heart will enter Hell, and that the one who has an atom's weight of
arrogance in his heart will enter Paradise. Is this true?
-
Praise be to Allah.
What is indicated by the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah, and the
consensus of the early generations of this ummah is that no one who
has an atom's weight of faith in his heart will abide in Hell for
eternity. If a Muslim who was a sinner died without repenting from his
sin, then his case will be decided by Allah: if He wills He will
pardon him, and if He wills He will punish him, but he will not abide
in Hell forever in any case.
Al-Bukhaari (44) and Muslim (193) narrated from Anas that the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever says Laa
ilaaha ill-Allah and has in his heart goodness the weight of a grain
of barley will be brought out of Hell, then whoever says Laa ilaaha
ill-Allah and has in his heart goodness the weight of a grain of wheat
will be brought out of Hell, then whoever says Laa ilaaha ill-Allah
and has in his heart goodness the weight of an atom (or a small ant)
will be brought out of Hell."
This idea is repeated in other hadeeths, the wording of which is similar.
With regard to your saying that no one who has an atom's weight of
faith in his heart will enter Hell, this is also proven, but some of
the scholars interpret it as meaning that such a one will not enter it
as the disbelievers do, i.e., he will not abide therein for eternity,
although he will may enter it. Thus this hadeeth may be reconciled
with the many texts that say that some of the sinners among the
believers will enter Hell even though they have faith in their hearts,
then they will be brought out by means of intercession and so on.
At-Tirmidhi (1999), Abu Dawood (4091) and Ibn Maajah (59) narrated
from 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ood that the Prophet (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him) said: "No one will enter Paradise in whose heart is
an atom's weight of arrogance and no one will enter Hell in whose
heart is an atom's weight of faith." A man said: What if I like my
clothes to look nice and my shoes to look nice? He said: "Verily Allah
loves beauty; rather arrogance means rejecting the truth and looking
down on people."
Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh at-Tirmidhi.
Imam at-Tirmidhi (may Allah have mercy on him) said, after quoting
this hadeeth: Some of the scholars said, commenting on this hadeeth,
that no one who has an atom's weight of faith in his heart will enter
Hell; the only meaning is that they will not abide in the Fire
forever. This was narrated from Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri from the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) who said: "Everyone in
whose heart there is an atom's weight of faith will be brought out of
Hell." More than one of the Taabi'een interpreted the verse
(interpretation of the meaning), "Our Lord! Verily, whomever You admit
to the Fire, indeed, You have disgraced him" [Aal 'Imraan 3:192] as
meaning: whomever You cause to abide forever in the Fire, indeed, You
have disgraced him. End quote.
With regard to the second sentence, in which you say, "that the one
who has an atom's weight of arrogance in his heart will not enter
Paradise", this is also proven, as in the hadeeth quoted above. It was
quoted by Muslim (91), with this sentence only, from 'Abdullah ibn
Mas'ood from the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
who said: "No one will enter Paradise in whose heart is an atom's
weight of arrogance." A man said: What if a man likes his clothes to
look nice and his shoes to look nice? He said: "Verily Allah is
Beautiful and loves beauty; arrogance means rejecting the truth and
looking down on people."
What this hadeeth means is that no one will enter Paradise without
being exposed to the possibility of requital or punishment; he may be
punished or he may be pardoned, unlike the obedient believer who is
free of this major sin, who will enter Paradise without being exposed
to the possibility of entering Hell.
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said inSharh Muslim: Rather
the apparent meaning is that which was favoured by al-Qaadi 'Iyaad and
other scholars, which is that he will not enter Paradise without
bringing him to account and punishing him if He wills, or He may let
him off. Rather it is inevitable that all of those who affirm the
Oneness of Allah will enter Paradise, either initially or later on,
after some of those who committed major sins and died whilst
persisting in them have been punished. And it was said that he will
not enter Paradise with the pious in the first group to enter.
End quote.
To sum up:
What you asked about is the text of one or two saheeh hadeeths, the
meaning of which is as we have said. It is not correct for anyone to
imagine that it is impossible for the one who has an atom's weight of
faith in his heart to enter Hell no matter what major sins he has
committed, and he should not imagine that it is impossible for the
Muslim in whose heart there is an atom's weight of arrogance to enter
Paradise, no matter how great his faith.
Two groups of people did not understand these texts corectly, the
Khaarijis and the Murji'ah. The Khaarijis focused only on the texts
that contain the warning, such as the second hadeeth, and the Mujri'ah
focused only on the texts that contain the promise, such as the first
hadeeth. But Allah guided Ahl as-Sunnah wa'l-Jamaa'ah to the correct
view, which reconciles between the texts.
And Allah knows best.
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