Dought & clear, - Qunoot during salaah.

I would like to about the Qonute in Salat(raising hand after rukoo)
was that the common practice of Prophet Salalaho Alehy Wasalm or was
it exceptional as the situation arouses. Please respnod me cause Ameer
of our masjid said Prophet (pbuh) once asked which of the salat is
best He (pbuh) replied the one which has longer Qonute.
Praise be to Allaah.
Qunoot, according to the definition of the fuqaha', "is the name of a
du'aa' (supplication) offered during prayer at a specific point while
standing." It is prescribed in Witr prayer after the rukoo' (bowing),
according to the more correct of the two scholarly opinions.
If a calamity (naazilah) befalls the Muslims, it is prescribed to say
Du'aa' al- Qunoot after standing up from rukoo' in the last rak'ah of
each of the five daily obligatory prayers, until Allaah relieves the
Muslims of that calamity.
(SeeTasheeh al-Du'aa'by Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd, p. 460).
With regard to saying Du'aa' al-Qunoot in Fajr prayer all the time, in
all circumstances, there is no saheeh report that the Prophet(peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) singled out Fajr for Qunoot, or
that he always recited it in Fajr prayer. Rather what is proven is
that he(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said Du'aa'
al-Qunoot at times of calamity with words that were appropriate to the
situation. He said Du'aa' al-Qunoot in Fajr and in other prayers,
praying against Ra'l, Dhakwaan and 'Usayyah for killing the
Qur'aan-readers whom the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) had sent to them in order to teach them their religion. And it
was proven that he prayed in Fajr prayer and other prayers for the
weak and oppressed believers, that Allaah would save them from their
enemies. But he did not do that all the time. The Rightly-Guided
khaleefahs after him followed the same practice. It is better for the
imam to limit Qunoot to times of calamity, following the example of
the Messenger of Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), as
it was proven that Abu Maalik al-Ash'ari said: "I said to my father,
'O my father, you prayed behind the Messenger of Allaah(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) and behind Abu Bakr, 'Umar, 'Uthmaan
and 'Ali (may Allaah be pleased with them). Did they used to say
Du'aa' al-Qunoot in Fajr?' He said, 'O my son, this is a
newly-invented matter.'" (Narrated by the five, apart from Abu Dawood;
classed as saheeh by al-Albaani inal-Irwa', 435). The best of guidance
is the guidance of Muhammad(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him).
And Allaah is the Source of strength. May Allaah send blessings and
peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon his family and companions.
(al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah li'l-Buhooth al-'Ilmiyyah wa'l-Iftaa', 7/47)
If you ask, is there a specific wording for Qunoot during Witr prayer,
or Qunoot at times of calamity?
The answer is: for Du'aa' al-Qunoot in Witr prayer a number of
wordings have been narrated, including the following:
1 – The version which the Messenger of Allaah(peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) taught to al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (may Allaah be pleased
with him), which is:
"Allaahumma ihdini feeman hadayta wa 'aafini feeman 'aafayta wa
tawallani feeman tawallayta wa baarik li feema a'tayta, wa qini sharra
ma qadayta , fa innaka taqdi wa la yuqda 'alayk, wa innahu laa
yadhillu man waalayta wa laa ya'izzu man 'aadayta, tabaarakta Rabbana
wa ta'aalayta la munji minka illa ilayk
(O Allaah, guide me among those whom You have guided, pardon me among
those whom You have pardoned, turn to me in friendship among those on
whom You have turned in friendship, and bless me in what You have
bestowed, and save me from the evil of what You have decreed. For
verily You decree and none can influence You; and he is not humiliated
whom You have befriended, nor is he honoured who is Your enemy.
Blessed are You, O Lord, and Exalted. There is no place of safety from
You except with You)."
(Narrated by Abu Dawood, 1213; al-Nasaa'i, 1725; classed as saheeh by
al-Albaani inal-Irwa', 429).
It was narrated from 'Ali ibn Abi Taalib that the Prophet(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to say at the end of Witr:
"Allaahumma inni a'oodhu bi ridaaka min sakhatika wa bi mu'aafaatika
min 'uqoobatika wa a'oodhu bika minka, la uhsi thana'an 'alayka anta
kama athnayta 'ala nafsika(O Allaah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure
from Your wrath and in Your forgiveness from Your punishment. I cannot
praise You enough; You are as You have praised Yourself."
(Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 1727; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani
inal-Irwa', 430; Saheeh Abi Dawood, 1282).
Then he should send blessings upon the Prophet(peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) as it was narrated that some of the Sahaabah (may
Allaah be pleased with them) – including Ubayy ibn Ka'b and Mu'aadh
al-Ansaary (may Allaah be pleased with them) – did that at the end of
Qunoot al-Witr.
(SeeTasheeh al-Du'aa'by Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd, p. 460).
Qunoot at times of calamity (Qunoot al-Naazilah)
When praying Qunoot at the time of calamity, one should make
supplication as is appropriate to the situation, as it was narrated
that the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) cursed
some Arab tribes who had betrayed his companions and killed them, and
he prayed for the weak and oppressed believers in Makkah, that Allaah
would save them. It was narrated that 'Umar prayed Qunoot with the
following words:
"Allaahumma inna nasta'eenuka wa nu'minu bika, wa natawakkalu 'alayka
wa nuthni 'alayka al-khayr, wa laa nakfuruka. Allaahumma iyyaaka
na'budu wa laka nusalli wa nasjudu, wa ilayka nas'aa wa nahfid. Narju
rahmataka wa nakhsha 'adhaabaka, inna 'adhaabaka al-jadd bil kuffaari
mulhaq. Allaahumma 'adhdhib il-kafarata ahl al-kitaab alladheena
yasuddoona 'an sabeelika
(O Allaah, verily we seek Your help, we believe in You, we put our
trust in You and we praise You and we are not ungrateful to You. O
Allaah, You alone we worship and to You we pray and prostrate, for
Your sake we strive. We hope for Your mercy and fear Your punishment,
for Your punishment will certainly reach the disbelievers. O Allaah,
punish the infidels of the People of the Book who are preventing
others from following Your way)."
(Narrated by al-Bayhaqi, 2/210; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani
inal-Irwa', 2/170. Al-Albaani said: This was reported from 'Umar
concerning Qunoot in Fajr, and it seems that this Qunoot is Qunoot
al-Naazilah (Qunoot at times of calamity) as is indicated by his
praying against the kuffaar).
If you ask, can we make du'aa' using words other than those mentioned here?
The answer is:
Yes, that is permissible. Al-Nawawi said inal-Majmoo'(3/497): "The
correct view which was stated definitively by the majority of scholars
is that there are no specific words, rather any du'aa' may be said."
The version narrated from 'Umar is not something that we have to
follow, and the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did
not pray using these words, so there is nothing wrong with adding more
to them. Shaykh al-Albaani (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: "There
is nothing wrong with adding more to this, cursing the infidels and
sending blessings upon the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him), and praying for the Muslims."
(Qiyaam Ramadaanby al-Albaani, 31).
We still have an important question which is: should Du'aa' al-Qunoot
be said before rukoo' (bowing) or after?
The answer is: Most of the ahaadeeth and the opinion of most of the
scholars state that Qunoot comes after rukoo', but if you say Qunoot
before rukoo' that is acceptable. So you have the choice of doing
rukoo' when you have finished reciting Qur'aan, then standing up and
saying "Rabbana wa laka al-hamd" then saying Qunoot… or saying Qunoot
when you have finished reciting Qur'aan, then saying "Allaahu akbar"
and bowing. Both of these were narrated in the Sunnah.
(Shaykh Muhammad ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on
him),al-Sharh al-Mumti', 4/64)
Note: The questioner says that the best of prayer is that which has
longer Qunoot. Perhaps he is referring to the hadeeth narrated by
Muslim (1257) from Jaabir (may Allaah be pleased with him), which says
that the Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "The
best of prayer istool al-qunoot(the longest in standing)."
Al-Nawawi said: "What is meant byqunoothere is the standing,
according to the consensus of the scholars, as far as I know."
So the hadeeth is not referring to Qunoot in the sense of the du'aa'
said after standing up from rukoo', rather it is referring to standing
for a long time.
And Allaah knows best.