Hajj, - Hukm al-Hajj wa’l-‘Umrah (rulings on Hajjand ‘Umrah), Dought & clear, - * A Muslimmust perform hajj for himselffirst

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M NajimudeeN - INDIA
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My mother recently passed away, on the first of Ramadan. She never
performed Hajj, so I am planning to do that on her behalf. My question
is: can I perform Hajj for her even though I have not yet performed
Hajj for myself?
Praise be to Allah.
I ask Allaah to reward you for your kind feelings towards your mother and your eagerness to perform your filial duty towards her after her death. In response to your question, if a Muslim wishes to perform Hajj on behalf of someone else, he must first have performed it for himself. The daleel (evidence) for that is the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Abbaas, according to which the Prophet (Peace & Blessings of Allaah be upon Him) heard a man saying
“Labbayk (here I am) on behalf of Shubrumah” [i.e., he was performing Hajj on behalf of Shubrumah]. He (the Prophet) asked, “Who is Shubrumah?” The man said: “He is a brother (or a relative) of mine.” He asked, “Have you performed Hajj for yourself?” He said, “No.” He told him: “Perform Hajj for yourself, first, then perform Hajj on behalf of Shubrumah.” (Reported by Abu Dawud in Al-Sunan, Kitaab al-Manaasik, Baab al-rajul yuhijj ‘an ghayrihi).
This is a saheeh hadeeth. I ask Allaah to forgive your mother and extend His Mercy to her, for Allah is the best of Helpers.
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Hajj, - Hukm al-Hajj wa’l-‘Umrah (rulings on Hajjand ‘Umrah), Dought & clear, - * What is Hajj?

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What is a haj?
Praise be to Allaah.
Hajj means travelling for the purpose of visiting the Ka’bah, the sacred House of Allaah, to perform the rites (manaasik), i.e., the actions and words reported in accounts of the Prophet’s Hajj, such as Tawaaf or walking around the Ka’bah seven times, al-Saa’ee or running between the hills of Safaa’ and Marwa seven times, standing at ‘Arafaah, stoning the Jamaraat (stone pillars representing the Shaytaan) at Mina, etc. Hajj brings immense benefits to people, as they declare the Unity (Tawheed) of Allaah, there is forgiveness for the pilgrims, Muslims get to know one another and learn the rules of their religion, and so on. We greatly appreciate your interest in asking about Hajj even though you are so young and live so far away in Canada. We ask Allaah to enable you to go for Hajj and do all its rites. May Allaah bless our Prophet Muhammad.

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Commentary on Hadeeth, - Dought & clear, - * “There is no backbiting in the Case of an Evildoer”

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M NajimudeeN - INDIA
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What is your opinion regarding this hadeeth (prophetic narration), “There is no gheebah/backbiting for a fasiq/evildoer”? If it is an authentic hadeeth, then is warning others of an envious person considered gheebah/backbiting or not? Which type of sinners can we warn others of without being guilty of gheebah?.
Praise be to Allah.
Gheebah is haram (impermissible) and emphatically so, because Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“…neither backbite one another. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother?”
[49:12].
And it is proven from Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “When I was taken up into heaven, I was taken past some people who had nails of copper with which they were scratching their faces and chests. I said: Who are these, O Jibreel? He said: These are the ones who ate the flesh of the people and impugned their honour.” [Imam Ahmad and Abu Dawood] The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) defined gheebah as saying about your brother that which he dislikes.
It is permissible in a few cases which are indicated by shar’i (legal) evidence when there is a need for that, such as if someone consults you with regard to marriage or business partnership, or if someone complains to the ruler and asks him to put a stop to a person's wrongdoing. In that case there is nothing wrong with saying about him things that he dislikes for the purpose of serving an obvious interest. One of them compiled a list of the cases in which gheebah is permissible in two lines of verse in which he said:
Criticism is not gheebah in six cases: complaining about mistreatment, identifying a person, warning about a person, highlighting evildoing, seeking a fatwa/verdict, and seeking help to remove an evil.
But if there is no obvious interest to be served by mentioning him in a way that he dislikes, then it comes under the heading of gheebah which is haram.
With regard to the question about the phrase “There is no gheebah (backbiting) in the case of a faasiq (evildoer)” and whether it is a hadeeth or not, Imam Ahmad said it is munkar (basically rejected). Al-Haakim, al-Daaraqutni and al-Khateeb said: it is false.
But the fact that there is no gheebah in the case of a faasiq (an evildoer who openly commits sins) is indicated by the proven report which says that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) saw a funeral passing by, and those who were with him spoke ill of the deceased person, and he (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “It is due.” Then another funeral passed by, and they spoke well of the deceased person, and the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “It is due.” They asked him what he had meant by saying it is due, and he said: “The one of whom you spoke ill, Hell is his due, and the one of whom you spoke well, Paradise is his due. You are the witnesses of Allah on His earth.” and he did not rebuke them for speaking ill of the deceased person of whose evildoing they were aware. This indicates that if a person commits evil openly, there is no gheebah in his case.
And Allah is the source of strength. May Allah send blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.
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Commentary on Hadeeth, - Dought & clear, - * The hadeeth “Whoever gives food to a fasting person to break his fast…” includes both rich and poor

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With regard to the hadeeth, “Whoever gives food to a fasting person to break his fast will have a reward like his without detracting from his reward in the slightest,” is what is meant by the fasting person the one who is poor? Or does that include relatives and friends? Is there the same reward for a voluntary fast if one gives food to the fasting person to break his fast?.
Praise be to Allaah.
The hadeeth is general in meaning and includes both rich and poor, obligatory and supererogatory (naafil) fasts. The bounty of Allah is great, may He be glorified and exalted.

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Commentary on Hadeeth, - Dought & clear, - * What is meant by al-mujaththamah (the animal that is used as a target)?

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It is narrated that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) forbade al-mujaththamah (the animal that is used as a target). What is meant by that?.
Praise be to Allaah.
It is narrated that the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) forbade al-mujaththamah (the animal that is used as a target). That is in the hadeeth which was narrated by al-Tirmidhi (1393) from Abu’l-Darda’ (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said: The Messenger of Allaah (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) forbade eating al-mujaththamah, which is the animal that has been shot to death with arrows. It was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Jaami’ (6857).
What is meant by al-mujaththamah has been explained by the narrator of the hadeeth who said: it is the animal that has been shot to death with arrows.
In other words, it is the animal that has been held or tied and shot with arrows until it died. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allaah be upon him) forbade eating it because it is maytah (dead meat), and has not been slaughtered in accordance with sharee’ah.

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