Jokes - ,

My Girlfriend Suggested A Book For Me To Read To Enhance Our
Relationship Its Entitled: Women Are From Venus,Men Are Wrong
Boy: Did you know that the most intelligent kid in our class is deaf?
Girl: That is unfortunate. Boy:What did you say?
Pappu: Excuse me,but I dont think I deserve a mark of '0' for dis Exam
Paper. Teacher: Neither do I,but it is lowest markI can give ??
Teacher: In this exam,you will be allowed 10 mins for eachquestion.
Pappu: And how long for each Answer?
Appu: What is the best way to see flying saucers? Pappu: Pinch the waitress.
'Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs'. This is only sentence tat
has all 26 alphabets of English. Be proud 2 b a Drinker.
Wife: I hav read in newspaper dat widows mak d best wives. Husband:
May b! Bt u cant xpect me 2 kil myself dat u can b gud wife 2 sum1.
A widow wrote on the tombstone of her husband. . . . . . . . Rest in
peace - Till We Meet Again.
Appu : I am the 4th husband of my Wife. Pappu : You are not a husband
but a habit.
Crack: It is sickening way, my wife keeps talking abt her Ex-Husband.
Jack: Tats nothng. Mine keeps talking abt her next husband.

--

- - - - -

And Allah Knows the Best!

- - - - -

Published by :->
M NajimudeeN Bsc- INDIA

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤

Raising your Child to be a Muslim

It is true that the first learning center for a child is the mother's
lap. The mannerisms of the parents are reflected in the children.
The story of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jeelani is famous: When he was
traveling with a caravan,a gang of thieves robbed the caravan, when it
came time to check Abdul Qadir Jeelani (Rahmatullahi Alaih), an
eighteen year old young man, the thieves inquired if he had any
valuables to which told them about money which had been sewn in his
clothes by his mother. The thieves asked out of curiosity as to why he
let them knowof the sewn money to which he told them that his mother
had advised him before leaving 'to never lie' upon which the thieves
become ashamed and repented to Allah.
It is the duty of the parents to be an example to their children and
advise them. Allah (Subhanahu Ta'ala) tells us of the advise that
Luqman Hakeem gave to his son, "Behold, Luqman said Tohis son by way
of instruction: "O my son! Join not others with Allah; association
with Allah is indeed the highest wrong-doing."
Then after some ayaat, the advise continues,
O my son! If there be (but) the weight of a mustard-seed and it were
(hidden) in a rock or (anywhere) in the heavens or on earth, Allah
will bring it forth; for Allah knows the finest mysteries, (and) is
well-acquainted (with them).
O my son! Establish regular prayer, enjoin what is Just, and forbid
what is wrong; and bearwith patient constancy whatever befalls thee;
these are affairs of determination.
And swell not thy check (for pride) at men, nor walk in insolence
through the earth; For Allah loveth not Any arrogant boaster.
And be moderate in thy pace, and lower they voice; for the harshest
ofsounds without doubt is the braying of an ass.
(Surah Luqman)
We can recall not to longago in our Muslim culture that all the
grown-ups in the community would take the role of guiders for the
youth. No child dared acting up in front of elders in any gathering.
All the elders held enough authority that they could discipline the
child without having to face the wrath of the parents as is the case
today. As a result, children tend to misbehave and disrespect elders
because they no longer have fear discipline fromanyone besides that
parents and that too is seen little.
Parents find out too late that what they thought was giving 'freedom'
to their children was really digging a hole for them. Being
affectionate to your child is one thing but to let them free to do
anything is not affection rather it is hurting the child. Ah, this is
all a result of the parents forgetting the duty of teaching the child.
More often the television takes the place of the parent and it is from
here the child gains much of his/her ill-mannerisms. Today, I ask you
to take my words to be a reminder and a word of caution.
When the child is able tospeak a little, teach themthe name of Allah.
Before, mothers would put their children to sleep by chanting Allah
Allah , but now it is by playing the music on theradio.
When children are mature do not do anything in front them which will
ruin their mannerisms because they tend to copy these acts, they do
whatever they see their parents doing. Never argue with your spouse in
front of them because this leavesputs a lot of stress on thechild and
causes them tothink that they are the cause of the argument. Never
curse your children.
Pray Salah in front of them, recite Quran, take them to the Masjid
with you, and tell them stories of our pious predecessors, they like
to listen to stories very much. Hearing stories with lessons and
morals will increase their good habits. When they are a little older,
teach them the five Kalimat, Imane Mujmal, Imane Mufassal, and then
teach them Salah.
Put them in under the teaching of an Allah-fearing, Mutaqee Saheehul
Aqeeda Hafiz or Maulvi of to learn Quran Majeed and knowledge of the
deen so they can learn of the beautiful religion to which they belong.
Teach them the masail ofgusul, wudu, and salah.
If Allah gives you taufeeq, make atleast onyour children Alim or
Alimah or Hafiz or Hafiza.A Hafiz will get three generations forgiven
and Alim will get seven generations forgiven [on the Day of
Judgement]. It is baseless to think that an Alim has no source of
earning bread for his family. Know that one does not get more than
destined by learning uloom of the dunya; onewill get what Razzaq has
written for him.
Teach your children simplicity and do not expose them to materialism.
Teach them the value of doing thier own work. Send them tocollege,
make them judges, make them doctors or any successfuland halal career
in this world but make them such that they take on these professions
as honest Muslims who know their religion.

