1a] Fasting According to the Quran

1a]
In addition the practice of the Companions was not uniform. It would
seem that any journey which is commonly regarded as such, and which is
attended by the circumstances generally associated with traveling,
should be deemed sufficient justification for not fasting.
Jurists agree that one does not have to fast on the day of commencing
ajourney; one may eat either at the point of departure or after the
actual journey has commenced. Either course is sanctioned by the
practice of the Companions. Jurists, however, are not agreed as to
whether or not the residents of a city under attack may abstain from
fasting even though theyare not actually traveling. Ibn Taymiyah
favors the permissibility of abstention from fasting and supports his
view with very forceful arguments.
5. This indicates that fasting need not be confined, exclusively, to
Ramadan. For those whofail to fast during that month owing to some
legitimate reason God has kept the door of compensation open during
other months of the year so that they need not be deprived of the
opportunity to express their gratitude to Him for His great bounty in
revealing the Qur'an.
It should be noted here that fasting in Ramadan has not only been
declared an act of worship and devotion and a means to nourish piety
but has also been characterized as an act ofgratefulness to God for
His great bounty of true guidance in the form of the Qur'an. In fact,
the best way of expressing gratitude for someone's bounty or
benevolence isto prepare oneself, to thebest of one's ability, to
achieve the purpose for which that bounty has been bestowed. The
Qur'an has been revealedso that we may know the way that leads to
God's good pleasure, follow that way ourselves and direct the world
along it. Fasting is an excellent means by which to prepare ourselves
for shoulderingthis task. Hence fasting during the month of the
revelation of the Qur'an is more than an act of worship and more than
an excellent course of moral training; it is also an appropriate form
for the expression of our thankfulness to God for the bounty of the
Qur'an.
Excerpted from "Towards Understanding the Qur'an".Translated and
edited by Zafar Ishaq Ansari. English version of Tafhim al-Qur'anby
Sayyid Abul Ala Mawdudi.

--
- - - - - - -

1] Fasting According to the Quran

1]
Believers! Fasting is enjoined upon you, as it was enjoined upon those
before you, that you become God fearing. Quran 2:183
Fasting is for a fixed number of days, and if one of you be sick, or
if one of you be on a journey, you will fast the same number of other
days later on. For those who are capable of fasting (but still do not
fast) there is a redemption: feeding a needy man for each day missed.
Whoever, voluntarily, does more good than is required, will find it is
better for him; and that you shouldfast is better for you, if you only
know. Quran 2:184
During the month of Ramadan the Qur'an wassent down as a guidanceto
the people with clear signs of the true guidance, and as the Criterion
(between right and wrong). So those of you who live to see that month
should fast it, andwhoever is sick or on a journey should fast the
same number of other days instead. Allah wants ease and not hardship
for you so that you may complete the number of days required,magnify
Allah for what He has guided you to, and give thanks to Him. Quran
2:185
1. Like most other injunctions of Islam those relating to fasting were
revealed gradually. In the beginning the Prophet had instructed the
Muslims tofast three days in every month, though this was not
obligatory. When theinjunction in the present verse was later revealed
in 2 A.H., a degree of relaxation was introduced: it was stipulated
that those who did not fast despite their capacity to endure it were
obliged to feed one poor person as an expiation for each day
ofobligatory fasting missed(see verse 184). Another injunction was
revealed later (see verse 185) and here the relaxation in respect of
able-bodied persons was revoked. However, for the sick, thetraveler,
the pregnant, the breast-feeding women and the aged who could not
endure fasting, the relaxation was retained.
(See Bukhari, `Tafsir al-Qur'an', 25; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 21; Nasa'i,
`Siyam', 51, 62, 64; Ibn Majah, `Siyam', 12; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad,
vol. 3, p. 104; vol. 4, pp. 347 and 418; vol. 5, p. 29 - Ed.)
2. This act of extra merit could either be feeding more than the one
person required or both fasting and feeding the poor.
3. Here ends the early injunction with regard tofasting which was
revealed in 2 A.H. prior tothe Battle of Badr. The verses that follow
were revealed about one year later and are linked with the preceding
verses since they deal with the same subject.
4. Whether a person shouldor should not fast while on a journey is
left to individual discretion. We find that among the Companions who
accompanied the Prophet on journeys some fasted whereas others did
not; none objected to the conduct of another. The Prophet himself did
not always fast when traveling. On one journey a person was so
overwhelmed by hunger that he collapsed; the Prophet disapproved when
he learned that the man had been fasting. During wars the Prophet used
toprevent people from fasting so that they would not lack energy for
the fight. It has been reported by 'Umar that two military expeditions
took place in the month of Ramadan. The first was the Battle of Badr
and the second the conquest of Makka. On both occasions the Companions
abstained from fasting, and, according to Ibn 'Umar, on the occasion
of the conquest of Makka the Prophet proclaimed that people should not
fast since it was a day of fighting. In other Traditions the Prophet
is reported to have said that people should not fast when they had
drawn close. to the enemy, since abstention from fasting would lead to
greater strength.
(See Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 3, p. 329, and vol. 5, pp. 205 and
209; Darimi, `Sawm', 41; Muslim, `Siyam', 92; Nasa'i, `Siyam', 47;
Bukhari, `Maghazi', 71; Muslim, `Siyam', 102; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad,
vol. 3, pp. 21, 35, .46; Tirmidhi, 'Sawm',18; Nasa'i, `Siyam', 52;
Bukhari, `Jihad', 29; Muslim, `Siyam', 98; Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm', 42;
Muslim, `Siyam', 102, 103, 105; Ahmad b. Hanbal, Musnad, vol. 2, 99;
Tirmidhi, 'Sawm', 19 -Ed.)
The duration of a journey for which it becomes permissible for a
person to abstain from fasting is not absolutely clear from any
statementof the Prophet.
(cf. relevant Traditions Abu Da'ud, 'Sawm', 46, 47; Nasa'i, `Siyam',
54, 55; Malik, Muwatta', `Siyam', 21, 27 - Ed.)....

