For children, - Foundation of religion Islam, is on knowledge (Ilm) & Noble Character(Akhlaq)

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Foundation of religion, Islam is on knowledge (Ilm)and Noble Character (Akhlaq). When we study the life and times of our beloved Ahlul Bayt (as), we notice that the main weapon they used in carrying out their mission of spreading the message of Allah (SWT), was knowledge on one hand and Noble Character on the other. Our 6th Imam, Imam Jafar Sadiq (as) narrates that, "Anyone who is devoid of knowledge (Ilm) and Noble Character (Akhlaq)is like an orphan who has lost both his parents." Our Fuqaha (scholars) are apt examples of the height of character one can attain. It has been narrated about the spiritual station of our great Marja, Ayatullah Muhammad Husein Burujerdi (d.1961), that he had made a vow (Nadhr)that if he ever uttered inappropriate words when angry, he would fast for a whole year (to train his soul). Indeed, he had a very lofty station because of his excellent character. He himself has said, "Before I came to Qom, I used to hear the voices of angels." He was a Marja whose credentials as a supreme authority had been endorsed by Amir al-Mu'mineen, Imam Ali (pbuh) himself. Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: I seek refuge in Allah (SWT) from knowledge that brings no wisdom, from a heart that lacks kindness, from desires that bring discontent, and from supplications that go unanswered. Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: "Teachers and students both share in rewards but other people are deprived of them." Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: "He who searches for knowledge is similar to a person who fasts during the day and keeps vigil at night and is busy worshipping. If a person acquires a branch of knowledge, it is better for him than possessing as much gold as the height of Abu Qubais Mount which he would distribute in the way of Allah (SWT)." Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: "The virtue of knowledge is more beloved with Allah (SWT) than the virtue of worship." Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: "The Noble Qur'anis Allah's (SWT) university; so, learn as much as you can in this university." Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said: "Fie upon that Muslim who does not allocate (at least) one day a week to the study of the details of his religion and to explore (the affairs) of his religion." Imam Hassan (as) said: "Teach your knowledge to others and (try to) learn yourself the knowledge of others." Imam Baqir (as) said: "Try to learn knowledge because learning it is a good action and study is itself a worship." Imam Jafar Sadiq (as) said: "Be careful of your knowledge and see from whom you get it." Imam Jafar Sadiq (as) said: "Try to obtain knowledge and ornament it with patience and dignity; and be humble for the one who learns knowledge from you." Share

Hajj & Umrah, - There Is Neither Rafath)Sexual Relations(, nor Disobedience nor Disputing During Hajj - II

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}and no disobedience{
Disobedience is forbidden at all times, but it is even more forbidden duringHajj.
Disobedience is failing to obey Allaah The Almighty, and to exceed His due limits. There is difference of opinion about what is meant by it in the Quranic Verse:
The first is to call each other offensive nicknames, as confirmed by Allaah The Almighty in His statement )what means(:}and do not call each other by ]offensive[ nicknames. Wretched is the name of disobedience after ]one's[ faith.{]Quran 49:11[
The second is to insult one another, due to the statement of the Messenger of Allaah,:“Verily, insulting a Muslim is disobedience, and fighting with him is disbelief.”]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
The third is to cause harm and be rude )to others(. That is taken from the statement of Allaah The Almighty )what means(:}Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is ]grave[ disobedience in you. And fear Allaah . And Allaah teaches you.{]Quran 2:282[
The fourth is to slaughter for the sake of idols, as was the habit of the people of the pre-Islamic era, who used to slaughter animals during the season ofHajjfor the sake of their idols. Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:
*.}And do not eat of that upon which the Name of Allaah has not been mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience.{]Quran 6:121[
*.}Or it be ]that slaughtered in[ disobedience, dedicated to other than Allaah.{]Quran 6:145[
The fifth, which is the correct opinion, is that the disobedience meant in the Noble Verse includes all sins. Ibn ‘Umarsaid,“Disobedience means all sins to be committed, with which Allaah The Almighty is disobeyed, whether it is catching game or any other sin.”He also used to say,“It is to commit the sins with which Allaah The Almighty is disobeyed in the Sanctuary.”
According to Ibn Katheer“The correct opinion is that of those who say that disobedience includes all sins. Similarly, Allaah The Almighty forbade injustice during the Sacred months, and although it is forbidden at all times, forbidding it during them is more confirmed. That is the significance of His Statement )which means(:}of these, four are sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them.{]Quran 9:36[As regards the Sanctuary, Allah The Almighty Says )what means(:}and ]also[ whoever intends ]a deed[ therein of deviation ]in religion[ or wrongdoing - We will make him taste of a painful punishment.{]Quran 22:25[
It is proven from the Messenger of Allaah,, that he said:“He who performs Hajj, in which he neither has sexual relations nor commits sins, will come out as sinless as a newborn child just delivered by his mother.”]Al-Bukhaari[
}and no disputing during Hajj{]Quran 2:197[
Disputation duringHajjis to fall into unnecessary useless quarrels and arguments about the rites ofHajj,which develops feelings of resentment and grudge. Allaah The Almighty clarified those rites in detail, and any dispute or argument about them afterwards is of no significance. It is related that it was the habit of the Quraysh that whenever they gathered in Mina, some of them would say to each other,“Our Hajj is more perfect.”Others would say,“No, it is our Hajjthat is more perfect.” It is reported that they used to argue with each other about the days ofHajj,and say, “HajjIs today )and not any other day(.” Allaah The Almighty forbade them to do so.
It is narrated on the authority of Ibn Mas‘ood and Ibn ‘Abbaasthat they said,“Disputation during Hajj is to argue with your companion until you provoke his anger.”It is narrated on the authority of Ibn ‘Umarthat it means to curse and quarrel with each other. According to ‘Ikrimah“It is to make a Muslim angry with you.”
}And whatever good you do -- Allaah knows it{
When He The Almighty forbade them to do anything shameful, in word and deed, He Urged them to do what is good, and told them that He knows it well, and will give them the best reward for it on the Day of Judgment. Allah The Almighty Says )what means(:}And whatever good you do - Allaah knows it.{According to Al-Qurtubi“It is to urge and encourage them to adhere to good in word rather than lewdness, and righteousness and piety in deed rather than disobedience and disputation.”
}And take provisions{
Allaah The Almighty here commands )the pilgrims( to take provisions with them. It was revealed in connection with a group of Arabs who used to come to the House of Allaah without provision, and say,“We are reliant on Allaah: how should we come to perform Hajj to the House of Allaah and He feeds us not?”In this way, they were dependent on people. But they were forbidden to do so, and rather commanded to take provision of flour,Saweeq)powdered barley(, cake, and so on.
}but indeed, the best provision is fear of Allaah{
When He commanded them to take the worldly provision that sustains the body, He guided them to the provision of the Hereafter that sustains the heart, and clarified that it is the best and the most advantageous provision, as confirmed by His statement )what means(:}O children of Adam, We have bestowed upon you clothing to conceal your private parts and as adornment. But the clothing of righteousness - that is best.{]Quran 7:26[
}And fear Me, O you of understanding{
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Hajj & Umrah, - There Is Neither Rafath)Sexual Relations(, nor Disobedience nor Disputing During Hajj - I

