Dua Qunut

Allah hum mahdinee feeman hadayta,
Wa 'afinee feeman 'afayta,
wata wal-lane feeman twal-layta
wa barik lee feema a'taita,
waqinee shar-ra ma qadayta,
fa-innaka taqdee wala yuqda 'alayk,
innahu laa Yazil-lu man walayt,
wala ya'iz-zu man 'adaita,
tabarakta rabbana wata 'alaita,
nastaghfiruka wanatubu ilayka,
Wa sal-lal lahu alan-nabee.
Translation:
Oh Allah, make me among those whom You have guided,
and make me among those whom You have saved, and make
me among those whom You have chosen, and bless whatever
you have given me, and protect me from the evil which you havedecreed;
verily, You decide the things and nobody can decide against You; and
none whom You have committed to Your care shall be humiliated and none
whom You have taken as an enemy shall taste glory. You are blessed,
our Lord, and Exalted, we ask for Your forgiveness and turn to You.
Peace and mercy of Allah be upon the Prophet.

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The history of 'Aashooraa'

Muslims must fear Allaah and take lessons from what He has told us in
the Noble Quran regarding the Prophets and Messengers of Allaah and
the previous nations.
Allaah Says (what means): "There was certainly in their stories a
lesson for those of understanding. Never was the Quran a narration
invented, but a confirmation of what was before it and a detailed
explanation of all things and guidance and mercy for a people who
believe." [Quran 12: 111]
And among the stories that Allaah has narrated to us in His Book is
what happened in Allaah's month, the sacred month of Muharram, and
that is the story of Prophet Moosa (Moses ) and Pharaoh, the tyrant of
Egypt. Allaah Almighty Says (what means): "We recite to you from the
news of Moosa and Pharaoh in truth for a people who believe. Indeed,
Pharaoh exalted himself in the land and made its people into factions,
oppressing a sector among them,slaughtering their [newborn] sons and
keeping their females alive. Indeed, he was of the corrupters. And We
wanted to confer favor upon those who were oppressed in the land and
make them leaders and make them inheritors. And establish them in the
land and show Pharaoh and (his minister) Haman and their soldiers
throughthem that which they had feared." [Quran 28: 3-6]
Pharaoh dominated the nation ofIsrael and enslaved them, killing their
newborn sons but letting their females live. The reason he committed
this criminal act was the fear of the truth coming out from one of
those newborn males. The nation of Israel used to know, according to
what cameto them from Prophet Ibraaheem(Abraham ), that someone from
his lineage would destroy the king of Egypt. These glad tidings were
famous among them; and the news of it was made known to Pharaoh.
Pharaoh ordered his soldiers to kill all newborn boys of the nation of
Israel; in order to secure himself from destruction.
However, all of the precautions that he made were not enough to
protect him from what Allaah wanted, which was for this newborn boy to
be raised in the house of Pharaoh himself. The Will of Allaah cannot
be stopped by any precautions and His Abilityconquers anything. So,
Allaah chose for the Prophet Moosa to be born safely, to be saved from
being killed, and also to be raisedin Pharaoh's own home under the
protection of Allaah until he was an adult.
Later, Moosa accidentally killed a person from Pharaoh's people by
mistake. Moosa was afraid that he would be captured and be killed for
this, sohe fled to the land of Madyan and abided there for some time.
He married there and then returned to Egypt. On the way back, Allaah
talked to him (by revelation) and told him he was aProphet and the
Messenger to Pharaoh. Allaah told him many signs by which he will be
known as the prophet of Allaah and they would show that he was a true
prophet.
Moosa went to Pharaoh and showed him the signs of Allaah but Pharaoh
was arrogant and stubborn. Allaah Says (what means): "Has there
reached you the story of Moosa? - When his Lord called to him in the
sacred valley of Tuwa, (Saying): "Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has
transgressed. And say to him, 'Would you [be willing to] purify
yourself And let me guide you to your Lord so you would fear [Him]?'"
And he showed him the greatest sign. But Pharaoh denied and disobeyed.
Then he turned his back, striving. And he gathered [his people] and
called out. And said, "I am your most exalted lord." [Quran 79: 15-24]
Pharaoh claimed that the signs Moosa brought were only magic and that
he had magic that would overtake the magic ofMoosa. So Pharaoh
gathered magicians from his kingdom and they presented their magic.
