Secrets intended for believers alone are hidden in the Qur’an

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When we read the Qur'an we see that the most fundamental matters that
Muslims have toknow and understand are set out quite explicitly. Allah
describes His creation in the Qur'an. He describes satan,reveals what
is lawful and unlawful and tells usof the lives of the prophets. It is
revealed how the life of this world is a test and how our true homes
are in the Hereafter. Paradise and Hell are described inthe Qur'an and
people are warned against the torments in the latter.
In addition to all these basic issues, the Qur'an also contains
special signs that Allah has deliberately concealed in it for
believers. Through these signs, ourLord tells believers how they
should behave toward deniers, the best way of preaching the word and
what they must do if the moral values of the Qur'an are to rule the
world. These signs are only, of course,comprehensible to thoseservants
who can look atthe Qur'an with the eyes of the heart and good
conscience, who can grasp the radiance and message of the Qur'an, and
with whom Allah is well pleased. This is just one of the hundreds of
miracles of the Qur'an.
Our Almighty Lord Makes Science Obligatory for Believers in the Qur'an
The presence in the Qur'an of scientific and mathematical miracles is
itself a miracle that confirms the sublime nature of the Qur'an, its
miraculous aspect and the fact that it is a divinescripture. But in
additionto that specific miracle, when we look at the verses of the
Qur'an we see that Allah makes science obligatory for believers. Allah
advises believers to reflect on the extraordinary creation they
witness and to learn the knowledge of the creation of the Earth
andsky. In Surah Al 'Imran our Lord says:
Those who remember Allah, standing, sitting and lying on their sides,
and reflect on the creation of the heavens and the Earth: "Our
Lord,You have not created this for nothing. Glory beto You! So
safeguard us from the punishment of the Fire." (Surah Al 'Imran, 191)
Scientific development and progress proves the sublime and
extraordinary nature of Allah's creation in the most perfect way. The
more that people of good conscience possessed of this knowledge deepen
in science, the more amazed they are by Allah's sublime artistry. Just
a single cell, the glorious DNA within a single cell or a single
protein is enough to see the power and might of Allah. Almighty Allah
is powerful enough to create worlds within worlds, to create all
things from nothing, and gloriously shows His sublime omniscience by
creating atoms in tiny specks of space and making atoms, which
themselves consist of 99% empty space, the natural causes of matter
itself. Almighty Allah is powerful enough to bring the Earth and sky
into being through a single explosion, out of nothing, out of
emptiness. Almighty Allah reveals this sublimecreation, the Big Bang
miracle in other words, in this verse:
As for heaven – We built it with great power and gave it its vast
expanse. (Surat adh-Dhariyat, 47)
Almighty Allah has made science essential for Muslims in order for
them to comprehend and see His matchless artistry and the glories in
the entities He creates. Those who deepen in science with the
knowledge of the Qur'an will also growin faith since they will witness
His omniscience. Allah tells us in another verse:
But those of them who are firmly rooted in knowledge, and the
believers, believe in what has been sent down to you and what was sent
down before you: those who establishprayer and pay alms, and believe
in Allah and the Last Day – We will pay such people an immense wage.
(Surat an-Nisa', 162)
For that reason, Allah advises true Muslims to learn and research the
scientific facts and to become aware of what is all around them:
Have they not looked at the sky above them: howWe structured it and
made it beautiful and how there are no fissures in it? And the
Earth: how We stretched it out and cast firmly embedded mountains onto
it and caused luxuriant plants of every kind to grow in it, an
instruction and a reminder for every penitent human being. (Surah Qaf,
6-8)
Have they not looked at the camel – how it was created? And at the sky
–how it was raised up? And at the mountains – how they were embedded?
