The extraordinary features of the atom

The atom consists of a nucleus, containing neutrons and protons,
and electrons revolving around it.
The smallest components of the atom are two types of quarks, and the
electrons. All the matter in the universe, all odors, all tastes,
all colors, hardness, softness and everything else is created out
of these three tiny components.
Electrons are extraordinarily minute compared to the nucleus. An
electron is just one 2000th of the protons that make up the
nucleus.
If we put a dot on a piece of paper and take this as the nucleus of
the atom, the electron revolving around it would be 50 meters away.
If we think of the nucleus as an apple, the electron orbiting it
would be 50 kilometers away. It would be impossible for a human
being standing there to see the electron.
No blow, impact or explosion that could take place in this world
can displace either the atom, the nucleus or the electrons. Even
when a living thing made up of atoms dies, the atoms that
constitute it will keep on turning.
The atoms that constitute a burning tree do not burn up and cease to
exist with it; they continue revolving in the air and combine with
different atoms to produce new substances.
The nucleus inside the atom is constantly revolving. Electrons
revolve both around the nucleus, and around their own axes. The
quarks inside the nucleus also revolve endlessly in the same way.
Each one revolves at a specific speed. They never make a mistake
and never impair the order set out for them. The electron
revolvesboth around its own axis and around the nucleus at an
extraordinary speed ranging from 2000 to 100,000 kilometers PER
SECOND.
Not a single electron has ever collided with another electron
throughout the 15 billion years since they were first created. No
such collision could ever happen.
Electrons revolve around the nucleus in seven different orbits, and
the number of electrons circling the nucleus may sometimes exceed
100.
Electrons jump into one another's orbits and change places at a very
high rate of speed. But despite their stupendous speeds and
movements they still never collide with one another.
Electron exchanges between two atoms takes place with a very low
energy. This is a great blessing to us in terms of the
continuation of life, as this is one of the reasons behind the
existence of everything, from the cells in our bodies to the
objects we use, from the stars in the skies to the Earth itself.
In a single moment, there is as much electrical transmission in our
brains as the number of stars in an average-size galaxy. This
electrical transmission is made possible by electrons.
Electrons also revolve around their own axes. This is known as
"spin". Were it not for that, all electrons would combine in a
single orbit, no electron exchange would ever take place, and
matter could never form.
While we think we are sitting quietly at home, the Earth is
revolving around its own axis at 500 meters per second . And we
are revolving with it. The Earth revolves around the Sun at 30
kilometers per second. And we again revolve with it. The Solar
System revolves within the Milky Way at a speed of 250 kilometers per
second. And we revolve with it. And every one of the atoms in our
bodies, all around us and where we live also constantly revolve.
Everything, from giant galaxies down to the tiniest quark, is under
the knowledge and control of Almighty Allah, Creator and Lord of
all the worlds.
I seek refuge in Allah from the accursed satan;
Everything in the heavens and the earth belongs to Allah. He knows
what you are engaged upon. On the Day when they are returned to
Him, He will inform them of what they did. Allah has knowledge of
all things. (Surat an-Nur, 64)

How the dajjal died - Darwinists Have Deceived the World with Fraud

Let us consider a scientific theory, the Big Bang for instance. This
theory was first proposed on the basis of a suspicion and a hypothesis
based on Einstein's theory of relativity. Following that, the search
began for the evidence needed to prove that this huge explosion
happened. This evidence did really exist. The cosmic microwave
background radiation confirming the explosion in question was foundand
the isotopic nature of the universe (the fact that all space is at
-270oC) was discovered. It was also scientifically proved that the
universe is constantly expanding, and this was anotherimportant and
definitive piece ofevidence confirming the theory in question.
Therefore, the Big Bang theory became one whose every claim had been
tested, confirmed and thus proved.
