1b] Saying takbeer from Soorat al-Duha to Sooratal-Naas

1b]
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told the majority of reciters to add an extra takbeer thenthey disobeyed the command of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and failed to do what he had commanded them to do, deserves to be punished severely as a deterrent to him and others like him.
With regard to the takbeer, the one who saysthat it is part of the Qur’aan has gone astray according to scholarly consensus and must be asked to repent; if he repents, all well and good,otherwise he should be executed. How could the one who does not recite itbe denounced for not reciting it? The one who regard a person who doesnot say this takbeer as an innovator or one who goes against the Sunnah or a sinner, is closer to kufr than Islam and should be punished; indeed if he insists on thatafter having the proof explained to him, then he should be executed.
If we assume [?] that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told some of those who recited it to say takbeer, then at most this indicates that it is permissible or mustahabb. If it were obligatory, the majority ofreciters would not have neglected it and the imams of the Muslims would not have agreed that it is not obligatory. But none of the imams narrated that the takbeer is obligatory, rather the most that anyone who reads according to the recitation of Ibn Katheer can say is that it is mustahabb. This is unlike the Basmalah, recitation of which is obligatory according to those who regard it as part of the Qur’aan, but despite that the reciters allow not reciting it if one does not want to use it as a break between one soorah and another. So how could it not be allowed to omit the takbeer, which is not part of the Qur’aan? End quote.
Majmoo’ al-Fataawa (13/417-419)
And he (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
The takbeer that is narrated from Ibn Katheeris not narrated with an isnad from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and no one attributed it to theProphet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) except al-Bazzi,who thus went against allthose who narrated it, as they only narrated it as something optional that was done by some of those who came after the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and he was the only one who attributed it to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). His transmission was regarded as da’eef (weak) by the specialists in hadeeth and biography among the scholars of recitation and hadeeth, aswas mentioned by more than one of the scholars. End quote.
Majmoo’ al-Fataawa (17/130).
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked:
Some of the reciters of Qur’aan separate one soorah from another by saying Allaahu akbar instead of the basmalah. Is that permissible, and is there any evidence for it?
He replied:
This is contrary to what the Sahaabah (may Allaahbe pleased with them) did, who separated one soorah from another by saying Bismillaah il-Rahmaan il-Raheem, and it is contrary to the scholarly view that the soorahs of the Qur’aan should not be separated by takbeer throughout the Qur’aan.
At the very most, there are some reciters who regard it as mustahabb for a person to say takbeer when he finishes every soorah from al-Duha to the end of the Qur’aan, along with the Basmalah between every two soorahs. But the correct view is that this is not Sunnah, because that was not narrated from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). Based on this, what is prescribed is to separate one soorah from another by saying the Basmalah, Bismillaah il-Rahmaan il-Raheem, except in the case of Soorat Baraa’ah (al-Tawbah), as there is noBasmalah between al-Anfaal and it. End quote.
Fataawa Islamiyyah (4/48).
Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd (may Allaah preserve him)mentions in his Book Bida’al-Qurraa’ (p. 27) seven things that have to do reading the entire Qur’aan, of which we maymention:
Saying takbeer at the end of Soorat al-Duha until the end of Soorat al-Naas, both when praying and otherwise.
Then he said:
There are no saheeh reports about these seventhings from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) or from his companions (may Allaah be pleased with them). Most of that which is narrated about some of them cannot be taken as evidence. The correct view is that none of these things are prescribed in sharee’ah. End quote.
The Shaykh of the reciters in al-Madeenah al-Munawwarah, Shaykh Ibraaheem al-Akhdar, has written an essay entitled Takbeer al-Khatam bayna al-Qurraa’ wa’l-Muhadditheen, at theend of which he says:
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1a] Saying takbeer from Soorat al-Duha to Sooratal-Naas

