Allaah's Knowledge is infinite

One of the Divine Attributes Allaah, The Most Exalted, Has is Infinite
Knowledge that encompasses everything in the heavens and earth and
what is in between them; in the worldly life and the Hereafter.
Therefore, among His Divine Names is the All-Knowing. He, the Almighty
Says in the Quarn (what means): "Verily, He, only He, is the
All-Hearer, the All-Knower." [Quran 26: 220]
Allaah Almighty has called Himself by some other Names which reflect
this attribute, such as Al-Khabeer (the All-Aware), which entails that
He knows what will be before it happens; Al-Hakeem (the Wise), which
entails that He knows the details of things; Ash-Shaheed (the
Witness), which entails that He knows what is unseen and what is seen,
i.e., that nothing is unknown to Him; and Al-Muhsiy (the Reckoner),
which entails thatthe fact that He knows so much does not distract Him
from knowing the tiniest details, such as the light of the day and how
strong the wind is, and when theleaves fall. He knows the numbers and
the movements of each leaf.
His Knowledge encompasses generalitiesand minor details:
Some philosophers claim that Allaah knows things in general terms, but
He does not know minor details. This, no doubt, is asheer lie. The
Knowledge of Allaah, Glory is to Him, is comprehensive and
all-encompassing, and nothing whatsoever is hidden from Him on earth
or in the heavens. He knows every movement on land and in the depths
of the sea, and there is no leaf that falls from a tree or a seed that
is planted in the ground, or a small plant that cleaves the earth, or
dries out or dies, but the Knowledge of Allaahencompasses it. Allaah
Almighty Says (what means): "...And He knows whatever there is in the
land and in the sea; not a leaf falls, but He knows it. There is not a
grain in the darkness of theearth, nor anything fresh or dry, but is
written in a Clear Record." [Quran 6: 59]
Nothing of the innumerable animals, birds, insects, etc. is hidden
from Allaah, as stated in the verse (which means): "And nomoving
[living] creature is there on earth but its provision is due from
Allaah. And He knows its dwelling place and its deposit [in the uterus
or grave]. All is in a Clear Book [the Preserved Tablet]." [Quran 11:
6]
There is nothing that goes down into the earth, or ascends from the
earth to the heavens, but Allaah encompasses it with His Infinite
Knowledge. Allaah Says (what means):
" He knows that which goes into the earth and that which comes forth
from it, and that which descends from the heaven and that which
ascends to it. And He is the Most Merciful, the Oft-Forgiving." [Quran
34: 2]
Nothing of man is hidden from Allaah, the All-Knowing, whatsoever.
Allaah's Knowledge of man is comprehensive, encompassing his apparent
and visible actions, but He also knowswhat is hidden in the depths of
his soul, as stated in the verse (which means): "Say [O Muhammad]:
'Whether you hide what is in your breasts or reveal it, Allaah knows
it...'" [Quran 3: 29]
And the verse (which means): "And He is Allaah [to be worshipped
Alone] in the heavens and on the earth; He Knows what you conceal and
what you reveal..." [Quran 6: 3]
All the disasters and tribulations that happen on earth, or happen to
the individual, or to his wealth or family, etc., were known to Allaah
before they happened, He has written them in the Preserved Tablet as
He Says (what means): "Nodisaster strikes upon the earth oramong
yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into
being — indeed that, for Allaah, is easy." [Quran 57:22]
Allaah's Knowledge encompassesall the minor details of man's life.He,
the All-Knowing Says (what means): "Neither you [O Muhammad] do any
deed nor recite any portion of the Quran, nor you [O mankind] do any
deed [good or evil], but We are Witness thereof, when you are doing
it..." [Quran 10: 61]
In the Noble Quran, Almighty Allaah reports the invaluable advice
which Luqmaan (a wise pious man) gave to his son in regards to pure
faith in Allaah, the Most Exalted. This is in the verse (which means):
"O my son! If it be [anything] equal to the weight of a grain of
mustard seed, and though it be in a rock, or in the heavens or in the
earth, Allaah will bring it forth. Verily, Allaah is Subtle [in
bringing out that grain], Well-Aware [of its place]." [Quran 3l: 16]
For the Knowledge of Allaah, secret and open, small and great,unseen
and seen, are all the same, as in the verse (which means):
"Allaah knows what every female carries and what the wombs lose
[prematurely] or exceed. And everything with Him is by due measure.
[He is] (He is the) Knower of the unseen and the seen, the Grand, the
Exalted. It is the same [to Him] concerning you whether one conceals
[his] speech or one publicizes it and whether one is hidden by night
or conspicuous [among others] by day." [Quran 13: 8-10]
Allaah, the Almighty, indeed spoke the truth when He said (what means):
"... And nothing is hidden from your Lord [so much as] the weight of
an atom [or small ant] on the earth or in the heaven. Not what is less
than that or what is greater than that but is [written] in a Clear
Record." [Quran 10: 61]
Allaah's Knowledge: An excuse not to exert effort?
Some might raise a question like:"If Allaah Knows or Decrees certain
catastrophes or trials to happen, then why should I strive to avoid
them?" Or, "If Allaah destined that a given person will live as a
disbeliever and later is tobe doomed to Hell, why should He punish
him?"
The answer to such a misconception is that Allaah, the Most Exalted,
has endowed man with ability, will and volition, andHe has shown him
the two ways: that of good and that of evil through His revelations to
His Messengers may Allaah exalt theirmention. So, whoever chooses the
way of good, Allaah will guide him and grant him success and the
opposite is true. Allaah Says (what means): "And (We, i.e. Allaah)
have shown him the two ways - of good and evil". [Quran 90:10].
Allaah also Says (what means): "Whosoever desires (through his deeds)
the reward of the Hereafter, We give him increase in his reward, and
whosoever desires the reward of this world (through his deeds), We
give him thereof (what is written for him),and he has no portion in
the Hereafter." [Quran 42:20].
The above mentioned verses clarify that one has the volition and not
obliged to do things against his will. For example, no one can deny
that man has a volition concerning material affairs such as
livelihood: he spares no effort to gain more andmore although he knows
that hislivelihood is predestined.
Another example is that concerning one's seeking each and every remedy
and means of safety to avoid harm. - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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