Darwin's theory of evolution was also launched under the name of
a"hypothesis." (In fact, the reasonfor the launching of the theory of
evolution was entirely ideological, but it was presentedunder the
guise of a scientific theory.) In order for this theory to be regarded
as valid, its claims would have to be proved, just like those of the
Big Bang. For that it would have to be observed whether or not the
imaginary mechanisms of evolution did in fact cause evolution. The
progress of 20th-century science proved that"natural selection,"
Darwin's illusory evolutionary mechanism,played no evolutionary role.
The science of genetics also inflicted a disappointment on
neo-Darwinists, who had lost hope in natural selection and sought to
depict mutation as an evolutionary mechanism instead. Following the
realization that mutations had no evolutionary effect either, it was
now the turn of the fossil record—Darwin and Darwinists' greatest
hope. The conclusion demonstrated by the fossil record, however, came
as a terrible shock to Darwinists! None of the imaginary intermediate
form fossils that had been sought for so many years existed anywhere
on Earth.Deeper research changed nothing. Not one single intermediate
form fossil has ever been found as a result of allthe research that
has been conducted to date.
Unwilling to abandon the false religion they adhered to, Darwinists
for years continued to hope that evidence for Darwinism would be
forthcoming. But none of the anticipated but illusory evidence ever
appeared. Despite this however, Darwinist lies never ended, and
pro-Darwinist demagoguery was stubbornly kept up. The interesting
thing is that despite the passage of 150 years, the failure to obtain
a single piece of evidence, and despite the fact that the conclusion
produced by geneticsand the fossil record proved the fact of Creation,
Darwinists still imagine this false religion can survive. But they are
making a terrible error, of course. In fact, even the proponents of
the theory are aware that evolution never happened in the history
oflife. They have clearly seen this as the result of countless pieces
of scientific evidence.
Despite all the foregoing, since the theory of evolution is an
ideology, a false religion needing to be propped up by its adherents
no matter what, Darwinists still need to maintain this false image of
their theory having a scientific nature. That is the reason why
Darwinists have resorted to fraud, speculation and countlesspropaganda
techniques to keep this false religion alive for the last 150 years.
As a requirement of their false religion, Darwinistshave no other
option to inculcate people with the idea that their theory is "true."
Because there is no scientific evidence for the truth of the theory,
they try to give the impression that "scientific evidence does exist."
In his bookCreative Defense, Nicholas Comninellis from the University
of Missouri-Kansas City describes the position in which this terrible
deception will find itself in the future:
Philosophically, the dogma of evolution is a dream, atheory without a
vestige of truth. Within fifty years, childrenin school will read of
extraordinary popular delusions,and this will be mentioned as one of
the most absurd. Many a merry jest will be uttered bearing upon the
follies of nineteenth century science. [1]
Comninellis's analysisis an accurate one. The theory ofevolution
consists of a false claim and the history of the theory is filled with
countless examples of fraud. Every claim and piece of evidence
produced by evolution is a fraud. The true nature, the true face of
all these frauds has been exposed. But the supporters of the religion
of Darwinism try to gloss over this or make people forget it. But no
matter how much they squirm, the whole world has begun to realize that
Darwinist propaganda rests on rotten foundations. As Comninellis
says,future generations will be amazed at the global effect of this
terrible deception and how it was supported by world-renowned
professors and scientists, and will ridicule this enormous
irrationality for quite a while.
The Dajjal tried to turn people away from Allah (God) through such
false methods. But all his plans have now been thwarted. The method he
employed, that is Darwinism, has now begun becoming a subject of
ridicule, even for children. The whole world will soon remember the
nonsense of Darwinism with horror and shame. This is very certainly a
snare from our Almighty Lord, a response to those who would rebel
against Him. As He reveals in one verse:
The evil actions they did assailed them. They were engulfed by what
they mocked. (Surat an-Nahl, 34)
[1] Nicholas Comninellis, Creative Defense, Evidence Against
Evolution, Master Books, 2001, p. 254

The Prophets, Messengers sent by Allah, are the true source of democracy

Liberty, an important component of human life and one that greatly
enhances its quality, is only possible when the idea of democracy
prevails. Because democracy is a form of government under which
everyone enjoys social justice, equality, rights and freedoms, it is
a blessing that Almighty Allah has revealed to His servants in the
Divine Books by way of the prophets. A climate of liberty, love,
compassion and justice, in which everyone can live freely and speak
their own minds and live together in peace, is commanded in all the
Divine Books. That is why ancient Greece, regarded as the
birthplace of democracy, or Europe, regarded as the center of
democracy today, learned about it from the true faiths. However,
the most highly developed form of democracy will come with the
global dominion of Islamic moral values.
