WHEN YE REACH EVENTIDE AND WHEN YE RISE IN THE MORNING;" 18 "YEA,TO
HIM BE PRAISE, IN THE HEAVENS AND ON EARTH; AND IN THE LATE AFTERNOON
AND WHEN THE DAY BEGINS TO DECLINE." These verses only mention four
prayers,but yet Muslims pray five times a day (plus Sunnah). Why does
it not state the fifth prayer? PS. I'am a practicig Muslim (Inshallah)
and I'am in no way trying to prove the Qur'an wrong.
Praise be to Allaah.
In the Tafseer of this aayah, it is reported that Ibn 'Abbaas (may
Allaah be pleased with him) said: "The five daily prayers are
(mentioned) in the Qur'aan." He was asked, "Where?" He said, "Allaah
says (interpretation of the meaning):'So glorify Allaah when you come
up to the evening'is maghrib and 'isha';'and when you enter the
morning'is fajr; 'in the afternoon'is 'asr; and'the time when the day
begins to decline'is zuhr." Other mufassireen, such as al-Dahhaak and
Sa'eed ibn Jubayr said the same thing.
Some of the mufassireen said that these aayat mention only four of the
prayers; 'isha' is not mentioned here, but it is mentioned in Soorat
Hood, where Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):"… and in some
hours of the night…" [Hood 11:114]
Most of the mufassireen are of the first opinion. Al-Nahhaas (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said: "The scholars of Tafseer say that the
aayah (interpretation of the meaning):'So glorify Allaah when you come
up to the evening and when you enter the morning…' [al-Room
30:17]refers to the prayers."
Imaam al-Jassaas (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: "Allaah says
(interpretation of the meaning):'… The prayer is enjoined on the
believers at fixed times [mawqootan].' [al-Nisa' 4:103].It was
reported that 'Abd-Allaah ibn Mas'ood said: '[Mawqootanmeans that]
Salaah has an appointed time just as Hajj does.' It was reported that
Ibn 'Abbaas, Mujaahid and 'Atiyyah said [thatmawqootanmeans] 'It is
obligatory'… The word'mawqootan'means that it is obligatory at certain
times. The times are referred to in general terms in this aayah and
are explained elsewhere in the Book, without defining precisely when
those times start and end – that was explained in detail by the
Messenger of Allaah(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). What
Allaah mentioned about the times of the prayers in His Book is
(interpretation of the meaning):"Perform al-Salaah from mid-day till
the darkness of the night and recite the Qur'aan in the early dawn…"
[al-Isra' 17:78].Mujaahid reported from Ibn 'Abbaas: "'Mid-day'means
when the sun has passed its zenith for salaat al-zuhr, and'the
darkness of the night'means the beginning of the night, for salaat
al-maghrib." It was also reported from Ibn 'Umar that mid-day meant
the zenith… Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):"And perform
al-salaahat the two ends of the day and in some parts of the night"
[Hood 11:114].'Amr reported from al-Hasan that'the two ends of the
day'means fajr at the first end and zuhr and 'asr at the other;'some
parts of thenight'means maghrib and 'isha'. So according to this
opinion the aayah refers to all five prayers…. Layth reported from
al-Hakam from Abu 'Ayyaad that Ibn 'Abbaas said: "This aayah mentions
all five prayers together.'So glorify Allaah when you come up to the
evening' refers to maghrib and 'isha','and when you enter the
morning'refers to fajr,'in the afternoon'is 'asr; and'the time when
the day begins to decline'is zuhr." Something similar was also
reported from al-Hasan.
Abu Razeen reported from Ibn 'Abbaas: "'…and glorify the praises of
your Lord before the rising of the sun and before (its) setting' [Qaaf
50:39 – interpretation of the meaning]refers to the prescribed
prayers.'… and glorify the praises of your Lord before the rising of
the sun, and before its setting, and during some of the hours of the
night, and at the sides of the day,that you may become pleased with
the reward which Allaah shall give you.' [Ta-Ha 20:130 –
interpretation of the meaning]This aayah also includes the times of
the prayers. All of these aayaat mention the times of the prayers."
Ahkaam al-Qur'aanby al-Jassaas,Baab Mawaaqeet al-Salaah.
What you should also know is that the Qur'aan does not contain details
of all the rules. The Qur'aan mentions many rules, but it also tells
us that the Sunnah is a source of evidence in which many rules are
mentioned in detail that are not mentioned in the Qur'aan. Allaah says
(interpretation of the meanings):
"… and We have also sent down to you (O Muhammad) the reminder and the
advice (the Qur'aan), that you may explain clearly to men what is sent
down to them and that they may give thought." [al-Nahl 16:44]
"… and whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it…" [al-Hashr 59:7]
The Prophet(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "I have
been given the Qur'aan and something like it with it…" (Reported by
Imaam Ahmad, 16546; this is a saheeh hadeeth). Whether the rules were
narrated in the Qur'aan or in the Sunnah, all of it is true and right,
and all of it has one source, which is the wahy or revelation from the
Lord of the Worlds.
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