And at the Earth – how it was smoothed out? So remind them! You are
only a reminder. (Surat al-Ghashiyya, 17-21)
Do they not see the things Allah has created, casting their shadows to
the right and to the left, prostrating themselves before Allah in
complete humility? (Surat an-Nahl,48)
In the creation of the heavens and Earth, and the alternation of the
night and day, and the ships which sail the seas to people's benefit,
and the water which Allah sends down from the sky– by which He brings
theEarth to life when it was dead and scatters about in it creatures
of every kind – and the varying direction of the winds, and the clouds
subservient between heaven and Earth, there are signs for people
whouse their intellect. (Surat al-Baqara, 164)
In the creation of the heavens and the Earth, and the alternation of
night and day, there are signs for people with intelligence. (Surah Al
'Imran, 190)
Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and Earth and the
variety of your languages and colors. There are certainly signs in
that for every being. (Surat ar-Rum, 22)
Among His signs is the creation of the heavens and Earth and all the
creatures He has spread about in them. And He has the power to gather
them together whenever He wills. (Surat ash-Shura, 29)
As believers grasp and see the scientific facts and grow in faith by
studying Allah's stunningartistry they will also come to possess the
means of overcoming, using science and knowledge, the snares of those
who slander Allah using supposed evidence. Those who adopt chance,
nature and matter as their gods by seeking to deny Allah's magnificent
creation will be defeated in the face of the artistry displayed by our
Lord and their false claims thus demolished. All the superstitious
evidence brought forward by these peopleis eliminated by science and
their empty struggles against Allah are all for nothing.
Allah advises people to reflect on creation, and the miraculous
systems and each of the extraordinary 100 trillion cells that emerge
in so doing by themselves rebut all these superstitious claims. Allah
advises us to consider the creation of the heavens, and His creation
through the BigBang and the extraordinary equilibrium in the universe
again eliminatethis superstitious way of thinking. Allah advises usto
look at the evidence in the Earth, and those glorious marvels of
creation, fossils, that emerge from it totally rebuts the claims of
Darwinism and materialism. Many more such proofs totally eliminate all
the plans and schemes that Darwinists and materialists come up with,
using so-called evidence, to oppose Allah.
One wise aspect behind the evidence for Allah's creation that
believers produce with knowledge and science is that it enables some
people who blindly and ignorantly believed other people with their
Darwinist and materialist mindsets to conclude, through the scientific
evidence, that Allah is the sole Creator. The scientific evidence
isinstrumental in these people seeing the omnipotence of Allah in the
things He creates and thus in coming to have faith.
A single tree, a single leaf or even a single seed is certainly enough
to see the glory and Absolute Existence of ourAlmighty Lord. But for
the pure and faithful who truly believe, seeing the
extraordinaryartistry in Allah's detail by way of science is a great
means whereby they can properly appreciate the might and greatness of
Allah. Itis for that reason that Almighty Allah has made science
obligatory for allbelievers.

Calling to Islam in the best manners

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According to many scholars in this field, the term Da'wah (call to
Islam) applies to conveying themessage of Islam to non-Muslimsand
inviting them to Allaah. Non-practicing and lost Muslims need to be
reeducated and motivated to become better Muslims; they already know
Allaah Almighty and have been given the concept of Tawheed
(monotheism). Some objectives of Da'wah are as follows :
(a) Conveying the message of Islam to non-Muslims and inviting them to Allaah,
( b) Making efforts to remove misinformation about Islam and Muslims
from text books, reference material and media,
c) Making efforts for the integration of new Muslims into the Muslim community,
( d) To develop material resources, recruit manpower (volunteers) and
provide training for Da'wah workers.
Guidance is in the hands of Allaah, but the goal of Da'wah is
definitely to be a reason to convert people to be Muslims, to save
them from the Hell Fire. To avoid aggressiveness as a result of that
is for the caller to Islam toknow that guidance is not in his control,
it is by the will of Allaah .
Is Da'wah a duty on every Muslim?
Yes, it is a collective duty, if some fulfill its rights then it is
not a duty on every Muslim.
In the Qur'an, Allaah has placed the responsibility on the Muslim
Ummah (community) to convey the message of Islam to mankind. Allaah,
The Exalted, saysin the Qur'an (what means): " Thus We have appointed
you a model community (Ummah), thatyou may be witnesses against
mankind, and that the Messengermay be a witness against you". [Quran
2:143]
' Witnessing', here, means to convey the message of Islam, i.e. to
call people towards Allaah.
Allaah also Says (what means): "Invite to the Way of your Lord (i.e.
Islam) with wisdom (i.e. withthe Divine Revelation and the Qur'an) and
fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better. Truly,
your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the
Best Awareof those who are guided." [Quran 16:125]
Prophet Muhammad completed his assignment in his lifetime by conveying
the message to the entire Arabian Peninsula and sending letters to the
heads of surrounding countries. In his Khutbah (ceremony) of his
farewell Hajj (pilgrimage), he passed on the responsibility to every
Muslim when he said : "Those who are present should convey (my
message) to those who are not". [Al-Bukhaari]
Remember! Da'wah has great rewards. The Prophet said: "Whoever guides
someone towards good, will receive the reward of the one who acts
uponit." [Muslim]
This means, if a person is converted through the Da'wah you give
him/her, you get rewards for all the prayers he/shedoes or all the
fasts that he/she does, etc .