Prayers for Night of Power (Laila-Tul-Qadr)

In this night (27th of Ramadan), the Holy Quran was sent down from
LOH-E-MEHFOOZ (thePreserved Tablet) to the earth. Messenger of ALLAH
(Blessings of Allah and peace be on him) told us to search for
Shab-e-Qadr in the odd numbered nights, in the last ten days of
Ramzan. So, the 21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th or 29th night of Ramadan could
be Shab-e-Qadr.
Hazrat Aisha Radiallah Anha stated that Rasool Allah peace be upon
himsaid, "Look for Lailat-Ul-Qadr in the odd nightsof the last ten
days of Ramadhan." (Bukhari)
Hazrat Aisha Radiallah Anha stated that as muchRasool Allah peace be
upon him tried (Ibadat) in the last Ashra (ten days) of Ramadhan, did
not try in any of the Ashra." (Muslim)
Hazrat Aisha Radiallah Anha stated that I asked Rasool Allah peace be
upon him, "If I find Lailatul Qadar then whatshould I do? HE peace be
upon him said, recite this Dua. "ALLAH HUMMA INNAKA A'FUVUN TOHIB BUL
AFVA FA'AFU ANNI" (Tirmidhi)
Dear visitors, please takeadvantage of this night, from sunset till
sunrise. Offer nawafil (prayers), recite QUR'AAN, do repent
(Istaghfar), and Pray for pardon, recite many many Salawat (Darood
Sharif & Salaam)and make benediction (Dua'as).
Special DU'AA of Lailatul QADR:
"ALLAH HUMMA INNAKA A'FUVUN TOHIB BUL AFVA FA'AFU ANNI" (Tirmidhi)
"O Allah! You are the Forgiver and You like forgiving so forgive me"
21st Night of Ramadhan-Ul-Mubarak - 1st night ofLaitlat-Ul-Qadr
1) Pray 4 cycles of ritual prayer (raka't) (2 cycles of 2 raka' each).
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA recite Surah QADR (Inna anzalna ..
)once and Surah IKHLAS (Qul-hu-wal-lah..) once. After completion
recite SALAAT-O-SALAAM (Durood Sharif) seventy (70) times. Click here
for Durood page.
Benefit: Insha Allah, Angels will pray for forgivenss for that person.
2) Offer 2 cycles of ritual prayer (raka't)
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR once and Surah
IKHLAS three times. After completion of this salah, recite any
Astaghfar seventy times.
Astaghfar: "Allah Hummagh Fir Li Wa Tub A'laiyya Inna Ka Innta
Tawwabur Raheem" OR "Astaghfirullah Rabbi Min Kulli Zambiyon Wa Atoobu
ilaiyh"
Benefit: Effective for forgivness of sins.
3) In this night (21st), recite Surah QADR 21 times.
23rd Night of Ramadhan-Ul-Mubarak - 2nd night of Laitlat-Ul-Qadr
1) Offer 4 cycles of ritual prayer (raka't) (2 sets of 2 raka' each)
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR once and Surah
IKHLAS three times.
Benefit: Effective for forgivness of sins.
2) Offer 8 cycles of ritual prayer (raka') (4 sets of 2raka' each)
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR and Surah IKHLAS
once. After completion of this salah (namaaz) recite the thirdkalima