1a]
Is it permissible to say tahleel (laa ilaaha ill-Allaah) and takbeer
(Allaahu akbar) from after Soorat al-Duha until Soorat al-Naas? Is
that proven from the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) or the Sahaabah or Taabi'een?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
The scholars differed concerning the ruling on saying takbeer after
everysoorah from Soorat al-Duha to al-Naas. Imam Ahmad regarded it as
mustahabb but the other imams differed with him. There is another
report from Imam Ahmad which is in accordance with the view of the
majority. The correct view is that it is not prescribed to say
takbeer, and this is not proven in any marfoo' hadeeth from the
Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). There is also no
saheeh report about this takbeer from any of the Sahaabah (may Allaah
be pleased with them), rather it was proven from some of the qurraa'
(reciters) of the people of Makkah.
It was narrated that 'Ikrimah ibn Sulaymaan said: I recited to
Ismaa'eelibn 'Abd-Allaah ibn Constantine, and when I reached Wa'l-duha
(i.e., Soorat al-Duha), he said tome: Say takbeer, say takbeer at the
end of every soorah until you complete (the Qur'aan). 'Abd-Allaah ibn
Katheer told him that he recited toMujaahid and he told him to do
that, and Mujaahid told him that Ibn 'Abbaas had told him to do that,
and Ibn 'Abbaas told him that Ubayy ibn Ka'b told him to do that, and
Ubayyibn Ka'b told him that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) told him to do that.
Narrated by al-Haakim in al-Mustadrak (3/304).
This hadeeth is da'eef (weak). Its isnaad includesAhmad ibn Muhammad
ibn 'Abd-Allaah ibn Abi Bazzah al-Muqri'. Abu Haatim said: His hadeeth
is da'eef (weak) and I will not narrate from him. Al-'Aqeeli said: His
hadeeth is munkar (odd). Al-Dhahabi said: This is a ghareeb (strange)
hadeeth, and it is one of the hadeeth of al-Bazzi that were regarded
as munkar. Abu Haatim said: This is munkar. And he said: Al-Haakim
regarded his hadeeth about takbeeras saheeh, but it is munkar.
See: al-Du'afa' by al-'Aqeeli (1/127); and Mizaan al-I'tidaal (1/144,
145) and Siyar A'laam al-Nubala' (12/51), both by Imam al-Dhahabi.
Ibn Muflih al-Hanbali (mayAllaah have mercy on him) said:
Ahmad regarded it is mustahabb to say takbeerfrom the beginning of
Soorat al-Duha until the end of the Qur'aan. This was mentioned by Ibn
Tameem and others, and this is the recitation of thepeople of Makkah,
which al-Bazzi took from Ibn Katheer, and Ibn Katheer took it from
Mujaahid, and Mujaahid took it fromIbn 'Abbaas, and Ibn 'Abbaas took
it from Ubayy ibn Ka'b, and Ubayyibn Ka'b took it from the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). A number of them narrated
that, including al-Baghawi in his Tafseer, and the reason for that is
that the Wahy (revelation) ceased.
This is a ghareeb hadeeth,reported by Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn
'Abd-Allaah al-Bazzi, who is sound with regard to recitation but
da'eef (weak) with regard to hadeeth.
Ibn Haatim al-Raazi said: This is a munkar hadeeth.
It was also narrated from him – i.e., Imam Ahmad – that there should
be no takbeer, as is the view of all reciters. End quote.
Al-Adaab al-Shar'iyyah (2/295, 296).
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) was asked
about a group who gathered to read the entire Qur'aan (khatmah) and
they were reading to 'Aasim and Abu 'Amr. When they reached Soorat
al-Duha, they did not say Laa ilaaha ill-Allaah or Allaahu akbar,until
they reached the endof the Qur'aan. Is what they did better or not? Is
the hadeeth which is narrated about saying tahleel and takbeer saheeh
and mutawaatir, or not?
He replied:
Praise be to Allaah. Yes, if they recited in accordancewith a
recitation other than that of Ibn Katheer, their not doing that is
better, and is in fact what is prescribed and is Sunnah. These imams
of recitation did not say takbeer either at the beginning of the
soorahs or at the ends. If it is acceptable to say that Ibn Katheer
narrated the takbeer from the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him), it is acceptable for others to say that these
people narrated the omission of that from the Messenger of Allaah
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) too. It is not possible
that the recitation of the majority that was narrated by more people
than the recitation of Ibn Katheer omitted something enjoined by the
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him),
because those who narrated mutawaatir reports could not have concealed
something for which there was good reason to narrate it. The one who
accepts that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him) told :->