General tips for Da'wah
· The best Da'wah is to be a good example because people can see this
without you having to talk tothem.
1. You should be a good example all the time, not just when doing Da'wah .
2. Don't be a hypocrite and not follow what you preach. For example:
how would it look if you tell people that Muslims can'tdrink alcohol
and then they see you drinking.
· Smell good
· Don't act like you're better than the person or people you are
giving Da'wah to.
· Don't insult the person or their religion .
· Don't tell them that they are wrong and you are right and thatthey
are going to hell. But you have to be clear that the religion of the
truth is the religion of Islam, and Allaah doesn't accept any other
religions. And if a person dies in a state other than being a Muslim,
he will be in the Hell Fire. This can be done in a wide way .
· Don't get too deep in a subject you don't know much about, because
if they have questions, you won't have answers .
· Use common sense to explain Islam because much of Islamic ethics and
rules are based on common sense and most people can relate to common
sense
· Dress according to the Sunnah, since the Sunnah of the Prophet has
so much blessings in it, and do not imitate the disbeliever .
Da'wah opportunities are everywhere
Just look for them. For example: you are invited for eating food with
your co-workers, and they are going to eating pork. Let them know that
you can't eat it. That is Da'wah. For teenagers specifically, whenever
people are talking about dating or dances, tell them it is against
your religion and why. It is not permissible for a Muslim to take
friends that are disbelievers (eating pork, etc.) but if it is your
co-workers, or so, then advice them. Also, it is not permissible to be
present in a gathering that sins are involved .
The easiest people to give Da'wahto are the ones who already believe
in Allaah or some kind of deity. People who don't believe inAllaah,
atheists, are the hardest to give Da'wah to. Don't be afraidto give
them Da'wah, but be prepared and be knowledgeable because they always
look at everything from a short sighted materialistic view .
Methodology of Da'wah
· When giving Da'wah, you have to be wise. Be careful of the words and
think before you speak.
· Know to whom you speaking to.For example, try to find out what they
are interested in or if they have any problems. According to that,
give them their information .
· People will always be interested if it gives them an answer to their
problem or it has something to do with them .
Da'wah to Christians
· First of all, the best Da'wah is by your actions .
· When doing Da'wah to non-Muslims, we should try to concentrate on
what we have in common to them. For example: Islam and Christianity
both believe that abortion is wrong. This is only to break the tension
· We should let them know that we share many of the same ethics and manners.
· Let them know that we believe in heaven, hell, angels, devils, the
Day of Judgment, sins, repentance, and prophets.
· Let them know we only believe in one Allaah. And as a result, we
worship Him alone, and explain what is the meaning of worship in
Islam.
· Avoid controversial issues, like isJesus the son of Allaah or just a
Prophet. Don't get in an argument, but it has to be mentioned clearly,
that Jesus the son of Mary is a Messenger of Allaah and not His son.
· Do not insult them or put them or their religion down in any way.
· Avoid argument and debates. This only leads to ruin.

Consumption of What is Unlawful Corrupts the Hearts

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Consumption of What is UnlawfulCorrupts the Hearts and Prevents
Supplications from Being Answered
There is clearly a strong relationship between the soundness or
corruption of a person's heart and his food and earnings. A person's
heart becomes corrupt when he earns what is prohibited and dares to
eat of it. The Prophet said in this regard: "Indeed, what is lawful is
evident, and what is unlawful is evident, and between the two are
matters which are doubtful and unknown to many people." Then he
followed this with: "Beware! In the body there is [a piece of] flesh
which, ifit is sound, the whole body is sound, and if it is corrupt,
the whole body is corrupt. Behold, this [piece of flesh] is the
heart." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
The heart is like a king and the limbs are its subjects. They are good
when the king is good and corrupt when the king is corrupt.
Al-Munaawi stated that the Prophet spoke about the heart after
illustrating what was lawful and unlawful to indicate that consuming
what is lawful lightens and reforms the heart, while doubtful things
harden it.