(Kalima Tamjeed)70 times. After that, plead to Allah Almighty for
forgiveness of sins.
Kalima Tamjeed: "Subhan Allahi Wal Hamdu Lillahi Wa La ilaaha illal
laho Walla Hu Akbar.Wala Haowla WalaQuwwata illa Billa Hil Aliyil
Azeem" . Click here for Arabic text of Kalima Tamjeed.
Benefit: Allah Willing (Insha'Allah), Allah will forgive whoever
performs this prayer
3) In the 23rd night recite Surah YAASEEN once and Surah RAHMAAN once.
25th Night of Ramadhan-Ul-Mubarak - 3rd night of Laitlat-Ul-Qadr
1) In this night offer 4 cycles of ritual prayer (raka't) (2 sets of 2
raka' each)
After Surah FATIHA, reciteSurah QADR one time and Surah IKHLAS five
times in each raka'. Aftercompletion of this salat recite the first
Kalima Tayyab 100 times.
Kalima Tayyab: "Laa ilaaha illal Laho Mohammadur Rasoolullah". Click
here for Arabic text of Kalima Tayyab.
Benifit: Insha Allah, Allah Tala will give him/her unlimited Sawab (good Deeds)
2) Offer 4 cycles of ritual prayer (raka') (2 sets of 2raka' each)
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR three times and
Surah IKHLAS three times. After completion of this salah, recite any
Astaghfar 70 times.
Astaghfar: "Allah Hummagh Fir Li Wa Tub A'laiyya Inna Ka Innta
Tawwabur Raheem" OR "Astaghfirullah Rabbi Min Kulli Zambiyon Wa Atoobu
ilaiyh"
Benefit: This salat is good for the pardoning of sins.
3.Offer two cycles of ritual prayer (raka').
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR once and Surah
IKHLAS fifteen times. After Salat, recite the second Kalima
(Kalima-e-Shahaadat) 70times.
Kalima Shaadat: "Ashadu Anlaa ilaaha illal Lahu Wa Ash Hadu Anna
Mohammadan Abduhu Wa Rasoolohu". Click here for Arabic text of Kalima
Shaadat.
Benefit: The reward of this namaaz is freedom from the punishment of the grave.
4) Recite Surah Dukhan. Allah Willing (Insha'Allah) they will be
granted freedom from the punishment of grave.
5) Recite Surah Fath seven times. Beneficial for the fulfillment of
desires and wishes.
27th Night of Ramadhan-Ul-Mubarak - 4th night of Laitlat-Ul-Qadr
1) In the 27th night, pray12 cycles of ritual prayer (raka') (3 set of
4 raka' each)
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR once and Surah
IIKHLAS fifteen times. After salah recite any Astaghfar 70 times.
Astaghfar: "Allah Hummagh Fir Li Wa Tub A'laiyya Inna Ka Innta
Tawwabur Raheem" OR "Astaghfirullah Rabbi Min Kulli Zambiyon Wa Atoobu
ilaiyh"
Benefit: Inhsa Allah, Allahtala will give sawab equal to Ibadah of
Ambiya Karam's (Messengers of Allah) Ibadah.
2) Pray two cycles of ritual prayer (raka').
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA recite Surah QADR 3 times and Surah
IKHLAS 27 times, and plead to Allah for the forgiveness of sins.
