Should one return salaams to aparrot?!

In my grandfather's house thereis a real live parrot, and when I pass
by it, it greets me and says 'al-salaamu 'alaykum". In this case do I
have to return the greeting of this bird?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
Al-Fayyoomi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
The babgha' (parrot) is a well-known bird. The word babgha' may be
masculine or feminine, and the plural is Babghawaat.
Al-Misbaah al-Muneer fi Ghareeb al-Sharh al-Kabeer, 1/35
Secondly:
It seems that it is not prescribed to return the greeting of a parrot
which has learnt how to say salaams, because saying salaam is an act
of worship and a supplication which requires intention on the part of
the one who said it, and there is no suchintention on the part of this
trained creature. So one should not return its greeting. The ruling is
the same as that on a tape on which the greeting is recorded and can
be heard. It is transmission of sound and doesnot come under the
ruling on greeting when it is broadcast live, in which case returning
thegreeting is prescribed and is a communal obligation (fard
kifaayah).
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Sometimes the greeting may be recorded and they put it on the tape and
run it. If it is recorded then you are not obliged to return the
greeting, because thisis just transmission of sound.
Liqa' al-Bab al-Mmaftooh, 28/229
See the rest of the fatwa and details on this issue in the answer to
question number 128737 .
Based on that, the parrot does not intend to give the greeting of
salaam, because it does not possess the power of reason, and when it
speaks it is just repeating what it has been taught, without meaning
what itsays.
Some of the scholars have stated that it is not prescribed toprostrate
if one hears a verse from a parrot or from a recorded tape.
One of the conclusions of the book Bahjat al-Asma' fi Ahkaam al-Samaa'
fi'l-Fiqh al-Islami by Prof. 'Ali ibn Dhariyaan ibn Faaris al-Hasan
al-'Anzi (published by Dar al-Manaar in Kuwait) is:
The listener need not do the prostration of recitation if he hears it
from a source that is nothuman, such as a trained bird like a parrot
or hearing it from an echo. End quote.
And Allah knows best.

It is haraam for a man to shake hands with a non-mahram woman in the Maaliki madhhab

I want to know in what reference it says that Imam Maalik forbade a
man to shake hands with a non-mahram woman.
There is an opinion which says that there are four possible scenarios,
and in only one is it regarded as haraam for a man to shake hands with
a non-mahram woman. These four scenarios are: when the one who is
shaking hands does it for the sake of pleasure and finds pleasure in
it; when he does it for the sake of pleasure but does not find
pleasure in it; when he does not do it for the sake of pleasure but
finds pleasure in it; and when he doesnot do it for the sake of
pleasure and does not find pleasure in it.
Who is the author of this opinion? Does he belong to the Maaliki madhhab?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
In Mukhtasar al-Akhdari and other Maaliki books there is an indication
that it is haraam to shake hands with a non-mahram woman according to
the madhhab of Maalik (may Allah have mercy on him).
'Aleesh said in Minah al-Jaleel Sharh Mukhtasar Khaleel (1/22): It is
not permissible for a man totouch the face or hand of a non-mahram
woman, and it is not permissible for them to put their hands together
without a barrier. 'Aa'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) never accepted the
oath of allegiance (bay'ah) of a woman by holdingher hand; he would
accept women's oath of allegiance verbally. According to another
report: His hand never touched the hand of a woman; rather he would
accept their oath of allegiance verbally. End quote.
Secondly:
The details that you mentioned have to do with losing wudoo' by
touching; wudoo' is broken in the event of seeking pleasure,or finding
pleasure (even if he was not seeking it), or seeking itand finding it.
Wudoo' is not broken when one does not seekpleasure or find it.
The prohibition is connected to doing it deliberately, whether there
is pleasure or not.

And Allah knows best.

2a] What Do Muslims Believe about Jesus?

2a]
:-> So believe in Allah and His messengers . . . " (Qur'an 4:171; see
also 66:12).
In the above passage Jesus in called by four noble titles. He is the
Messiah, the Messenger of Allah, a Word from Allah, and a Spirit from
Allah. In the same passage, it is clear that the Qur'an seeksto
discourage exaggeration in religion. Further in the same passage,
Allah says:
"Allah is only One God. Faris it removed from His transcendent majesty
thatHe should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all
that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender" (Qur'"an
4:171).
Refusing to call Jesus son of God is not done with a view to belittle
Jesus. No! On the contrary, it is done to Glorify God, to magnify His
name, and to proclaimHis transcendent majesty.
The Qur'"an confirms that Jesus was born of a virgin.When the angel
announced to Mary, on whom be peace, that she will bear a child, she
said:
"My Lord! How can I have a child when no mortal has touched me"
She received the following reply:
"So (it will be). Allah creates what He will. If Hedecrees a thing, He
says unto it only: Be! and it is. (Qur'"an 3: 45, 47).
In another surah, after relating the incidents surrounding the birth
of the Messiah, the Qur'"an concludes as follows:
"It befits not (the majesty of) Allah that He should take unto Himself
a son. Glory be to Him! When he decrees a thing, He says unto it only:
Be! and it is."" (Qur'an 19:35).
The Qur'an seeks to correct a common misconception in the minds of
people. Many assume that since Jesus had no father then God must be
his father.
Glory be to Allah. He does not father children. He created everyone we
know from a man and a woman. But He created Adam from neither a man
nor a woman. And He created Eve from a man, but not from a woman.
Then, as if to complete the picture, God created Jesus from a woman
but not from a man. God has demonstrated His power to create in every
way.
Allah says:
"Lo! the likeness of Jesus with Allah is as the likeness of Adam. He
created him from dust, then he said unto him: Be!and he is" (3:59).
It is important to realise that Jesus, on whom be peace, never taught
that he is the Son of God. Allah says that those who call Jesus "Son
of God" are following the saying of other people (see surah 9:30).
Jesus taught only what he was commanded(5:117). He himself was quite
pleased with being a servant of Allah (4:172). As a messenger of
Allah, Jesus knew that none in the heavens or the earth can approach
Allah exceptas a slave (19:93).
Finally, those who say that God has a son should know that they have
no warrant for this, but they are saying something without knowledge
(10:68).
In the next part,
God willing, we will see from acareful study of the Bible that Jesus
never called himself God's son.

