one's 'aqeedah (belief system)?
Praise be to Allaah.
Good attitudes - which are those that are obedience in and of
themselves or lead to obedience - are part of Islam, in fact they are
Islam. Allaah praised His Prophet Muhammad(peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) for being "on an exalted standard of character"
and Ibn 'Abbas interpretedkhuluq(translated here as "character") as
meaning Islam.
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And verily, you (O Muhammad) are on an exalted (standard of) character"
[al-Qalam 68:4]
Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: You are on an
exalted standard of religion, which is Islam. Narrated by
al-Tabaraaniin hisTafseer(12/179).
The correct view is that character cannot be separated from religion.
Al-Fayroozabaadi said in his book Basaa'ir Dhawi'l-Tamyeez (2/568): It
should be noted that religion is all character. Whoever excels over
you in character will excel over you in religious commitment. End
quote.
Undoubtedly 'aqeedah (belief) has a strong connection to one's conduct
and character, negative or positive. That is clear from a number of
things, including the following:
1 - The Muslim who believes that Allaah can hear him and see him and
knows his secrets, and that belief is very strong in him, will be
affected by this and will not do anything that a person whose belief
in these matters is weak might do.
Among the evidence for this is the following:
(a)The verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"But if you do good and keep away from evil, verily, Allaah is Ever
Well-Acquainted with what you do"
[al-Nisa' 4:128]
(b)The verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"O you who believe! Stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses to
Allaah, even though it beagainst yourselves, or your parents, or your
kin, be he rich or poor, Allaah is a Better Protector to both (than
you). So follow not the lusts (of your hearts), lestyou avoid justice;
and if you distort your witness or refuse to give it, verily, Allaah
is Ever Well-Acquainted with what you do"
[al-Nisa' 4:135]
(c)The verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"Verily, Allaah commandsthat you should render back the trusts to
those, to whom they are due; and that when you judge between men,
youjudge with justice. Verily, how excellent is the teaching which He
(Allaah) gives you! Truly, Allaah is Ever All-Hearer, All-Seer"
[al-Nisa' 4:58]
2 - The Muslim who believes in the promises and warnings of Allaah
will be motivated by thatbelief to do that which isbeloved to Allaah,
and tokeep away from everything that is hated by Him.
It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of Allaah(peace
and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "The most perfect of the
believers in faith is the one who is best in attitude." Narrated by
al-Tirmidhi (1162) and he said: it is hasan saheeh. Also narrated by
Abu Dawood (4682).
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
It is well known that the most beloved of His creation to Him are the
believers, and if the most perfect of them in faith are those who are
best in attitude, then themost beloved to him are those who are best
in attitude, andkhuluq(character, attitude) is religion as Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):"And verily, you (O Muhammad) are on
an exalted (standard of) character" [al-Qalam 68:4]. Ibn 'Abbaas said:
On a high standard of religion. It was also interpreted thus by
Sufyaan ibn 'Uyaynah, Ahmad ibn Hanbal and others, as we have
explained elsewhere.Al-Istiqaamah(p. 442).
Al-Mubaarakfoori (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: He said, "The
most perfect of the believers in faith is the one who is best in
attitude" because perfection of faith implies a good characterand good
treatment towards all people.
Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi(4/273).
3 - Strength of faith motivates one to do righteous deeds, and
prevents one from indulging in sin.
This is indicated by the following:
(a)It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "No adulterer is a believer at
the time when he is committing adultery; no thief is a believer at the
time when he is stealing;no drinker of wine is a believer at the time
when he is drinking it." Narrated by al-Bukhaari (2334) and Muslim
(57).
(b)It was narrated from Abu Shurayh that the Prophet(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "By Allaah he does not believe,
by Allaah he does not believe, by Allaah he does not believe." It was
said: Who, O Messenger of Allaah? He said: "The onefrom whose harm his
neighbour is not safe." Narrated by al-Bukhaari (5670).
(c)It was narrated from 'Abd-Allaah ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of
Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) passed by an Ansaari
man who was exhorting his brother to be modest. The Messenger of
Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Let him be,
for modesty is part of faith."Narrated by al-Bukhaari (24) and Muslim
(36).