Moosa presented what he had from the signs, which Allaah had given
him.
Allaah Says (what means): "So thetruth was established, and abolished
was what they were doing. And Pharaoh and his people were overcome
right there and became debased. And the magicians fell down in
prostration (to Allaah). They said,"We have believed in the Lord of
the worlds, The Lord of Moosa and Haaroon (Aaron)." [Quran 7: 118-122]
At that time, Pharaoh decided to try a different plan - fear, force
and retaliation. Allaah told Moosa to get every believer out of Egypt
and direct them to where Allaah would tell him. Pharaoh gathered his
army and forces, which were around one million soldiers, according to
some references, and he chased Moosa and his people, hoping to destroy
them completely. Moosa ended up at the sea, with Pharaoh and his army
behind him. The believers were afraid because the sea was in front of
them and the enemy was behind them.
Allaah Says (what means): "And when the two companies saw one another,
the companions of Moses said, "Indeed, we are to beovertaken!" [Moses]
said, "No! Indeed, with me is my Lord; He will guide me." [Quran 26:
61-62]
Whoever is close to Allaah, Allaah will never let him down or leave
him on his own. Allaah ordered Moosa to strike the sea with his staff.
Moosa did so and the sea opened up for them to cross. Allaah Says
(what means): "And We had inspired to Moosa,"Travel by night with My
servants and strike for them a dry path through the sea; you will not
fearbeing overtaken [by Pharaoh] norbe afraid [of drowning]." [Quran
20: 77]
Moosa walked across the path that opened in the sea and the last of
his people left the sea and every soldier of Pharaoh's army was inside
the path. At this time Allaah ordered the sea to collapse upon them,
drowning Pharaoh and his army.
That was the victory of the truth over falsehood. The Promise of
Allaah was true – He made the people of Moosa victorious over Pharaoh
and his army. From this story we see how the truth isvictorious,
regardless of the size or seeming power of falsehood. Falsehood has
its own limited time, but the truth is always victorious.
This story should enrich the hearts of the believers and make them
steadfast in the face of their enemies, regardless of size or seeming
power of their enemies. The believer should alsobenefit from this
story by understanding that the people offalsehood claim that they are
on the right path and are calling people to the truth. In fact, the
opposite is true - they rely on lies and deception.
This great event – the victory Allaah gave Moosa and the believers
over Pharaoh and his army - occurred on the 10th of the sacred month
of Muharram and the day is called 'Aashooraa'. It is a day that has a
great merit. Prophet Moosa fasted on that day, and ordered his people
to fast that day.
We also benefit from the story of Prophet Moosa by learning that the
Sunnah of the Prophets is to thank and praise Allaah in times of peace
and when they gain victory over their enemies. Prophet Moosa fasted on
the10th, the day on which Allaah made his followers victorious over
Pharaoh; and this is another sign that the truth will always defeat
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The virtues of Muharram and fasting on ‘Aashooraa’ - I

Allaah's sacred month of Muharram is a blessed and important month. It
is the first month of the Hijri calendar (Islamic calendar which
started with the Prophet's migration from Makkah to Madeenah) and is
one of the four sacred months concerning which Allaah Says (what
means): "Verily, the number of months with Allaah is twelve months (in
a year) so was it ordained by Allaah on the day when he created the
Heaven and the Earth; of them four are Sacred- that is the right
religion, so wrong not yourselves therein…." [Quran 9:36]
Abu Bakrah reported that the Prophet said: "The year is twelve months
of which four are sacred, the three consecutive months
ofThul-Qa'dah,Thul-Hijjah and Muharram,and Rajab which comes between
Jumaada and Sha'baan." [Al-Bukhaari]
Muharram is so called because it is a sacred (Muharram) month and to
confirm its sanctity.
Allaah's Words (which mean) " so wrong not yourselves therein…." mean:
do not wrong yourselves in these sacred months, because sin in these
months is worse than in other months.
Ibn 'Abbaas said that this phrase " so wrong not yourselves therein…."
referred to all the months, then these four were singled out and made
sacred, so that sin in these months is more serious and good deeds
bring a greater reward.