Some people who are unacquainted with Islamic moral values, or have
only just begun learning about it, may harbor false opinions and
prejudices about it because they have turned to incorrect sources
of information. These people fall prey to an error of thinking,
despite the fact that it is completelyuntrue, that Islam will
restrict their living space, obstruct their freedoms, control their
thoughts and put limitations on art and science. The truth is that
Islam is a faith that provides for freedom of worship and
expression, places rights of all kinds under protection and offers
people true liberty. In the Qur'an, verse 41 of Surah Yunus, "If
they deny you, say, ' I have my actions and you have your actions.
You are not responsible for what I do and I am not responsible for
what you do' ," is one of those verses in which Almighty Allah
enjoins democracy for His servants. In this verse Allah clearly
reveals the importance of everyone enjoying freedom of ideas and
belief, free of any pressure or compulsion.
All the Conditions of Democracy Can Only Be Met When People Live by
Islamic Moral Values
1-SOCIAL JUSTICE: Almighty Allah Commands Social Justice and Sharing
Social justice is one of the basic principles of democracy in true
democracies. People learned social justice from the Prophet Noah
(pbuh) and the Prophet Abraham (pbuh). According to religious
sources, when the Ark came to dry land after the flood, the Prophet
Noah (pbuh) boiled together the small quantities of remaining
chickpeas, lentils, raisins, figs, wheat and the like to make a kind
of sweet broth. Everyone on the Ark then ate it together. That is
social justice, because by this example Prophet Noah (pbuh) teaches
everyone equality, solidarity and generosity and the importance of
distributing food to all:
As revealed in verse 69 of Surah Hud, "Our messengers brought the
good news to Abraham. They said, 'Peace!' and he too said, 'Peace!'
and brought in a roasted calf without delay" the Prophet Abraham
(pbuh) immediately killed a calf when guests arrived and had it
prepared for them to eat. Almighty Allah notes that by offering food
to people whom he had never met, the Prophet Abraham (pbuh) was
behaving in the best way, and wisely stresses the importance of
feeding the poor and of social justice.
2-EQUALITY: Almighty Allah Reveals in the Qur'an That No Race Is
Superior to Any Other
As Almighty Allah reveals in one verse of the Qur'an, superiority
lies in piety alone. In this verse Allah tells us:
Mankind! We created you from a male and female, and made you into
peoples and tribes so that you might come to know each other. The
noblest among you in Allah's Sight is the one with the most piety.
Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. (Surat al-Hujurat, 13)
Our Prophet (saas) expresses this truth commanded by Allah as
follows in the hadiths:
"You are sons of Adam, and Adam came from dust. Let the people
cease to boast about their ancestors." (Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 41,
Number 5097)
"These genealogies of yours are not a reason to revile anyone. You
are all children of Adam. No one has any superiority over another
except in religion and taqwa (godliness)." (Ahmad, 158/4)
During his final sermon, the Prophet (saas) called on Muslims in these terms:
"There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a
non-Arab over an Arab; nor for white over the black nor for the
black over the white except in piety. Verily the noblest among you
is he who is the most pious." (The Prophet Muhammad's Last Sermon;
http://www.stanford.ed u/~jamila/Sermon.html)
3-JUSTICE: Almighty Allah Commands Justice
Allah issues this commandment to believers in the Qur'an: "... You
who have faith! Be upholders of justice, bearing witness for Allah
alone, even against yourselves or your parents and relatives.
Whether they are rich or poor, Allah is well able to look after them.