A Warning against Eating the Unlawful
The Islamic Sharee'ah forbids its followers from consuming what is
unlawful, whether it is other people's money or rights, or foods that
Allaah The Almighty has declared prohibited. Allaah The Almighty Says
(what means): {And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly or
sendit [in bribery] to the rulers in order that [they might aid] you
[to] consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, whileyou
know [it is unlawful].} [Quran 2:188]
Commenting on this verse, 'Abdullaah ibn 'Abbaas and his father, said,
"This is regardinga person who is indebted with something, but there
is no evidence to prove that he is. When the creditor claims his
right, this person refrains from repaying it, and sues the claimer
although he knows that it is not his right and that he is sinful - and
thus he consumes what is unlawful."
Qataadah said, "O son of Aadam, know that the judgment of a judge does
not permit you what is unlawful. A judge passes a verdict according to
his observation and the testimonies of witnesses, and he is a human
and thus liable to make mistakes.Know that anyone who has been favored
with an invalid verdict will never have his case finished. Allaah The
Almighty will judge between him and the other partyon the Day of
Resurrection, givingthe latter a verdict far better thanthe former had
in this worldly life."
Unjustly Devouring the Orphans' Property
There are various forms of consuming what is unlawful, the most evil
of which is devouring orphans' property unjustly. This is strictly
prohibited in the Quran;Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {And
test the orphans [intheir abilities] until they reach marriageable
age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgment, release their
property to them. And do not consume it excessively and quickly,
[anticipating] that they will grow up. And whoever, [when acting as
guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee];and
whoever is poor - let him take according to what is acceptable. Then
when you release their property to them, bring witnesses upon them.
And sufficient is Allaah as Accountant.} [Quran 4:6]
In his commentary on this verse, Shaykh As-Sa'di said, "The verse
prohibits consuming the property of orphans while they are young, when
they can neithertake it from one nor prevent him from consuming it.
One can devour it while they are still young, before they are grown
and can take it or prevent him from consuming it. Many guardians who
do not fear Allaahand have no mercy upon or love for the children in
their custody do this. They find the opportunity, which they seize,
and thereby hasten to commit what Allaah The Almighty has prohibited.
Therefore, Allaah The Almighty forbids this act specifically."
Moroever, this verse is followed by severe warning to those who devour
the property of orphans unjustly. Allaah The Almighty Says(what
means): {Indeed, those who devour the property of orphans unjustly are
only consuming into their bellies fire. And they will be burned in a
Blaze.} [Quran 4:10]
The Prophet was the most concerned with the well-being of his Ummah
(nation) and with warding off evil from it. Therefore, he warned
Muslims against consuming the unlawful, including the property of
orphans. He said: "Avoid the seven destructive sins." One of which is:
"Devouring the propertyof orphans." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
Consuming Riba
Another form of prohibition which many people consider trivial and
dare to indulge in is the consumption of Riba (interest, usury).
Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {ButAllaah has permitted trade
and has forbidden Riba.} [Quran 2:275]
In forbidding the consumption ofRiba and warning against its
consequences, Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {O you who have
believed, fear Allaah and give up what remains [due to you] of Riba,
if you shouldbe believers. And if you do not, then be informed of a
war [against you] from Allaah and His Messenger. But if you repent,
you may have your capital - [thus] youdo no wrong, nor are you
wronged.} [Quran 2:278-279]
Who Could Bear a War against Allaah The Almighty?
Additionally, Allaah The Almighty explains in the Quran that Riba is
ultimately going to be destroyed.Allaah The Almighty Says (what
means): {Allaah destroys Riba andgives increase for charity.} [Quran
2:276]
Moreover the Prophet counted the consumption of Ribaas one of the
seven deadly sins.
There are many other forms of consuming what is unlawful, including:
theft, bribery, gambling, usurpation, fraud and deception, taking
booty before it is distributed, and excessive overcharging or
undercharging when selling or buying. We are not going to discuss in
detail each of these, however our intention is to warn generally
against consuming what is unlawful.
Supplications and the Consumption of the Unlawful
A person's means of living, whether lawful or unlawful, has adirect
impact on whether his supplications are answered. If a person
investigates his sources ofincome for the sake of eating what is
lawful, his supplication will be closer to being accepted and more
likely to be answered. If the person dares to eat what isunlawful, he
thereby causes his supplication not to be answered by Allaah The
Almighty.