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Allaah The Almighty mentioned in His Noble Book ofHajjobligations, acts of theSunnah)Prophetic tradition(, etiquettes, pillars and favorable things that indicate His care for this great act of worship and glorious rite. He clarified this matter in detail, and with perfect clarification; Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:}Hajj is ]during[ well-known months,so whoever has made Hajj obligatory upon himself therein ]by entering the state of Ihraam[there is ]to be for him[no Rafath )sexual relations(and no disobedienceand no disputing duringHajj.And whatever good you do - Allaah knows it.And take provisionsbut indeed, the best provision is fear ofAllaah. And fear Me, O you of understanding.{]Quran 2:197[
In this Quranic Verse, Allaah The Almighty pointed out the months ofHajjin which it is valid to assumeIhraam)sacral state( forHajj, i.e.Shawwaal, Thul-Qa‘dah, and the first ten days ofThul-Hijjah, according to the correct opinion of scholars.
Many CompanionsandTaabi‘is)Followers(liked to dedicate those months toHajjalone. That is why they disliked performing‘Umrahduring those months. This is narrated from ‘Umar, ‘Uthmaan, Ibn Mas‘oodAl-Qaasim, Ibn Seereenand others.
Allaah The Almighty mentioned that whoever intendedHajj)by assumingIhraam( has indeed made it binding upon himself, which requires him to abide by its restrictions and rulings according to the Quran andSunnah)Prophetic tradition(. In his comment on the following Statement of Allaah The Almighty )which means(:}so whoever has made Hajj obligatory upon himself therein ]by entering the state of Ihraam[]Quran 2:197[Jareersaid,“There is consensus among the scholars that what is intended by obligation here is to make it due and compulsory upon oneself.”
According to Ash-Shaafi‘i and Ahmad“Intention alone is sufficient to assume Ihraam for Hajj.”
}there is ]to be for him[ no Rafath )sexual relations({]Quran 2:197[
That is, whoever makesHajjor‘Umrahdue on him, let him avoidRafathwhich means sexual relations as shown by the Statement of Allaah The Almighty )which means(:}It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives ]for sexual relations[.{]Quran 2:187[ This also includes foreplay such as touching, embracing, kissing, and so on. It also includes talking lewdly to a woman about sexual intercourse, like,“Once I remove Ihraam, I will have sexual relations with you, and do such and such with you.”
In this way, the termRafathimplies every kind of ill speech, lewdness, flirting with women, and talking about sexual intercourse.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeensaid,
No doubt, sexual intercourse is the Ihraam’s most grievous proscription that has the greatest negative effect on Hajj, and it has two cases:
When it is before the first stage of coming out of the state of Ihraam, i.e. before throwing Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah, shaving and performing Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah on the day of Nahr; and it has two outcomes:
a-The obligation of a ransom, which is a camel or a cow to be sacrificed and distributed entirely to the poor, and the worshipper should eat nothing thereof.
b-The invalidity of the Hajj in which sexual intercourse takes place. But it has to be completed and compensated in the coming year without delay.
However, the Hajj would not be invalidated if any of the other proscriptions occurred.
The other case is when sexual intercourse takes place after the first stage of coming out of the state of Ihraam, i.e. after throwing Jamrat Al-‘Aqabah, shaving, and before performing Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah, in which case, Hajj is valid, but two things are required according to the prominent opinion: that is, to go to the area that is beyond the borders of the Sanctuary and reassume his Ihraam, and to put on a set of Izaar )upper garment( and Ridaa’ )lower garment(, and after that to perform Tawaaf Al-Ifaadhah while being in the state of Ihraam.
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Hajj & Umrah, - Hajj to the House: Virtues and Secrets - II