Do not follow your own desires and deviate from the truth. If you
twist or turn away, Allah is aware of what you do." (Surat al-Nisa',
135)
The commands that our Prophet (saas) issued among Muslims and his
just and affectionate attitude toward people of different religions,
languages, races and tribes, as well as the way he treated everyone
equally, making no distinction between rich and poor as Allah
revealed in the Qur'an, represents an excellent example of the
conception of democracy.
In one verse, Allah tells our Prophet (saas):
They are people who listen to lies and consume ill-gotten gains. If
they come to you, you can either judge between them or turn away
from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any
way. But if you do judge, judge between them justly. Allah loves
the just. (Surat al-Ma'ida, 42)
Our Prophet (saas) adhered to Allah's commandment, even among
difficult people, and never made any concessions on justice. As
revealed, he always said, "My Lord has commanded justice..." (Surat
al-A'raf, 29), thus serving as a role model for all times.
Democracy Will Come about When People Are Living by the Moral
Values Commanded by Allah
As we have seen, in the essence of Islam, there is intellectual
freedom, freedom of faith and expression. Some people assume that
democracy entered the history of humanity with the ancient Greeks.
However, it is Allah Who teaches democracy to people. From the time
of the Prophet Adam (pbuh), all prophets have been the genuine
representatives of intellectual freedom and respect to views. The
essence of all the primary concepts – freedom of justice, not
putting any pressure upon anyone, treating everyone as a first class
citizens, respecting and trusting people, not judging anyone due to
his views- which are associated with democracy are present in the
morality of religion. Throughout history, people have learned these
concepts from the righteous religions revealed by Allah and
witnessed its most beautiful examples during the times when people
lived by the righteous religions.
When we look at the times when people were oppressed due to their
opinions and their different ideologies, members of various
religions were humiliated, while the arts, science and architecture
died out; times when people lost their joy in living and almost
turned into robots, or when book burnings, murders, massacres,
genocides became widespread, we see the influence of irreligious,
atheist ideologies or those who misinterpreted religious morality
with a radical mindset by distancing it from its essence.
Once Allah's righteous religion is lived in the form it is commanded
by Allah, the true justice, democracy, respect and love, that people
have been longing for, can be experienced. Very soon, democracy,
brotherhood, love, friendship and peace will, by Allah's leave,
dominate the world and people will experience the joy, bliss and
abundance of faith as much as they can. As one can clearly see from
the signs of the verses, hadiths of our Prophet (saas) and words of
great Islamic scholars, the time in which we live is the End Times.
The difficult and troublesome days of the End Times will, in this
century, come to end with the Prophet Jesus' (pbuh) and Hazrat
Mahdi's (pbuh) being instrumental, and the world will enter a brand
new, bright era. Communicating the Oneness and Unity of Allah in
the most beautiful and wise manner, and introducing people to
Islam as described in the Qur'an and lived in Age of Felicity lays a
very important foundation for the bright days that we will attain
in the near future. Our wish is that Allah will also render this
article instrumental in attaining the beauties in question. We
sincerely hope that the days when we see "people entering Allah's
religion in droves" come at once. Allah reveals these glad tidings as
follows in the Qur'an:
When Allah's help and victory have arrived and you have seen people
entering Allah's religion in droves, then glorify your Lord's praise
and ask His forgiveness. He is the Ever-Returning. (Surat an-Nasr,
1-3)
Freedom Is Important in Islam, and Compulsion and Pressure Are Prohibited
Every Muslim, as a requisite of the morality of the Qur'an, is
responsible for showing people the true path, enjoining the good and
forbidding that which is evil. But this never means to oblige
others to think, live, act and dress like oneself. A Muslim shows
the truth and leaves the choice to the person himself. This is the
commandment Allah informs us in the Qur'an in the verse, "There is
no compulsion in the religion..." (Surat al-Baqara: 256).