Maalik ibn Dinar (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: Faith starts in
the heart weak and feeble like a plant. If its owner takes care of it
and nourishes it with beneficial knowledge and righteous deeds, and
keeps away from it weeds and things that will make it weak, then soon
it will grow and increase and will develop roots and branches, and
will bear fruit and provide shade endlessly, until it becomes like a
mountain. But if its owner neglects it and does not take care of it, a
goat will come and eatit, or a child will come and take it, and the
weeds will grow and overshadow it and destroy it. The same applies to
faith.
Khaythamah ibn 'Abd al-Rahmaan said: Faith grows strong in fertile
soil and grows weak in arid soil. Its fertile soil is righteous deeds
and its arid soil is sin and disobedience. Quoted byIbn Taymiyah
inal-Eemaan, p. 213.
4 - By the will and decree of Allaah, faith prevents many bad
attitudes and sins against which Islam issues stern warnings, such as
getting angry, rending one's garment, tearing out one's hair and
wailing. Faith also calls a person to acquire the best of attitudes,
such as patience, acceptance and seeking reward. It was narrated that
Suhayb al-Roomi (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger
of Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "How
wonderful is the situation of the believer, for all his affairs are
good. If something good happens to him, he givesthanks for it and that
is good for him; if something bad happens to him, he bears it with
patience, and that is good for him. This does not apply to anyone but
the believer." Narrated by Muslim (2999).
InSunan Abi Dawood(4700) it says: 'Ubaadah ibn al-Saamit said to his
son: You will never taste the reality of faith until you understand
that whatever befalls you would never have missed you, and whatever
misses you would never have befallen you. I heard the Messenger of
Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say: "The first
thing that Allaah created was the Pen, and he said to it: 'Write.'
It said: 'O Lord, what should I write?'
He said: 'Write the decrees of all things until the Hour begins.'"
O my son, I heard the Messenger of Allaah(peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) say: "Whoever dies believing in something other
than this does not belong to me." Classed as saheeh (authentic) by
al-Albaani.
5 - Islam urges us to do agreat deal of good deeds, confirming their
connection to belief in Allaah and the Last Day, and it forbids sins
and deeds that incur punishment by reminding us of belief inAllaah and
the Last Day.
This is indicated by the following:
(a)It was narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The Messenger of
Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Whoever
believes in Allaah and the Last Day, let him honour his neighbour;
whoever believes in Allaah and the Last Day, let him honour his guest;
whoever believes in Allaah and the Last Day, let him speak good or
else remain silent." Narrated by al-Bukhaari (5672) and Muslim (47).
(b)It was narrated from 'Abd-Allah ibn 'Umar thatthe Prophet(peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "It is notpermissible for a
womanwho believes in Allaah and the Last Day to travel for a distance
of three nights, unless she has a mahram (close male relative whom she
can never marry) with her." Narrated by al-Bukhaari (1036)and Muslim
(1338).
(c)It was narrated that Umm Habeebah said: I heard the Messenger of
Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say: "It is not
permissible for a womenwho believes in Allaah and the Last Day to
mourn for more than three days for anyone who dies, except for a
husband, four months and ten days." Narrated by al-Bukhaari (1221) and
Muslim (1486).
6 -The Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) explained in
his Sunnah (propheticteachings) that false belief, such as
hypocrisy,leads to bad attitudes and bad deeds.
It was narrated from AbuHurayrah that the Prophet(peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said: "The signs of the hypocrite are three:
when he speaks he lies, when he makes a promise he breaks it, and when
he isentrusted with something he betrays that trust." Narrated by
al-Bukhaari (33) and Muslim (59).
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:Those
who go against the people of hadeeth (ahl al-sunnah-followers of the
Prophet) are those who are likely to have bad deeds, either because of
corrupt beliefs and hypocrisy, or because of a sickness in the heart
and weakness of faith. Among them arethose who neglect obligatory
duties, transgress the limits, take rights and duties lightly and are
hard hearted, as is clear to everyone. Most of their Shaykhs are
accused of major sins even if there are among them some who are known
for asceticism and worship. The asceticism and worship of some of the
common folk of Ahl al-Sunnah are better than what they do.
It is well known that knowledge is the basis of action, and sound
roots produce sound branches. A man does not do evil actions except
for two reasons, either need or ignorance. The one who is aware of the
abhorrence of a thing that he has no need of will not do it, unless
his whims and desires have overpowered his reason and led him to
commit sin, which is another matter altogether.Majmoo'
al-Fataawa(4/53).
We ask Allaah to set all our affairs straight and to guide us to the
best ofwords, deeds and attitudes.
And Allaah knows best.
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