
It is not permissible for the one who is listening to the khutbah to
give charity to a beggar during the khutbah, because the beggar has
done something that it isnot permissible for him to do, so he should
not help him in doing something that is not permissible, which is
speaking during the khutbah. End quote.
Al-Mulakhkhas al-Fiqhi (1/175).
Secondly:
The prohibition on speaking or playing withthe pebbles etc applies
equally both at the beginning of the khutbah and during the du'aa'.
What some of thefuqaha' said about it being permissible to speak
during the du'aa' is a weak view.
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
Some of the fuqaha' (may Allaah have mercy on them) said that whenthe
imam starts to say du'aa' during the khutbah, it is permissibleto
speak, because the du'aa' is not one of the pillars (essential parts)
ofthe khutbah, and speaking during something that is not one of the
pillars of the khutbah is permissible. But this is a weak view,
because so long as the du'aa' is connected to the khutbah it is part
of it. It was narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) used to pray for forgiveness for the believers every
Friday during the khutbah.
The correct view is that so long as the imam is speaking, whether it
is the essential parts of thekhutbah or what comes after it, speaking
is haraam. End quote.
Al-Sharh al-Mumti' (5/110).
And Allaah knows best.

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The virtue of Friday

* Friday Prayers - - - Which day of the week do you consider most
holy and your sabboth?
Praise be to Allaah.
It should be noted that the entire life of a Muslim is worship of
Allaah; there is no special day for worship, for the Muslim is
worshipping Allaah all the time. But there is a day which Allaah has
made special for this ummah (nation), the nation of Muhammad (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him), andwhich Allaah has favoured
above all the other days of the week. That day is Friday. There are a
number of hadeeths which speak ofthe virtue of this day, including the
following:
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "We (Muslims) are the last
(of the nations) but (we will be) the foremost on the Day of
Resurrection, although the former nations were given their scriptures
before us and we were given our after them. And this (Friday) is the
day concerning which they disputed. So Allaah guided us (to it),
tomorrow (i.e., Saturday) is for the Jews and the day after (i.e.,
Sunday) is for the Christians." (Narrated by al-Bukhaari, al-Jumu'ah,
847).
It was also narrated (by al-Bukhaari) that the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "The best day on
which the sun rises is Friday. On this day Adam was created, on this
day he entered Paradise and on this day he was expelled from it."
(Narrated by Muslim, al-Jumu'ah, 1410)
It was narrated that Taariq ibn Shihaab said: "A Jewish man said to
'Umar, 'O Commander of the faithful, if this aayah – 'This day, I have
perfected your religion for you, completed My Favour upon you, and
have chosen for you Islam as your religion' [al-Maa'idah 5:3 –
interpretation of the meaning] – had been revealed to us, we would
have taken that day as an 'Eid (festival)." 'Umar said, "I know on
which day this aayah was revealed; it was revealed on the Day of
'Arafaah, which was a Friday." (Narrated by al-Bukhaari, Al-I'tisaam
bi'l-Kitaab wa'l-Sunnah, 6726).
Among the hadeeth which explain the reward for this day is that which
was narratedby Abu Hurayrah, which says that the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Each of the five
daily prayers and from one Jumu'ah prayer to the next is an expiation
for the time in between, so long as one does not commit any major
sin." (al-Tahaarah, 342).
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: "The Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: 'When Friday comes,
at each door of the mosque there are angels who write down the first
ones to come to the mosque. Then when the imaam sits down they close
their books and come to listen to thesermon. The one who comes early
(for Friday prayer) is like who sacrificed a camel, then those who
come after him (in order of their coming) are like one who sacrificed
a cow, then one who sacrificed a horned ram, then one who sacrificed a
chicken, then like one who offered an egg." (narrated by al-Bukhaari,
al-Jumu'ah, 1416).
It was also narrated in a hadeeth that the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "One of the best of your days
is Friday. On it Adam was created and on it he died. On it the Trumpet
will be blown and on it all creatures will perish (prior to the
Resurrection on the Last Day). So send many blessings upon me on that
day, for your blessings will be shown to me." They said, "How will our
blessings be shown to you when yourbody will have become dust?" He
said, "Allaah has forbidden the earth to consume our [Prophets']
bodies." (Narrated by Abu Dawood and al-Nasaa'i; classed as saheeh by
al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Targheeb wa'l-Tarheeb, no. 695).
It was narrated in a hadeeth that the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) said: "Whoever makes his wife do ghusl and does
ghusl himself [i.e., has intercourse] on Friday and goes out early,
walking not riding, and comes close to the imaam and listens [to the
sermon] without interrupting, will have for each step he takes a
reward equal to that of fasting and praying at night for one year."
(Narrated by Ahmad and al-Tirmidhi; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh al-Targheeb wa'l-Tarheeb, no. 687)
It was narrated from AbuHurayrah that the Messenger of Allaah (peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) mentioned Friday and said: "On
this day there is an hour when no Muslim slave stands and prays and
asks Allaah forsomething, but Allaah will give it to him," and he
gestured with his hand to indicate that whatever he asks fo , is as
nothing to Allaah. (Narrated by al-Bukhaari, al-Jumu'ah, 883)
It was narrated from Anas ibn Maalik that the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Seek the hour in which there
is hope that prayers will be answered, on Friday after 'Asr
(mid-afternoon) prayer, until the sun goes down." (Narrated by
al-Tirmidhi; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Targheeb
wa'l-Tarheeb, no. 700).
And Allaah knows best.

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