2] What Do Muslims Believe about Jesus?

2]
Muslims respect and revere Jesus (peace be upon him). They consider
him one of the greatest ofGod's messengers to mankind. The Quran
confirms his virgin birth, and a chapter of the Quran is entitled
'Maryam'(Mary). The Quran describes the birth of Jesus as follows:
(Remember) when the angels said, "O Mary, God gives you good news of a
word from Him (God), whose name is the Messiah Jesus, son of Mary,
revered in this world and the Hereafter, and one of those brought near
(to God). He will speak to the people from his cradle and as a man,
and he is of the righteous." She said, "My Lord, how can I have a
child when no mortal has touched me?" He said, "So(it will be). God
creates what He wills. If He decrees a thing, He says toit only, 'Be!'
and it is." (Quran, 3:45-47)
Jesus was born miraculously by the command of God, the same command
that had brought Adam into being with neither a father nor a mother.
God has said:
The case of Jesus with Godis like the case of Adam. He created him
from dust,and then He said to him,"Be!" and he came into being.
(Quran, 3:59)
During his prophetic mission, Jesus performed many miracles. God tells
us that Jesus said:
"I have come to you with a sign from your Lord. I make for you the
shape ofa bird out of clay, I breathe into it, and it becomes a bird
by God's permission. I heal the blind from birth and the leper. And I
bring the dead to life by God's permission. And I tell you what you
eat and what you store in your houses...." (Quran, 3:49)
Muslims believe that Jesuswas not crucified. It was the plan of Jesus'
enemiesto crucify him, but God saved him and raised him up to Him. And
the likeness of Jesus was put over another man. Jesus' enemies took
this man and crucified him, thinking that he was Jesus. God has said:
...They said, "We killed theMessiah Jesus, son of Mary, the messenger
of God." They did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but the
likeness of him was put on another man (and they killed that man)...
(Quran, 4:157)
Neither Muhammad nor Jesus came to change the basic doctrine of the
beliefin one God, brought by earlier prophets, but rather to confirm
and renew it.
Jesus is a Servant of God
It will be quickly obvious that they often referred tohim as a servant
of God, but never Son of God. Peter, for example, said:
"The God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, the God of our fathers, has
glorified his servant Jesus"(Acts 3:13).
Peter further said:
"God raised up his servant" (Acts 3:26), where the title servant
refers to Jesus.
Not only Peter, but the entire group of believers viewed Jesus as
God's servant. When they raisedtheir voices together in prayer to God,
in the course of their speaking to God they called Jesus"your holy
servant Jesus whom you anointed" (Acts 4:27). They repeatedthis title
also in verse 30. Consistently, Jesus was being called servant of God
by the original followers of Jesus.
Some people mistakenly thought that the disciples called Jesus Son of
God. Aninconsistency of translation actually helped to give this wrong
impression. In the King James Bible, the translators call Jesus "Son
of God" in Acts 3:13, 26, and "child of God" in Acts 4:27. They simply
translated the Greek wordpaida as "son" or "child". But the word paida
also means "servant", and the present context demands this translation
since the author of Acts is trying in this passage to establish that
Jesus is indeed the servant of God.
The translators knew that the Greek word paida means servant. When the
same word was used for David in chapter 4, verse 25, they translated
it"servant". Why not call Jesus also by the same title? Or, if they
feel that"son" is the correct translation, why not also call David
"Son of God"? Jesus and David are both called by the same title in
Greek. Why not call them by a same title in English also?
Other translators recognized this inconsistency and corrected it in
the moderntranslations of the Bible. Therefore the New International
Version of the Bible and many otherscall Jesus Servant of God in the
verses already quoted above. Nevertheless, the fact thatJesus was
God's servant was so well known that even the King James Bible called
him by this title in Matthew 12:18. Referring back to Isaiah 42:1,
Matthew identified Jesus as the servant of the one true God Yahweh.
In the next part, we will see how the eagerness in some people to call
Jesus"Son of God" led them to invent explanations that indirectly
insult God.
The Messiah, Jesus Son of Mary
"O People of the Scripture!Do not exaggerate in yourreligion, and do
not say anything concerning Allahexcept the truth. The Messiah, Jesus
son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He
conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His
messengers . . . " (Qur'an 4:171; see also 66:12).