Qutaadah said concerning the same phrase that wrongdoing during the
sacred monthsis more serious and moresinful than wrongdoing at any
other time. Wrongdoing at any time is a serious matter, but Allaah
gives more weightto whichever of His commands He wills. Allaah has
chosen certain ones of His creation. He has chosen from among the
angels Messengers and from among mankind Messengers. He chose from
within speechthe remembrance of Him.He chose from upon the earth the
mosques, from among the months Ramadhaan and the sacred months, from
among the days Friday and from among the nights Laylat Al-Qadr, so
venerate that which Allaah has told us to venerate. People of
understanding and wisdom venerate the things that Allaah has told us
to venerate. [Tafseer of Ibn Katheer]
The Virtue of observing more voluntary fasts during Muharram
Abu Hurayrah said: "The Messenger of Allaah said: 'The best of fasting
after Ramadhaan is fasting Allaah's month of Muharram.' " [Muslim]
The phrase "Allaah's month", connecting the name of the month to
thename of Allaah in a genitive grammatical structure signifies the
importance of the month.Al-Qaari may Allaah have mercy on him said:
"The apparent meaning is all of the month of Muharram." But it was
proven that the Prophet never fasted any whole month apart from
Ramadhaan, so this Hadeeth (Prophetic narration) is probably meant to
encourage increasing one's fasting during Muharram, without meaning
that one should fast the entiremonth.
It was reported that the Prophet used to fast more in Sha'baan. It is
likely that the virtue of Muharram was not revealed to him until the
end of his life, before he was able to fast during this month.
Allaah chooses whatever times and places He wills
Al-'Izz Ibn 'Abd As-Salaam said: "Times and places may be given
preferred status in two ways, either temporal or religious/spiritual.
With regard to the latter, this is because Allaah bestowsHis
generosity on His slaves at those times or inthose places by giving a
greater reward for deedsdone, such as giving a greater reward for
fasting in Ramadhaan than for fasting at all other times, and also on
the day of 'Aashooraa', the virtue of which is dueto Allaah's
generosity andkindness towards His slaves on that day…"
'Aashooraa' in history
Ibn 'Abbaas said: "The Prophet came to Madeenah and found theJews
fasting on the day of 'Aashooraa'. He said: 'What is this?' They
(Jews) said: 'This is a righteous day, it is the day when Allaah saved
the Children of Israel from their enemies, so Moosa (Moses ) fasted on
this day.' He said: 'We have more right to Moosa than you,' so he
fasted on that day and commanded [the Muslims] to fast on that day."
[Al-Bukhaari]
The practice of fasting on'Aashooraa' was known even in the days of
Jaahiliyyah (pre-Islamic period), before the Prophet's mission. It was
reported that 'Aa'ishah said: "The people of Jaahiliyyah used to fast
on that day…"
Al-Qurtubi may Allaah have mercy on him said: "Perhaps Quraysh used
tofast on that day on the basis of some past law, such as that of
Ibraaheem (Abraham )."
It was also reported that the Prophet used to fast on 'Aashooraa' in
Makkah, before he migrated to Madeenah. When he migrated to Madeenah,
he found the Jews celebrating this day,so he asked them why, and they
replied as described in the Hadeeth quoted above. He commanded the
Muslims to be different from the Jews, who took it as a festival.
Apparently the motive forcommanding the Muslimsto fast on this day was
the desire to be different from the Jews, so that theMuslims would
fast when the Jews did not, becausepeople do not fast on a day of
celebration.
Fasting on 'Aashooraa' was a gradual step in the process of
introducing fasting as a prescribed obligation in Islam. Fasting
appeared in three forms. When the Messenger of Allaah came to
Madeenah, he told the Muslims to fast on three days of every month and
on the day of 'Aashooraa', then Allaah made fasting obligatory in the
verse (which means): " O you who havebelieved, decreed upon you is
fasting …" [Quran 2:183]
The obligation was transferred from the fast of 'Aashooraa' to the
fast of Ramadhaan, and this isone of the proofs in the field of Usool
Al-Fiqh (Judicial fundamentals) that it is possible to abrogate a
lighter duty in favour of a heavier duty.