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… Continued
From the virtues of Hajj:
Islam states that a person is rewarded in accordance to the hardship he undergoes, and thus, sinceHajjis one of the hardest acts of worship, it has a great reward, high position and several virtues. The virtues ofHajjinclude:
1- Entering Paradise is the reward of a valid and acceptedHajj:Abu Hurayrahnarrated that the Prophetsaid:"Performing two ‘Umrahs expiates the sins committed in the interval between them, and )entering( Paradise is the reward of a valid and accepted Hajj."]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
2- Hajj wipes out previous sins: When‘Amr ibn Al-‘Aascame to the Prophetto give the pledge of accepting Islam, he set a condition that he should be granted forgiveness first. The Prophetsaid to him:"Do you not know that )embracing( Islam wipes out all that is before it )previous misdeeds(, that emigration wipes out all that is before it and that Hajj )pilgrimage( wipes out all that is before it?"]Muslim[
3-Hajjis the best form ofJihaadfor women:‘Aa’ishah, the Mother of the Believerssaid,"‘O Messenger of Allaah! We see that Jihaad is the best of deeds. Should we )women( not participate in it?’ The Prophetreplied; 'For you, the best Jihaad is an accepted Hajj.'"]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
4-Hajjand‘Umrahwipe out poverty and sins: It was narrated thatJaabir ibn ‘Abdullaahsaid,"Perform Hajj and ‘Umrah continuously for they wipe out poverty and sins just as fire wipes out the filth of iron."]At-Tabaraani and Ad-Daaraqutni[
5- The pilgrim is under the protection of Allaah:Abu Hurayrahnarrated that the Prophetsaid:"Three )types( of people are under the protection of Allaah: A man who goes out to one of the Masjids of Allaah, a man who goes out for fighting in the cause of Allaah and a man who goes out for Hajj."]Saheeh Hadeeth[ ]Abu Nu‘aym: Hilyat Al-Awliyaa’[
These are some of the many virtues of Hajj, foremost among which is that the supplication of the pilgrim is answered.Hajjis one of the best righteous deeds, the people who performHajjand‘Umrahare the visitors and guests of Allaah The Almighty and He has pledged to generously host and honor His visitors. Moreover, the reward of a prayer at the Sacred House of Allaah equals the reward of 100,000 prayers at other Masjids, besides the great reward of Tawaaf )circumambulating the Ka‘bah(, reciting the Quran, remembering Allaah, shaving, sacrificing, standing at ‘Arafah as well as other rituals of Hajj.
The rationales and secrets ofHajj:
1- Teaching the Muslim to fear Allaah and honor His Symbols: Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:}That ]is so[. And whoever honors the Symbols of Allaah - indeed, it is from the piety of hearts.{]Quran 22: 32[
2- Teaching one to be a slave of Allaah, surrender to Him and follow His Sharee‘ah )legislation(: Many of the rites of Hajj could be questioned by the Muslim and he may wonder about the rationale behind them, such as removing clothes and adornments,Tawaaf,Sa‘y)walking betweenAs-SafaandAl-Marwahmountains(, standing at‘Arafahfor a specific time, throwing the pebbles, spending the night in Mina, and so on. However, he performs these rites with complete submission and faith, even while he is unaware of the rationale behind them.
3- Boosting the brotherhood of Islam: Pilgrims from different parts of the world meet in one place, wearing the same dress, seeking one goal and cooperate with each other to the utmost. All these aspects boost the ties of brotherhood among Muslims.
4- Remembering the Hereafter and its terrors: DuringHajj, there is overcrowding, pushing, loud sounds, fear, weeping, supplication, removing adornments and clothes, hardship, tiredness, waiting for the Mercy of Allaah The Almighty – all of which is a reminder of the Hereafter.
5- Remembering Allaah The Almighty: Remembering Allaah is the greatest goal of all acts of obedience, and its opposite is heedlessness. Many pilgrims are heedless while performing theHajjrituals and they only perform superficial acts. Some pilgrims could even feel annoyance at some rituals and thus they return afterHajj, neither increasing their faith in Allaah The Almighty nor drawing closer to Him.
These are only a few of the rationales and inner dimensions ofHajj, but they are sufficient for those who are mindful of their Lord and have sentient hearts, alive with the light of true faith.
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