(du'aa') following the obligatory prayer?
Praise be to Allah.
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer, if it is always done raising the
hands, or is recited by everyone in unison, or the imam says du'aa'
and the people behind him say Ameen, is something for which there is
no basis, and it comes under the heading of innovations (bid'ah) that
are widespread nowadays. If it is free of these things, then there is
nothing wrong with it, because it is proven that the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) offered du'aa' before the
salaamat the end of the prayer and after it.
The scholars of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas were asked:
Is offering du'aa' after the obligatory prayer Sunnah? Should the
du'aa' be accompanied by raising the hands? Is raising the hands with
the imam better, or not?
They replied:
Du'aa' after the obligatory prayer is not Sunnah if that is done
raising the hands, whether that is done by the imam on his own, or the
individual worshipper on his own, or by both of them. Rather it is an
innovation (bid'ah), because that is not reported from the Prophet
(blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) or from any of his
Companions (may Allah be pleased with them). As for offering du'aa'
without that, there is nothing wrong with it, because there are some
hadeeths that speak of that. End quote.
Fataawa al-Lajnah ad-Daa'imah (7/103)
They also said: Saying du'aa' out loud following the five daily
prayers and the regular Sunnah prayers, or offering du'aa' in a
communal fashion on a regular basis is a reprehensible innovation,
because no such thing is proven in reports from the Prophet(blessings
and peace of Allah be upon him) or from his Companions (may Allah be
pleased with them).
End quote from Fataawa Islamiyyah (1/319).
See also the answer to question no. 26279
Secondly:
Concerning the prohibition on the worshipper lifting his gaze to
heaven, there is the report that was narrated by al-Bukhaari (750)
from Anas ibn Maalik (may Allah be pleased with him), who said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "What is the
matter withpeople who lift their gaze to heaven whilst praying?" And
he spoke sternly concerning that, until he said: "They should stop
that, or else their eyesight will be snatched away"
The reason for that is that lifting the gaze whilst praying is
contrary to proper focus (khushoo'), and it exposes the worshipper to
the risk of being distracted by what he sees.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allah have mercy on him)
said:Because lifting the gaze to heaven is contrary to proper focus
(khushoo'),the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
stated that it is haraam and warned against it.
End quote from al-Qawaa'id an-Nooraaniyyah, p. 46
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy upon him) said: The words
"and lifting his gaze to heaven" mean it is makrooh (disliked) to lift
one's gaze to heaven whilst praying, whether that is when one is
reciting, or when one is bowing, or when one is rising from bowing, or
at any stage in the prayer, based on both evidence and reasoning.With
regard to the evidence, that is becausethe Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) said: "People should stop lifting their
gaze to heaven whilst praying, or else their eyesight will be snatched
away." In otherwords, either they should stop or this punishment will
be inflicted on them, which is that their eyesight willbe snatched
away, and will not be given back tothem. The Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) spoke sternly concerningthis matter. …
With regard to reasoning, that is because this reflects bad etiquette
towards Allah, may He beexalted, because the worshipper is standing
before Allah, so he should observe proper etiquette before Him, and
not lift his head; rather he should be humble. Hence 'Amr ibn al-'Aas
(may Allah be pleased with him) said that before he became Muslim, he
hated the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) so much
that he wished that he could be able to kill him. But when he became
Muslim, he said: I could not look directly at him, out of awe and
respect for him, and if you askedme to describe him I would not be
able to.
Hence the most correct (scholarly) view concerning lifting the gaze to
heaven whilst praying is that it is haraam, and not merely makrooh.
End quote.
Ash-Sharh al-Mumti' (3/226).
With regard to lifting the gaze to heaven outside of prayer, there is
nothing wrong with it,because there is no evidence to suggest that it
is not allowed; rather some of the fuqaha' were of the view that
lifting the gaze is preferable.
It says in al-Mawsoo'ah al-Fiqhiyyah (8/99): The Shaafa'is stated that
when offering du'aa' (supplication) outside of prayer, it is
preferable tolift the gaze to heaven. However, al-Ghazaali said: The
one who is offering supplication should not lift his gaze to heaven.
End quote.
An-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) said in Sharh Muslim: al-Qaadi
'Iyaad said: They (the scholars) differed as to whether it is makrooh
to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' other than during the
prayer. Shurayh and others regarded it as makrooh, but the majority
regarded it as permissible. End quote.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: It is not makrooh to lift the gaze
to heaven when offeringdu'aa', because the Prophet (blessings and
peace of Allah be upon him) did that. This is the view of Maalik and
ash-Shaafa'i. But it is notmustahabb. End quote.
Al-Fataawa al-Kubra (5/338)
Al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) included a chapter in
hisSaheeh entitled: Chapter on lifting the gaze to heaven, and he
quoted the verse in which Allah, may He be exalted, says
(interpretation of the meaning): "Do they not look at the camels, how
they are created? And at the heaven, how it is raised?" [al-Ghaashiyah
88: 17, 18]. And 'Aa'ishah(may Allah be pleased with her) said: The
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) lifted his head
(andlooked) to heaven, i.e., when he died (blessings and peace of
Allah be upon him).
What al-Bukhaari (may Allah have mercy on him) meant here was to show
that it is permissible to lift the gaze to heaven, and thatthe
prohibition applies only to when one is praying. The fact that it is
permissible to lift the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is indicated by the report was narrated by Muslim (2055) about
al-Miqdaad (may Allah be pleased with him) who drank the drink of the
Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) without his
knowledge. In this report it says: then he went to the mosque and
prayed. Then he came tohis drink and uncovered it, and he did not find
anything in it. He lookedup at the sky and I said: Now he is praying
against me and I am doomed. But he said: "O Allah, feed those who have
fed me and give drink to those who have given me to drink."
Abu Dawood (3488) narrated that Ibn 'Abbaas (may Allah be pleased with
him) said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) sitting by the Corner. He looked up at the sky and
smiled, then he said: "May Allaah curse the Jews" three times.
"Allaah, may He beexalted, forbade fat to them, but they sold it and
consumed its price. When Allaah forbids a people to eat a thing He
forbids its price to them."
Classed as saheeh by an-Nawawi in al-Majmoo', and by al-Albaani in
Saheeh Abi Dawood.
To sum up: lifting the gaze to heaven when offering du'aa' outside of
prayer is permissible and there is nothing wrong with it.
And Allah knows best.
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