The virtues of fasting 'Aashooraa'
Ibn 'Abbaas, , said: "I never saw the Messenger of Allaah so keen to
fast any day and give it priority over any other than this day, the
day of 'Aashooraa', and this month, meaning Ramadhaan." [Al-Bukhaari]
The meaning of his beingkeen was that he intended to fast on that day
in the hope of earning the reward for doing so.
The Prophet said: "For fasting the day of 'Aashooraa', I hope that
Allaah will accept it as expiation for the year that went before."
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The Relationship between the Jinns and Humans - II

5- Causing diseases (especially theplague) to the humans: Abu Moosa
Al-Ash'ari reported that the Prophet said, "The end of my Ummah would
come through stabbing and Taa'oon." They said, "O messenger of Allaah!
We know stabbing, but what is the Taa'oon?" He said, "Taa'oon is the
piercing of your enemies from among the Jinn, and, for you, both of
them are martyrdom." [Ahmad]
Ibn Al-Atheer said:
Piercing is like stabbing that is not deep . As for the Taa'oon
(pestilence), Avicenna described itas a poisonous substance that
causes lethal tumors that infect the soft areas of the body,
mostlyunder the armpits, behind the ear or near the tip of the nose.
It is caused by bad blood that is rotten and corrupt. Its
symptomsinclude vomiting, nausea, fainting and palpitation. You maysay
that the Prophet said thatTaa'oon is caused by the piercing of the
Jinn, and this apparently contradicts the explanation of doctors.
However, I would confirm that the Prophet has told the truth, and
doctors spokeabout Taa'oon according to their rules and within the
limits of their knowledge. They did not mention the piercing of the
Jinns,because this is a supernatural phenomenon. Nevertheless, the
symptoms that the doctors have mentioned may happen to those who
become infected with Taa'oon as a result of the piercing of the Jinns.
This opinionis supported by the fact that plague usually occurs in the
best seasons and in the areas that have the best weather, air, and
water. If Taa'oon were caused by bad air, then it would have infected
most people and animals as well. ['Umdat Al-Qaari Sharh Saheeh
Al-Bukhaari by Al-'Ayni]
6- Seeing the 'Awrah of the humans:
'Ali ibn Abi Taalib reported that the Prophet said, "The screen
between the eyes of Jinn and the 'Awrahs of the members of my Ummah if
one of them enters the bathroom is to say: Bismillaah (In the Name of
Allaah)." [At-Tirmithi]
Anas reported that the Prophet said, "Whenever the Prophet entered the
lavatory, he used to say, "Allaahumma innia'uthu bika min al-khubuthi
wal khaba'ith i.e. O Allaah, I seek Refuge with You from male and
female devils)." [Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
Al-Munaawi said in Faydh Al-Qadeer:
This shield protects the believer from this enemy, which means that
one must never forget it, because the Jinns mix with the humans all
the time. So, if the human wanted to deprive the Jinn from sharing
anything with him, then he should say "Bismillaah (In the Name of
Allaah)". That is because the Name of Allaah The Almighty seals all
the provisions of the son of Adam, and it is impossible for the Jinns
to remove this seal.
These were some forms of harmsthat the Jinns can inflict upon
thehumans to hurt or mislead them.However, these prohibited acts are
committed only by the deviant Jinns and the devils, because the
believing Jinns are asrighteous and pious as the human believers are.
Allaah The Almighty Says (what means): {Andamong us are the righteous,
and among us are [others] not so; wewere [of] divided ways.} [Quran
72:11]
The Muslim must know that the only protection that he has against the
evils of the devils is the remembrance of Allaah The Almighty (Thikr),
which is the stronghold of all believers.
Prophet Yahya (John) said to his people, "…I command you to always
remember Allaah The Exalted. The example of this deedis that of a man
whom the enemy is tirelessly pursuing. He takes refuge in a fortified
fort. When the servant remembers Allaah The Almighty, he will be
resorting to the most fortified refuge from the devil." [Ahmad]
Ibn Abu Ad-Dunya reported that Qays ibn Al-Hajjaaj said, "My devil
said to me 'I entered your body while I was as strong as a camel, but
today I am as weak as a sparrow.' I asked him about thereason and he
said, 'You melted me through reading the Book of Allaah The
Almighty.'"
Abu Al-Ahwas reported that 'Abdullaah said, "The devil of the believer
is skinny." - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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