Dought & clear, - Is there any proven hadeeth to suggest that the Sahaabah danced, that is quoted as evidence for dancing in dhikr circles?

Many of the Sufis take this hadeeth as evidence for their dancing and
whirling, and say that Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah and others stated
that it is saheeh. This hadeeth appears in Musnad Ahmad, no. 860, when
it says that 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: I visited the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), along with Ja'far
and Zayd ibn Haarithah. The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be
upon him) said to Zayd, "You are my friend (mawla)," and Zayd began to
jump and hop on one foot around the Prophet (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him). Then he said to Ja'far, "As for you, you resemble
me physically and in character." And Ja'far began to do likewise. Then
he said to me, "You are of me and I am of you." And he started to jump
behind Ja'far.
What is your view about this hadeeth? Is it saheeh? Can a person dance
and hop in this manner to please Allah?
Praise be to Allah.
Firstly:
The hadeeth mentioned in the question was narrated by Ahmad (2/213).
It was not classed as saheeh by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may
Allah have mercy on him), as far as we know from the books that we
have to hand or the books of his companions. Moreover, when did these
Sufis give any weight to Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah, such that they
would accept his opinion and verdict on hadeeths?
Secondly:
There are two problems with the hadeeth mentioned in the question:
1.
One of its narrators is unknown, namely Haani' ibn Haani'.
Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
He was mentioned by Ibn Sa'd in the first generation of the people of
Kufah. He said: He was a Shi'i. Ibn al-Madeeni said: He is unknown.
Harmalah said, narrating from ash-Shaafa'i: Haani' ibn Haani' is not
known, and the hadeeth scholars do not regard his hadeeth as sound
because his status is unknown.
Tahdheeb at-Tahdheeb, 11/22
2.
Abu Ishaaq as-Subay'i deliberately used ambiguous words in order to
mislead (tadlees).
Abu Sa'eed al-'Alaa'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
'Amr ibn 'Abdullah as-Subay'i, Abu Ishaaq, is well known by his
kunyah; we have stated previously that he often deliberately used
ambiguous words in order to mislead (tadlees).
Jaami' at-Tahseel fi Ahkaam al-Maraseel, p. 245
The hadeeth was classed as da'eef (weak) by the commentators onMusnad
al-Imam Ahmad, 2/213, 214. They said:
Its isnaad is da'eef; we have stated previously that Haani' ibn Haani'
and others like him cannot be accepted when they narrate hadeeths tha
are not narrated by others. The word "hop" in the hadeeth is
objectionable and odd. End quote.
Secondly:
Even if we assume that the hadeeth is saheeh, it does not indicate
that they danced in a circle of remembrance (dhikr) of their Lord -
Allah forbid. Rather it indicates that they expressed their joy at
praise from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) by
hopping on one foot, which is an action that is permissible in and of
itself. Rather the ruling concerning it is connected to the reason for
their joy. Allah forbid that any of the wise would quote this as
evidence for dancing when remembering his Lord, may He be exalted.
Al-Bayhaqi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
This - if it is saheeh - indicates that it is permissible to hop,
which means lifting up one foot and jumping on the other, out of joy.
Dancing that is similar in nature is similarly permissible. And Allah
knows best.
As-Sunan al-Kubra, by al-Bayhaqi, 10/226
The Shaafa'i faqeeh Ibn Hajar al-Haythami (may Allah have mercy on
him) said, discussing the Sufis' and others quoting this hadeeth as
evidence for it to be permissible to dance:
They also quote (to prove their point) that he said to 'Ali, "You are
of me and I am of you," and he began to hop; and he said to Zayd, "You
are our brother and our friend (mawla)," and he began to hop...
Ibn Hajar said:
The response is that all of these are objectionable hadeeths and the
wording is fabricated and made up. Even if we assume that they are
saheeh, they cannot be regarded as evidence, because what is forbidden
is dancing in which there is swaying and twisting, and this is not
like that. End quote.
Kaff ar-Ra'aa' 'an Muharramaat al-Lahw wa's-Samaa', 75.
Fourthly:
More than one of the fuqaha' of the (four) madhhabs (may Allah have
mercy on them) regard that as misguidance and innovation if it is done
as an act of religious devotion. The one who does that as a leisure
activity or for fun is to be criticized and regarded as foolish.
Imam Muwaffaq ad-Deen ibn Qudaamah al-Maqdisi (may Allah have mercy on
him) was asked:
What do the fuqaha' (may Allah bless them) say about one who listens
to the duff (hand-drum), flute and singing, and get carried away until
he starts to dance? Is that permissible or not? He believes that he
loves Allah and that his listening to it, getting carried away and
dancing are for the sake of Allah! Please advise us, may Allah reward
you and have mercy on you.
He said:
The one who does that is mistaken and is lacking in decency. The one
who persists in doing those things is one whose testimony is to be
rejected according to sharee'ah, and his opinion is not to be
accepted. The implication of that is that his narration of hadeeth
from the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
is not to be accepted, and neither is his testimony with regard to
sighting the new moon of Ramadan or anything pertaining to religious
matters.
With regard to him believing that it is based on love of Allah, we say
that he could show his love for Allah and obedience towards Him in
other ways, and he could show devotion to Allah, may He be glorified,
and do righteous deeds in other ways. But as for this, it is a sin and
playing about. It was condemned by Allah, may He be exalted, and His
Messenger, and was disliked (regarded as makrooh) by the scholars, who
called it an innovation (bid'ah) and forbade people to do it. We
cannot draw close to Allah, may He be glorified, by doing acts of
disobedience to Him, and He cannot be obeyed by doing things that He
has forbidden. The one who commits sin as a means of drawing closer to
Him will be met with rejection; the one who takes idle pursuits and
playing about as acts of religious devotion is like one who spreads
mischief in the land. The one who seeks to reach Allah, may He be
glorified, via a way other than the way and Sunnah of the Messenger of
Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him), is far from reaching
his goal
Dhamm ash-Shabbaabah wa'r-Raqs wa's-Samaa'by Ibn Qudaamah, MS (p. 2)
Imam al-'Izz ibn 'Abd as-Salaam, the great Shaafa'i faqeeh and scholar
of usool (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
With regard to dancing and clapping, it is frivolity and silliness
like that of females; no one does such things except one who is a
show-off or a liar. How could anyone regard it as justifiable to dance
to the rhythm of the music and become oblivious when the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said, "The best generations
are my generation, then those who come after them, then those who come
after them," and no one among those exemplary generations did such
things? It cannot be imagined that one who fears Allah and understands
anything of what it means to venerate Him would dance or clap.
Clapping and dancing only come from one who is foolish and ignorant;
they do not come from anyone who is wise and virtuous.
Qawaa'id al-Ahkaam fi Masaalih al-Anaam, 2/2349-350, Mu'sasat ar-Rayyaan edn.
The scholars of the Standing Committee were asked about the Islamic
ruling on those who remember Allah whilst swaying right and left in a
trance, reciting in unison and out loud.
They replied:
That is not permissible, because it is done in an innovated fashion.
The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said "Whoever
introduces into this matter of ours anything that is not part of it
will have it rejected."
Shaykh 'Abd al-'Azeez ibn Baaz, Shaykh 'Abd ar-Razzaaq 'Afeefi, Shaykh
'Abdullah ibn Ghadyaan, Shaykh 'Abdullah ibn Qa'ood
Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah, 2/529
And Allah knows best.