--
- - - - - - -

Kindness surely paysback

One day, a poor boy who was selling goods from door to door to pay his
way through school, found he had only one thin dime left, and he
washungry.
He decided he would ask for a meal at the next house. However, he lost
his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal
he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so
broughthim a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked,
"How much do I owe you?"
"You don't owe me anything," she replied."Mother has taught us never
to accept pay for a kindness." He said....."Then I thank you from my
heart."
Year's later that young woman became critically ill. The local doctors
were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where they called
in a specialist to study her rare disease. After a long struggle, the
battle was won. Finally business office pass the final bill to
specialist for approval. He looked at it, then wrote something on the
edge and the bill was sent back.
When she got the bill, shefeared to open it, for she was sure it would
take the rest of her life to pay for it all. Finally she looked, and
something caught her attention on the side of the bill.
She read these words....."Paid in full with one glass of milk"
(Signed) Dr. Hasan Amin.
Tears of joy flooded her eyes.

--
- - - - - - -

The mother's hand

My mother was visiting, she asked me to go shopping with her because
she needed a new dress. I don't normally like to go shopping and I'm
not a patient person, but we setoff for the mall together. We visited
nearly every store that carried ladies' dresses, and my mother tried
on dress after dress, rejecting them all. As the day wore on, I grew
weary.
Finally, at our last stop, my mother tried on a lovely blue
three-piece dress. The blouse had a bow at the neckline, and as I
stood in the dressing room with her, I watched as she tried, with much
difficulty, to tie the bow. Her hands were so badly crippled from
arthritis that she couldn't do it. Immediately, my impatience gave way
to an overwhelming wave ofcompassion for her. I turned away to try and
hide the tears that welled up involuntarily. Regaining my composure,I
turned back to tie the bow for her.
Our shopping trip was over, but the event was etched indelibly in my
memory. For the rest of the day, my mind kept returning to that
momentin the dressing room and to the vision of my mother's hands
trying to tie that bow. Those lovinghands that had fed me, bathed me,
dressed me, caressed and comforted me, and, most of all, prayed for
me, were now touching me in the most remarkable manner.
Later in the evening, I went to my mother's room, took her hands in
mine, kissed them and, much to her surprise, told her that to me they
were the most beautiful hands in the world.
I can only pray that some day my hands, and my heart, will have earned
such a beauty of their own.

--
- - - - - - -