In line with Almighty Allah's commandment, our Prophet (saas) made
a contract with the Christians of Najran, who lived in the south of
Arabia. This makes it clear that Islam is the true source of freedom
of thought and belief in democracies. The contract included the
following article:
"The lives of the people of Najran and its surrounding area, their
religion, their land, property, cattle and those of them who are
present or absent, their messengers and their places of worship are
under the protection of Allah and guardianship of His Prophet." (The
Pact of Najran, Article 6, http://www.islamicreso urces.com
/Pact_of_Najran.htm.)
The Compact of Medina, signed by the Muslim immigrants from Mecca,
the indigenous Muslims of Medina, the Christians and the Jews of
Medina is one of the finest examples of the conception of
democracy in Islam. As a result of this constitution, which
established justice between communities with differing beliefs and
ensured the protection of their various interests, long years of
enmity were brought to an end. One of the most outstanding features
of the treaty is the freedom of belief it established. The relevant
article reads:
"The Jews of Banu 'Awf are one nation with the Muslims; the Jews
have their religion and the Muslims have theirs…" (The Constitution
of Madina, http://www.islamic- study.org/jews-prophet- p.-2.htm)
Article 16 of the treaty reads: "The Jew who follows us is surely
entitled to our support and the same equal rights as any one of us.
He shall not be wronged nor his enemy be assisted." (The
Constitution of Madina, http://www.islamic- study.org/jews-prophet-
p.-2.htm)
The Prophet's (saas) companions remained true to that article in the
treaty, even after his death, and even practiced it with regard to
Berbers, Buddhists, Brahmans and people of other beliefs.
Like all the other prophets, many events took place during the
course of Rasulullah's (saas) prophethood that manifested his
conception of democracy. Peoples of various races, religions,
languages and tribes lived together in the lands in which our
Prophet (saas) lived. It was not easy for these communities to live
together in peace and harmony and for those who wished to create
strife to be neutralized. One group could be angered and attack
another as the result of the slightest word or action. But our
Prophet's (saas) conception of justice, his just rule, represented a
source of peace and security for these communities as much as for
Muslims. During the Age of Felicity, everyone on the Arabian
Peninsula, Christians, Jews, pagans and everyone, without
distinction, was treated justly. In line with Almighty Allah's
commandment, "there is no compulsion in the religion..." our Prophet
(saas) told everyone of true religious moral values but left the
final decision up to them.

Women - Women's Scholarship: Remembering a ..

Women have had a strong presence in society since the beginning of
Islam. Khadeejah bint Khuwaylid, may Allaah be pleased with her,
wasthe first person ever to believe in the Prophet,...Women have had a
strong presence in society since the beginning of Islam. Khadeejah
bint Khuwaylid, may Allaah be pleased with her, was the first person
ever to believe in the Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam. She was
a great support for theDa'wah)Islamic propagation( until her demise in
the tenth year after theBi'thah)the beginning of the mission of the
Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, as a prophet and messenger sent
by Allaah The Almighty to convey His message(. The Prophet,sallallaahu
'alayhi wa sallam, called that year "The Year of Grief".
The first person to sacrifice her soul in the cause of Allaah The
Almighty was a woman. She was the first martyr in Islam: Sumayyah bint
Khabbaat, may Allaah be pleased with her.
The first one to emigrate in the cause of Allaah The Almighty was a
woman: Ruqayyah, may Allaah be pleased with her, the daughter of the
Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam.It is said that she and her
husband, 'Uthmaan bin 'Affaan, may Allaah be pleased with him, were
the first people to emigrate in the cause of Allaah after Prophet
Loote )Lot(, may Allaah exalt his mention. She emigrated to Abyssinia
to escape persecution in Makkah.
Muslim women did not only achieve great feats in terms of faith,
emigration and sacrifice. Rather, their achievements cover the fields
of scholarship and education as well. There were among them scholars
ofFiqh)Islamic jurisprudence(,Hadeeth)narration( andMuftis)scholars
entitled to issue religious verdicts( who were the center of
attraction for seekers of knowledge and some great and prominent
Muslim scholars. They were even consulted about publicaffairs. There
were women scholars who held assemblies of knowledge in the largest
Islamic mosques and who attracted students from all over the world.