In this regard the Prophet said, "Indeed, Allaah is Good and He
therefore accepts only what is good. Allaah commanded the believers as
He commanded the messengers by Saying (what means):
• "O messengers, eat from the good foods and work righteousness.
Indeed, I, of what you do, am Knowing." [Quran 23:51]
• "O you who have believed, eat from the good things which We have
provided for you and be grateful to Allah if it is [indeed] Him that
you worship." [Quran 2:172]
He then made mention of: "a person who travels widely, his hair
disheveled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand towards the sky
[and thus makes supplication saying]: "O Lord! O Lord!" But his diet
is unlawful, hisdrink is unlawful, his clothes are [of] unlawful
[means] and his nourishment is unlawful. How could his supplication,
then, be accepted?" [Muslim]
Imaam Ibn Katheer said, "Eating from what is lawful is a cause for
supplication and other acts of worship to be accepted, and eating from
what is unlawfulprevents the acceptance of supplication and other acts
of worship."
Ibn Rajab said, "Eating, drinking, or wearing what is unlawful
prevents supplication and other acts of worship from being accepted."
Consuming what is unlawful doesindeed prevent supplication and other
acts of worship from being accepted. Ibn 'Abbaas and hisfather, said,
"Allaah The Almighty does not accept the prayers of a person whose
belly contains something unlawful."
Ibn Rajab said, "If [one's] nourishment is unlawful, how can [his]
deeds be acceptable?"
Wahb ibn Al-Ward said, "Even if you worship Allaah endlessly, nothing
will help you until you scrutinize whether what is in your belly is
lawful or not."
In sum, a Muslim should be sure that this worldly life is not his end,
and that he will be reckonedin the Hereafter for any unlawful thing he
earns. In the Hereafter, accounts will not consist of money; rather
they will consist ofgood and evil deeds.
Therefore, everyone should fear Allaah and seek lawful sources for his income.
May Allaah The Almighty guide all of us to do so, and keep all Muslims
and us away from everything evil and unlawful.

Consumption of intoxicants & drugs: an Islamic perspective

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The young Muslims of today are facing an ever-increasing numberof
dilemmas. One of these is drugs. What does Islam have to say about it?
How should Muslimsregard drugs? To know this, we must see what the
Quran and theSunnah (prophetic tradition) say regarding intoxicants
and narcotics.
Allaah Almighty states in the Noble Quran what means: " O Youwho
believe! Indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters
[to other than Allaah], and divining arrows are but defilement from
the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may besuccessful." [Quran:
5:90]
Allaah Almighty has described using intoxicants, amongst otherthings,
as being appalling, despicable and hateful acts of Satan, and He has
commanded usto abstain from them. Allaah, thereafter, states in the
next verse, that which means: "Satan only wants to cause between
youanimosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert
you from the remembrance of Allaah and from prayer. So will you not
desist? [Quran: 5:91] This Aayah (verse) tells us how it is a
detestable act of Satan, because intoxicants, in addition to sowingthe
seeds of enmity, prevent one from the remembrance of Allaah.
Bear in mind that when the term intoxicant is used, it also
encompasses narcotics, because they too, among other things, result in
the loss of self-control. There are also many narrations stated by the
Noble Prophet with regards to intoxicants, such as:
1) Jaabir reported that the Noble Prophet said: "Whosoever drinks
wine, whip him. If he repeats it for the fourth time, kill him." He
(Jaabir) continued: "A man was later brought to the Prophet who had
drunk wine for the fourth time. He beat him, but did not killhim."
[At-Tirmithi & Abu Daawood]
The following Hadeeth (propheticnarration) clearly states that the
Noble Prophet prohibited intoxicants:
2) Ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allaah said: "Every
intoxicant is Khamr (wine)and every intoxicant is Haraam (unlawful).