Benefit: Allah Willing (Insha'Allah), the Allah Almighty will forgive
all their previous sins.
3) Pray four cycles of ritual prayer (raka'). (2 sets of 2 raka' each).
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah TAKAASUR once and
Surah IKHLAS three times.
Benefit: Whoever offers this salah, they will be saved from hardship
at the time of death, and Allah Willing (Insha'Allah), they will
befreed from the punishment of the grave.
4) Pray two cycles of ritual prayer (raka').
In each raka', after Surahh FATIHA, recite Surah IKHLAS seven timesand
after salah recite this seventy times:
"ASTAGHFIRUL LAA HAL AZEEMAL LAZEE LAA ILAAHAILLA HUWAL HAIY YUL
QAYYOOMU WA ATOOBU ILAIH"
Benfit: Before the person gets up from the praying area, Allah
Almighty will pardon them and their parents, and Allah Almighty will
Command the angels to adorn the Paradise for them and it is said that
they will not die until they see the blessings (ne'mat) of Paradise
with their own eyes.
5) Pray two cycles of ritual prayer (raka').
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah ALAM'NASHRAH once,
Surah IKHLAS threetimes and after salah, recite Surah QADR 27 times.
Benefit: Effecive for unlimited Sawab of Ibadah.
6) Pray four cycles of ritual prayer (raka'). (1 set of 4 raka').
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA' recite Surah QADR three times and
Surah IKHLAS fifty times and after completion of this salah (namaaz),
recite this once in prostration (sajdah):
"SUBHAAN ALLAAHI WAL HAMDU LILLAAHI WALAA ILAAHA ILLAL LAAHU WALLAA HU AKBAR"
Benefit: After that whatever wish one may have, either worldly or
religious, may be pleased. Allah Willing (Insha'Allah), their
supplication will be fulfilled.
7) In this night, recite Surah Mulk 7 times. It is good for freeing
from punishment.
29th Night of Ramadhan-Ul-Mubarak - 5th night of Laitlat-Ul-Qadr
1) Pray four cycles of ritual prayer (raka'). (2 sets of 2 raka' each).
In every raka', after Surah FATIHA recite Surah QADR once and Surahh
IKHLAS three times. After salah, recite Surah ALAM'NASHRAH 70 times.
Benefit: Efective for the completion of Imaan.
2) Offer four cycles of ritual prayer (raka'). (2 sets of 2 raka' each).
In each raka', after Surah FATIHA, recite Surah QADR once and Surah
IKHLAS five times. After salah, recite SALAAT-O-SALAAM (Darood Sharif)
100 times. Click here for Durood page.
Benefit: Effective for forgiveness of sins.
3) Recite Surah WAAQIAH seven times. Beneficial for increase in Rizq.
In any night of RAMAZAN-UL-MUBARAK, after taraavih recite Surah QADR
seven times. Allah Willing (Insha'Allah), the one who does so, will
besaved from all troubles and afflictions.
On this great night it's ofgreat benefit to performSalat-Ul-Tasbih.

