Zakaah , Dought & clear, - * He is entrusted with some charity funds and his brother owes him money – can he give him some of that charity money?

I have in my possession charity funds which are exclusively earmarked for a specific area. We have allocated part of it to give loans to those who are in need. My brother was laid off, and he is outwardly righteous. He failed to find a job and in the end he found someone who would find him a job in return for a payment of thirty thousand riyals. I gave him this amount from my own money, on the basis that he would pay me back from his salary in the future, in sha Allah. But that person turned out to be a con man, and my brother has not found a job and has not paid me back.
My question is: is it permissible for me to give my brother some of that charity money so that he can pay me back? Note that he does not have any income apart from six hundred riyals a month, and I am borrowing to pay off my own expenses. May Allaah reward you with good.
Praise be to Allaah.
If your brother is poor and is entitled to zakaah, then it is permissible for you to give him some of the charity funds that are with you (if he is from the same area that was specified by the donors), without stipulating any conditions. You should not take that to replace the money that you gave to him, but if he gives it to you of his own free will then it is o.k. for you to take it.

Zakaah , Dought & clear, - * Puttingmoney in the bank, and can hospitals be built with zakaah funds?

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If a person has money in a savings account or in the bank, and he pays zakaah on that money every year, does this money become dubious because of the interest? With regard to paying zakaah, is it permissible to donate this money for building a hospital or orphanage (by putting this money in a special account) or must it be given hand to hand?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly:
Putting money in riba-based banks and taking riba for that, which is called interest, is a major sin, and paying zakaah on that money does not absolve one of sin.
See the answer to question no. 22339, which explains the prohibition on riba.
The answer to question no. 181explains the prohibition on putting money in riba-based banks.
Secondly:
With regard to what zakaah may be spent on, it is not permissible to use it for building a hospital or an orphanage, whether it is given hand to hand or via another means. The areas in which zakaah may be spent are limited and it is not permissible to add anything to them. The areas in which zakaah may be spent are mentioned in the verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“As-Sadaqaat (here it means Zakaah) are only for the Fuqaraa’ (poor), and Al-Masaakeen(the poor) and those employed to collect (the funds); and to attract the hearts of those who have been inclined (towards Islam); and to free the captives; and for those in debt; and for Allaah’s Cause (i.e. for Mujaahidoon — those fighting in a holy battle), and for the wayfarer (a traveller who is cut off from everything)”
[al-Tawbah 9:60] We have explained these further in our answer to question no. 6977
We have stated in a number of our answers that it is not permissible to use zakaah money for building mosques or schools, or for printing copies of the Qur’aan. See questions no. 13734and 21797.
But if the intention in giving the money to an orphanage is so that this money will be spent on the poor orphans, then this is permissible, if the orphans are poor.
It is better for you to dispose of the zakaah on your wealth yourself, so that you can be certain that you have given it to one of the causes enjoined by Allaah. You have to do your best to identify those who are entitled to it.
And Allaah knows best.

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Fasting, - Doupht&clear, - * The reason why fasting is prescribed

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What is the reason why fasting is prescribed?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Firstly we must note that one of the names of Allaah is al-Hakeem (the Most Wise). The wordHakeemis derived from the same root ashukm(ruling) andhikmah(wisdom). Allaah alone is the One Who issues rulings, and His rulings are the most wise and perfect.
Secondly:
Allaah does not prescribe any ruling but there is great wisdom behind it, which we may understand, or our minds may not be guided to understand it. We may know some of it but a great deal is hidden from us.
Thirdly:
Allaah has mentioned the reason and wisdom behind His enjoining of fasting upon us, as He says (interpretation of the meaning):
“O you who believe! Observing As-Sawm (the fasting) is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqoon (the pious)”
[al-Baqarah 2:183]
Fasting is a means of attaining taqwa (piety, being conscious of Allaah), and taqwa means doing that which Allaah has enjoined and avoiding that which He has forbidden.
Fasting is one of the greatest means of helping a person to fulfil the commands of Islam.
The scholars (may Allaah have mercy on them) have mentioned some of the reasons why fasting is prescribed, all of which are characteristics of taqwa, but there is nothing wrong with quoting them here, to draw the attention of fasting people to them and make them keen to attain them.
Among the reasons behind fasting are:
1 – Fasting is a means that makes us appreciate and give thanks for pleasures. For fasting means giving up eating, drinking and intercourse, which are among the greatest pleasures. By giving them up for a short time, we begin to appreciate their value. Because the blessings of Allaah are not recognized, but when you abstain from them, you begin to recognize them, so this motivates you to be grateful for them.
2 – Fasting is a means of giving up haraam things, because if a person can give up halaal things in order to please Allaah and for fear of His painful torment, then he will be more likely to refrain from haraam things. So fasting is a means of avoiding the things that Allaah has forbidden.
3 – Fasting enables us to control our desires, because when a person is full his desires grow, but if he is hungry then his desire becomes weak. Hence the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “O young men! Whoever among you can afford to get married, let him do so, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and protecting one’s chastity. Whoever cannot do that, let him fast, for it will be a shield for him.”
4 – Fasting makes us feel compassion and empathy towards the poor, because when the fasting person tastes the pain of hunger for a while, he remembers those who are in this situation all the time, so he will hasten to do acts of kindness to them and show compassion towards them. So fasting is a means of feeling empathy with the poor.
5 – Fasting humiliates and weakens the Shaytaan; it weakens the effects of his whispers (waswaas) on a person and reduces his sins. That is because the Shaytaan “flows through the son of Adam like blood” as the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, but fasting narrows the passages through which the Shaytaan flows, so his influence grows less.
Shaykh al-Islam said inMajmoo’ al-Fataawa, 25/246
Undoubtedly blood is created from food and drink, so when a person eats and drinks, the passages through which the devils flow – which is the blood – become wide. But if a person fasts, the passages through which the devils flow become narrow, so hearts are motivated to do good deeds, and to give up evil deeds.
6 – The fasting person is training himself to remember that Allaah is always watching, so he gives up the things that he desires even though he is able to take them, because he knows that Allaah can see him.
7 – Fasting means developing an attitude of asceticism towards this world and its desires, and seeking that which is with Allaah.
8 – It makes the Muslim get used to doing a great deal of acts of worship, because the fasting person usually does more acts of worship and gets used to that.
These are some of the reasons why fasting is enjoined. We ask Allaah to help us to achieve them and to worship Him properly.
And Allaah knows best.
SeeTafseer al-Sa’di, p. 116; Ibn al-Qayyim’s footnotes onal-Rawd al-Murabba’, 3/344;al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah, 28/9.

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Fasting, - Doupht&clear, - * He prays but he does not fast inRamadan – does that makehim a kaafir?

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Is a person who does not fast a kaafir, if he still prays, and he does not fast even though he is not sick and has no other excuse?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Whoever does not fast because he denies that it is obligatory is a kaafir according to scholarly consensus. If a person does not fast because he is lazy or heedless, some scholars say that that makes him a kaafir, although the correct view is that it does not, but he is in serious danger because he has forsaken one of the pillars of Islam on which there is consensus that it is obligatory. And he deserves to be punished and disciplined by the ruler in such a manner as to deter him from this. He must also make up the fasts that he has missed and repent to Allaah.
And Allaah knows best.
SeeFataawa al-Lajnah, 10/143.






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