Whosoever drinks wine in this world and dies whilst having consumed it
and not having repented from it will not drink it in the next world
[i.e.in Paradise ]." [Muslim]
3) Jaabir narrated that the Messenger of Allaah said: "Whatever
intoxicates in a greater quantity is also unlawful in a small
quantity." [At-Tirmithi, Abu Daawood & Ibn Maajah]
4) Abdullaah bin 'Amr reported from the Prophet who said: "One who is
disobedient to parents, gambles, is harsh after charity (i.e., he
reminds others of his charity to them) or is a habitual drunkard shall
not enter Paradise ." [Ad-Daarimi]
5) Ibn 'Abbaas reported that the Messenger of Allaah said: "If a
habitual drunkard dies, he will meet Allaah like the one whoworships
idols." [Ahmad & Ibn Maajah]
In other narrations, Prophet Muhammad described intoxicants as:
1. The key to all evils.
2. The head of all errors and lapses.
3. The most terrible of major sins.
4. The mother of all atrocities.
5. The mother of all evils.
Why are drugs and intoxicants soabhorrent, awful, foul and vile in the
sight of Islam? Let us look at what the scholars have said regarding
the effects of drugs from worldly as well as religious perspectives:
Imaam Ibn Hajar Al-Makki narrates from some scholars thatthere are one
hundred and twenty worldly and religious detriments that result from
consuming hashish (Cannabis).
Not ten, or twenty, but one hundred and twenty harms occurdue to the
consumption of such drugs! Ibn Seenaa stated that large amounts of it
dries up semen (The fluid that carries sperm, thus rendering a
consumer of narcotics sexually impotent). Ibn Al-Beetaar stated: "A
group of people used it(drugs) and therefore became mentally deranged
(insane)."
Imaam Ibn Taymiyyah said:"All the faults, blemishes, and other bad
things in Khamr (wine)are present in hashish, and more,because the
majority of faults in khamr affect religion, but hashishaffects, to a
great extent, both religion and body."
Some might say that all drugs do not intoxicate, and that drugs like
heroin and hashish are only depressants which slacken and weaken the
mind. The answer to this lies is in the following statement:
Umm Salamah said: "The Prophet prohibited every intoxicant and Muftir
(every substance which slackens the mind)."
The unanimity of the Ummah (Muslim nation) on the prohibition of
narcotics is also narrated from many scholars. Imaam Az- Zarkashi
stated: "The consensus of the Ummah is narrated from several scholars
onthe prohibition of hashish; those scholars include Qiraafi and Ibn
Taymiyyah."
If that was not enough, Imaam Ibn Taymiyyah has further stated:
"Whosoever regards it lawful has become a Kaafir (disbeliever)."
The scholars of all four schools ofIslamic jurisprudence unanimously
agree that consuming anything intoxicating is Haraam. Certain plants
have also been included in this, as Imaam Rafee' clearly stated that:
"The scholars have included intoxicating plants, etc. within this
prohibition."
So far, the prohibition of drugs has been proven by means of the
Quran, Sunnah and Ijmaa' (consensus of scholars). It can further be
proved by Qiyaas (analogical deduction) i.e. logical reasoning. When a
person is intoxicated (or 'stoned' in street language) he does not
know what he is doing. He could easily kill someone or fornicate, etc.
In the same manner, to feed his habit, he will most probably haveto
steal. These are, without a shadow of doubt, unlawful. There is a
general rule that whatever leads to something Haraam (unlawful) is in
itself Haraam. Thus, drugs have been proven as Haraam by all four
sources of Islamic jurisprudence (Quran, Sunnah, Ijmaa' and Qiyaas).
What is the legal punishment for consuming drugs?
Imaam Al-Maawardi stressedthat by consuming plants, which cause
over-excitement (intoxication), the Hadd (legal punishment) will
become necessary, which, in this case, is eighty lashes.
Imaam Qiraafi states that all the scholars of his period agreed that
its consumption is Haraam.
However, there is a difference of opinion as to what punishment
becomes incumbent due to consuming drugs; either Hadd, because it
intoxicates or Ta'zeer (reprimand) because it corrupts the mind.
According to three prominent Imaams (Shaafi'i, Maalik and Ahmad),
consuming anything intoxicating, however small the amount, will bring
the legal punishment of eighty lashes to the person. However,
according to the Hanafi school, if an intoxicating amount has been
taken, then, according to Imam Muhammad, Hadd will be necessary.
According to Imaam Abu Haneefah and Imaam Abu Yusuf, he will be
reprimanded severely, but the Hadd will not beimposed.
Ta'zeer is such a punishment thatholds no specific amount and is for
the discretion of the Judge. We should note that according tosome
scholars, in certain cases, Ta'zeer could prove to be more severe than
the Hadd itself, such as when the person persistently commits the
crime.