--

- - - - -

And Allah Knows the Best!

- - - - -

Published by :->
M NajimudeeN Bsc- INDIA

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤

Hadees - , 82 hadith found in ' Knowledge ' of Sahih Bukhari.

56
Narrated Abu Huraira:While the Prophet was saying something in a
gathering, a Bedouin came and asked him,"When would the Hour
(Doomsday) take place?" Allah's Apostle continued his talk, so some
people said that Allah's Apostle had heard the question, but did not
like what that Bedouin had asked. Some of them said that Alllah's
Apostle had not heard it. When the Prophet finished his speech, he
said, "Where is the questioner, who enquired about the Hour
(Doomsday)?" The Bedouin said, "I am here,O Allah's Apostle ." Then
the Prophet said, "When honesty is lost, then wait for the Hour
(Doomsday)." The Bedouin said, "How will that be lost?" The Prophet
said, "When the power or authority comes in the hands of unfit
persons, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday.)"
-
57
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr: Once the Prophet remained behind us in a
journey. He joined us while we were performing ablution for the prayer
which was over-due. We were just passing wet hands over our feet (and
not washing them properly) so the Prophet addressed us in a loud voice
and said twice or thrice: "Save your heels from the fire."
58
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Allah's Apostle said,"Amongst the trees, thereis a
tree, the leaves of which do not fall and is like a Muslim. Tell me
the name of that tree." Everybody started thinking about the trees of
the desert areas. And I thought of the date-palmtree but felt shy to
answer the others then asked, "What is that tree, O Allah's Apostle ?"
He replied, "It is the date-palm tree."
59
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: The Prophet said,"Amongst the trees, thereis a
tree, the leaves of which do not fall and is like a Muslim. Tell me
the name of that tree." Everybody started thinking about the trees of
the desert areas. And I thought of the date-palmtree. The others then
asked, "Please inform us what is that tree, O Allah's Apostle?" He
replied, "It is the date-palm tree."
60
Narrated Ibn Umar: same as above Hadith 59.
61
Narrated Ibn Umar: same as above Hadith 59.
62
Narrated Ibn Umar: same as above Hadith 59.
63
Narrated Anas bin Malik: While we were sitting with the Prophet in the
mosque, a man came riding on a camel. He made his camel kneel down in
the mosque, tied its foreleg and then said: "Who amongst you is
Muhammad?" At that time the Prophet was sitting amongst us (his
companions) leaning on his arm. We replied, "Thiswhite man reclining
on his arm." The an then addressed him, "O Son of 'Abdul Muttalib."
The Prophet said, "I am here to answer your questions." The man said
to the Prophet, "I want toask you something and will be hard in
questioning. So do not get angry." The Prophet said, "Ask whatever you
want." The man said, "I ask you by your Lord, and the Lord of those
who were before you, has Allah sent you as an Apostle to all the
mankind?" The Prophet replied, "By Allah, yes." The man further said,
"I ask you by Allah. Has Allah ordered you to offer five prayers in a
day and night (24 hours).? He replied, "By Allah, Yes." The man
further said, "I ask you byAllah! Has Allah ordered you to observe
fasts during this month of the year (i.e. Ramadan)?" He replied, "By
Allah, Yes." The man further said, "I ask you by Allah. Has Allah
ordered you to takeZakat (obligatory charity)from our rich people
anddistribute it amongst our poor people?" The Prophet replied, "By
Allah, yes." Thereupon that man said, "I have believed in all that
with which you have been sent, and I have been sent by my people as a
messenger, and I am Dimam bin Tha'laba fromthe brothers of Bani Sa'd
bin Bakr."
64
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abbas: Once Allah's Apostle gave a letter to a
person and ordered him to go and deliver it to theGovernor of Bahrain.
(He did so) and the Governor of Bahrain sent it to Chousroes, who read
thatletter and then tore it to pieces. (The sub-narrator (Ibn Shihab)
thinks that Ibn Al-Musaiyab said that Allah's Apostle invoked Allah
against them (saying), "May Allah tear them into pieces, and disperse
them all totally.)"
65
Narrated Anas bin Malik: Once the Prophet wrote a letter or had an
idea of writing a letter. The Prophet was told that they (rulers)
would not read letters unless they were sealed. So the Prophet got a
silver ring made with "Muhammad Allah's Apostle" engravedon it. As if
I were just observing its white glitter in the hand of the Prophet
-
82 hadith found in ' Knowledge ' of Sahih Bukhari.
65
Narrated Anas bin Malik: Once the Prophet wrote a letter or had an
idea of writing a letter. The Prophet was told that they (rulers)
would not read letters unless they were sealed. So the Prophet got a
silver ring made with "Muhammad Allah's Apostle" engravedon it. As if
I were just observing its white glitter in the hand of the Prophet
66
Narrated Abu Waqid Al-Laithi: While Allah's Apostle was sitting in the