There were some women scholars ofFiqhand narrators ofHadeethwho
traveled a great deal in pursuit of knowledge, to many of the centers
of knowledge in Egypt, Ash-Shaam)the Levant( and Al-Hijaaz)Western
Arabia( such that they became well-versed in knowledge and the
narration ofHadeeths. Many of them wrote books and contributed to
literature.
Their rooms were beacons of light
During the early stage of Islam, the Mothers of the Believers and a
number of women Companionswere the pioneers of women's education and
scholarship. The rooms ofthevirtuous Mothers of the Believers were
beacons for knowledge, culture and literature. 'Aa'ishah, may Allaah
be pleased with her, was the greatest in this regard. She was
eloquent, well-versed in genealogy and poetry. The Prophet,sallallaahu
'alayhi wa sallam, himself would listen to some of the poems that she
narrated.
In the field of narrating the PropheticHadeeths, she occupiesthe third
rank amongHadeethnarrators, for she narrated 2210Hadeeths. Some
reported citations stated that she alone was the repository of half of
the religious knowledge. Hence, the Companions used to refer to her to
find an answer for some difficult issues of knowledge andFiqh,
especially those which are relevant to the life of the
Prophet,sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam. She used to urge her questioner
not to be bashful by saying,"Ask! I am your mother."About 299 of the
Companions andtheTaabi'oon)successors of the Companions(,including 67
women, were taught by her.
Umm Salamah, may Allaah be pleased with her
Ath-Thahabi, may Allaah have mercy upon him, described her saying that
she was one of the scholars ofFiqhamong the women Companions. She
narrated manyHadeethson the authority of the Prophet,sallallaahu
'alayhi wa sallam. About 101 Companions andTaabi'oon, including 23
women, narratedHadeeths on her authority.
There were many women Companions andTaabi'oonrenowned for their
knowledge and narration ofHadeeths. The books ofHadeeth, narration and
biographies abound with the names of women who narratedHadeeths and on
whose authorityHadeeths were narrated; such as Asmaa' bint Abu Bakr,
Asmaa' bint 'Umays, Juwayriyah bint Al-Haarith, Hafsahbint 'Umar and
Zaynab bint Jahsh,may Allaah be pleased with them all.
Producing scholars
Great writers of biographies did not overlook the biographies of
Muslim women especially in the field of narratingHadeeth. Muhammad ibn
Sa'd, may Allaah have mercy upon him, mentionedmany of the female
Companions andTaabi'oonwho narratedHadeeths in his
bookAt-Tabaqaat-ul-Kubra. In his bookAsad Al-Ghaabah, Ibn Al-Atheer,
may Allaah have mercy upon him, specified one whole volume for the
biographies of women. InTaqreeb At-Tahtheeb,Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalaani,
may Allaah have mercy upon him, mentioned the names of 824 women who
were known for narratingHadeeths at the beginning of the
thirdHijricentury.
Women participated in raising and bringing up great scholars. The
celebrated scholar ofHadeethand historian, Al-Khateeb Al-Baghdaadi,
may Allaah have mercy upon him, the compiler ofTaareekh Baghdadstudied
under Taahirah bint Ahmad ibn Yoosuf At-Tanookhiyyah, may Allaah
havemercy upon her, )d. 436 A.H.(. She was a scholar ofFiqhandHadeeth.
Amat Al-Waahid bint Al-Husayn ibn Ismaa'eel, may Allaah have mercy
upon her, )d. 377 A.H.( was among the most knowledgeable scholars
about the Shaafi'i schoolofFiqh. She was well-acquainted with the
knowledge of distributing the shares of inheritance, mathematics and
Arabic grammar )Nahw(. She used to issueFatwas )religious verdicts(
and her narrations ofHadeethwere written down by her students.