‘Chemical in lipsticks can cause heart problems’

A chemical commonly usedin lipsticks, handwashes and other personal
care products may cause heart problems and muscle impairment, a new
study has claimed.
Scientists at the University of California have found that triclosan,
which is used in hundreds of household products, can hinder the
process by which muscles, including the heart, receive signals from
the brain.
In tests on mice, they noted a 'dramatic' 25 per cent reduction in
heart function within 20 minutes of exposure, and warned there is
'strong evidence' it could affect human health.
However regulators and other experts insist triclosan levels in
productsare safe, and that the doses injected into the mice were
higher than those to which humans would ever be exposed.
Previous studies have found that triclosan may have links to thyroid
and fertility problems, this is the first time its effects have been
tested on muscles.
Scientists had thought thatthe chemical — which wasdevised to prevent
bacterial infections in hospitals — was metabolised quickly by thebody
without harmful effects.
However, the researchers at the University of California say it may
remain active and be transported to organs, causing damage.
"Triclosan is found in virtually everyone's home and is pervasive in
the environment," said professor Isaac Pessah, who led the study,
published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences .
"These findings provide strong evidence that it is of concern to both
human and environmental health,"
"For someone who is healthy a 10 per cent dropin heart function may
not have an effect, but if you have heart disease it couldmake a big
difference," Pessah said.
His team injected a group of mice with triclosan. They saw a
'significantly reduced' function in the heart's left ventricle
within20 minutes.
"The effects of triclosan oncardiac function were really dramatic,"
said Nipavan Chiamvimonvat, professor of cardiovascularmedicine at UC
Davis and astudy co-author.

Repentance (tawbah) - on compensating for acts of worship deliberately neglected in the past

I have neglected many rights of Allah in the past, such as prayers, fasts, and zakah. Am I required to repeat them or compensate for them?
As far as the five daily prayers are concerned, thepreferred opinion is that the repetition or compensation (or what is known as qadaa' in Arabic), is not obligatory for the reason that prayers are obligatory at a particular time, and once that time has elapsed, there is no way to offer them. However one ought to seek Allah's forgiveness and offer as many nawafil (voluntary prayers) as possible.
As for fasting-yes, if a person was a Muslim at the time they became obligatory and he did not fast, then their performance is required, accompanied by feeding of a poor Muslim for everyday of fast that was not observed during previous years. What is required is always a day for a day-no more, no less.
Example 1: A person did not fast three days of Ramadan of the year 1400 A.H., and five days ofRamadan of the year 1401 A.H., all out of negligence. He must now fast 8 days, and feed eightpoor Muslims in compensation.
Example 2: A girl reached puberty in the Ramadan of the year 1400 A.H. but out of shame and modesty did not inform anyone of her menstruation, and, rather,continued fasting say for eight days of her period. Thereafter, she repented. She would then be required to redo eight days of fasting.
It may also be pointed out here that this is the predominant position. A minority opinion is that the ruling for fasting is the same as that for the prayers, i.e., there is no qadaa' (making up) for fasting in the case of a person who did not fast and did not have a valid reason for not fasting.
As for he who did not offer the obligatory zakah, it is necessary for arepentant to them for all previous unpaid years, forit is, from one angle, Allah's right, while from another, the poor people'sright. (See Madaarij Al-Salikin for further details).
Excerpts from the book"I would like to repent BUT..."

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