mosque with some people, three men came. Two of them came in front of
Allah's Apostle and the third one went away. The two persons kept on
standing before Allah's Apostle for a whileand then one of them found
a place in the circle and sat there whilethe other sat behind the
gathering, and the third one went away. When Allah's Apostle finished
his preaching, he said,"Shall I tell you about these three persons?
One of them be-took himself to Allah, so Allah took him into His grace
and mercy and accommodated him, the second felt shy from Allah, so
Allah sheltered Him in His mercy (and didnot punish him), while the
third turned his face from Allah and went away, so Allah turned His
face from him likewise. "
67
Narrated 'Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakra's father: Once the Prophet was
riding his camel and a man was holding its rein. The Prophet
asked,"What is the day today?" We kept quiet, thinking that he might
give that day another name. He said, "Isn't it the day of Nahr
(slaughtering of theanimals of sacrifice)" We replied, "Yes." He
further asked, "Which month is this?" We again kept quiet, thinking
that he might give it another name. Then he said, "Isn'tit the month
of Dhul-Hijja?" We replied,"Yes." He said, "Verily! Your blood,
property andhonor are sacred to one another (i.e. Muslims) likethe
sanctity of this day ofyours, in this month of yours and in this city
of yours. It is incumbent upon those who are present to inform those
who are absent because those who are absent might comprehend (what I
have said) better than the present audience."
68
Narrated Ibn Mas'ud: The Prophet used to take care of us in preaching
by selecting a suitable time, so that we might not get bored. (He
abstained from pesteringus with sermons and knowledge all the time).
69
Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said,"Facilitate things to people
(concerning religious matters), and do not make it hard for them and
give them good tidings and do not make them run away (from Islam)."
70
Narrated Abu Wail: 'Abdullah used to give a religious talk to the
people on every Thursday. Once a man said, "O Aba 'Abdur-Rahman! (By
Allah) I wishif you could preach us daily." He replied, "The only
thing which prevents me from doing so, is that I hate to bore you, and
no doubt I take care of you in preaching by selecting a suitable time
just as the Prophet used to do with us, for fear of making us bored."
71
Narrated Muawiya: I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "If Allah wants to
do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. I am just a
distributor, but the grantis from Allah. (And remember) that this
nation (true Muslims) willkeep on following Allah'steachings strictly
and they will not be harmed by any one going on a different path till
Allah's order (Day of Judgment) is established."
72
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: We were with the Prophet and a spadix of date-palm
tree was brought to him. On that he said, "Amongst the trees, there is
a tree which resembles a Muslim." I wanted to say that it was the
date-palmtree but as I was the youngest of all (of them) I kept quiet.
And then theProphet said, "It is the date-palm tree."
73
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud: The Prophet said, "Do not wish to be
like anyone except in two cases. (The first is) A person, whom Allah
has given wealth and he spends it righteously; (the second is) the one
whom Allah has given wisdom (the Holy Qur'an)and he acts according to
it and teaches it to others." (Fateh-al-Bari page 177 Vol. 1)
74
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: That he differed with Hurbin Qais bin Hisn
Al-Fazariregarding the companion of (the Prophet) Moses. Ibn 'Abbas
said that he was Khadir. Meanwhile, Ubai bin Ka'b passed by them and
Ibn 'Abbas called him, saying "My friend (Hur) and I have differed
regarding Moses' companion whom Moses,asked the way to meet. Have you
heard the Prophet mentioning something about him? Hesaid, "Yes. I
heard Allah's Apostle saying, "While Moses was sitting in the company
of some Israelites, a man came and asked him. "Do you know anyone who
is more learned than you? Moses replied: "No." So Allah sent the
Divine Inspiration to Moses: 'Yes,Our slave Khadir (is more learned
than you.)' Mosesasked (Allah) how to meet him (Khadir). So Allah made
the fish as a sign for him and he was told that when the fish was
lost, he should return (to the place where he had lost it) andthere he
would meet him(Al-Khadir). So Moses went on looking for the sign of
the fish in the sea.The servant-boy of Mosessaid to him: Do you
remember when we betook ourselves to the rock, I indeed forgot the
fish, none but Satan made me forget to remember it. On that Moses
said: 'That is what we have been seeking? (18.64) So they went back
retracing their foot-steps, and found Khadir. (And) what happened
further to them is narrated in the Holy Qur'an by Allah. (18.54 up to
18.82)

--

- - - - -

And Allah Knows the Best!

- - - - -

Published by :->
M NajimudeeN Bsc- INDIA

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ ¤