Jaleelah bint 'Ali ibn Al-Hasan Ash-Shajari, may Allaah have mercy
upon her, lived in the fifth century ofHijrah. She traveled seeking
the knowledge ofHadeethin Iraq and Ash-Shaam. Some of the great
scholars; such as As-Sam'aani, may Allaah have mercy upon him, studied
under her. She used to teach Quran to the children.
Zaynab bint Makki ibn 'Ali ibn Kaamil Al-Harraani, may Allaah have
mercy upon her, )d. 688 A.H.( was among the female scholars who spent
their whole life seeking the knowledge ofHadeethand narrating it.
Students gathered at the door of her home at foot of the Mount
Qasiyoun in the city of Damascus. They heardHadeeths from her and read
before her many books.
Zaynab bint Yahya ibn Al-'Izz ibn 'Abdul-Salaam, may Allaah have mercy
upon her, )d. 735 A.H.( was the only person to narrate the Hadeeths
ofAl-Mu'jam As-Sagheerthrough an uninterrupted chain of narrators. The
celebrated Muslim historian, Shams Ad-Deen Ath-Thahabi, may Allaah
have mercy upon him, said about her that there was goodness in her,
love of worship and of narrating theHadeeths. Many parts
ofHadeethcompilations were read before her on the day of her demise.
Zaynab bint Ahmad ibn 'Umar Ad-Dimishqiyyah, may Allaah havemercy upon
her, )d. 722( was among the remarkable narrators ofHadeeth, such that
many students headed for her in pursuit of knowledge.
Female scholars earning their living by sewing
The great traveler Ibn Battootah mentioned that he visited Al-Masjid
Al-Umawi in Damascus and heardHadeeths from some of the female
scholars ofHadeethin that age; such as Zaynab bint Ahmad ibn
'Abdul-Raheem, may Allaah have mercy upon her. She was well-versed in
knowledge andHadeeth. 'Aa'ishah bint Muhammad ibn Al-Muslim
Al-Harraaniyyah, may Allaah have mercy upon her, held a session for
teaching knowledge at theMasjid. She used to earn her living by
sewing. Ibn Battootah read before her some books.
Some women, who were narrators ofHadeeth, were the only persons to
narrate certain versions ofHadeeths; such as Zaynab bint Sulaymaan ibn
Ibraaheem, may Allaah have mercy upon her, )d. 705 A.H.(.
Taqiyy-ud-Deen As-Subki was one of her students.
Some female scholars in the field of narratingHadeeths
gaveIjaazah)licence( to a number of great scholars. Zaynab bint
'Abdullaah ibn 'Abdul-Haleem ibn Taymiyyah, may Allaah have mercy upon
her, )d. 725 A.H.( gaveIjaazahto Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalaani, may Allaah
have mercy upon him.He also narrated on the authority 'Aa'ishah bint
Muhammad ibn 'Abdul-Haadi, may Allaah have mercy upon her. She had a
sound uninterrupted chain of narrators and many people narrated on
herauthority. She never prevented anyone from listening to theHadeeths
from her and she was kind. She narratedHadeeths on the authority of
two female narrators: Sitt Al-Fuqahaa' bint Al-Waasiti and Zaynab bint
Al-Kamaal, may Allaah have mercyupon them.
In his book,Al-Mu'jam Al-Mu'assas lil-Mu'jam Al-Mufahras, Ibn Hajar,
may Allaah have mercy upon him, mentioned many of the women teachers
under whom he studied,and those who learned with him under the
sameShaykhs)teachers(. He described one of them
asMusannifah)compiler(; she was 'Aa'ishah bint
'AbdullaahAl-Halabiyyah, may Allaah have mercy upon her.
Imaam Ath-Thahabi, may Allaah have mercy upon him, also mentioned many
of his women teachers in his book,Mu'jam Shuyookh Ath-Thahabi.
Women played a prominent role in teaching and raising the great
scholar ofFiqh,Ibn Hazm Al-Andalusi, may Allaah have mercy upon him.
They taught him the Noble Quran, reading, writing, poetry and he
remained under their care until the age of puberty. He related his
experience, saying, "I was brought up by women and I did not know
other than them or sit with men until I reached the age of my youth.
They taught me the Quran and many poems. They taught me writing."This
upbringing and education had a great effect on his taste and
personality.
Qualified forFatwaand wife of a scholar ofFiqh
The respected scholar, Faatimah bint Muhammad ibn Ahmad As-Samarqandi,
may Allaah have mercy upon her, assumed a high rank in the fields
ofFiqhandFatwa. She used to teach and compiled many books. The just
king, Noor Ad-Deen Mahmood, used to consult her on some domestic
affairs of the state and some issues that were related toFiqh. Her
husband, the renownedscholar ofFiqh, Al-Kaasaani, may Allaah have
mercy upon him, the author ofAl-Badaai,'used to listen to her
corrections when he fell short to reach the right opinion. She used to
issueFatwas and her husband used to respect herFatwas. The
issuedFatwaused to be signed in her name, and that of her father or
husband. When her father died, she and her husband used to
signtheFatwabecause of the broad and reliable scope of her knowledge.
In his large encyclopedia,Adh-Dhaw' Al-Laami' li-Ahl il-Qarn
At-Taasi', As-Sakhaawi, may Allaah have mercy upon him, mentioned the
biographies of more than 1070 women who were prominent in that
century; most of them were scholars ofFiqhand narrators ofHadeeth.
The encyclopedic scholar, Jalaal ud-Deen As-Suyooti, may Allaah have
mercy upon him, said his women teachers played a prominent role in his
acquiring knowledge. He learned from Umm Haani' bint Al-Hooreeni, may
Allaah have mercy upon her. He called her 'Al-Musnad'; she was also a
scholar ofNahw)Arabic grammar( and he put her biography among the
scholars ofNahwin his bookBughyat Al-Wu'aah fee Akhbaar An-Nuhaah. He
also learned from Umm Al-Fadhl bint Muhammad Al-Maqdisi, Khadeejah
bint Abu Al-Hasan Al-Mulaqqin, Nashwaan bint 'Abdullaah Al-Kanaani,
Haajarbint Muhammad Al-Misriyyah, Amat Al-Khaaliq bint 'Abdul-Lateef
Al-'Uqbi and many other female scholars, may Allaah have mercy upon
them.
Some of these female scholars assumed charge of some centers of
knowledge such as Zayn Al-'Arab bint 'Abdul-Rahmaan ibn 'Umar, may
Allaah have mercy upon her, )d. 704 A.H.(. She assumed charge of
Ribaat As-Saqlaatooni and then Ribaat Al-Haramayn.
The women Muslim scholars did not stop at imparting knowledgeand
teaching during times of peace and welfare. Rather, she played a
prominent academic role during the hardest times of crises. When the
forts of Islam fell in Andalusia and the Muslims were forced to become
Christiansand there were the worst ever Inquisitions and torture
against Muslims; some Muslims had to show that they were Christians
and practiced Islam in secrecy. Despite coercive Spanish policies,
Muslims continued their pursuit of knowledge. There were two women
scholars who were the highest referential authorities forMuslims in
the knowledge ofSharee'ah)Islamic legislation(. They taught many
Muslim scholars who bore the flag of Islam for years. Those two women
were Muslimah Abdah and Muslimah Ablah. The Morisco scholar ofFiqh'the
Young Man from Arévalo' )Mancebo de Arevalo( compiled many books
ofTafseer)exegesis( andSunnah)tradition( in the Aljamiado language
which was invented by Muslims there.
To conclude, Muslim women had a prominent presence in the Islamic
scholarly society. They used to learn, teach and travel seeking
knowledge. They were sought by knowledge seekers, compiled books,
issuedFatwas and were consulted on public affairs. Women were not
confined to their homes or restricted to certain professions. They had
a broad field of activity and achievement under the aegis of the true
spirit of IslamicSharee'ahwhich protected their chastity and modesty
while enabling them to achieve great feats of scholarship.