predestination of measurements and sustenance of everything and
everyone, according to His Knowledge and Wisdom.
Belief in the Divine Decree of Allaah is one of the pillars of faith.
The faith of a slave will be incomplete unless he believes in the
Divine Decree, whether good or bad. This belief cannot becompletely
fulfilled unless the servant of Allaah believes in four things:
1. Knowledge: The belief thatAllaah's Knowledge encompasses
everything, every matter, major or minor, and the time frame of
everything that happens in this universe. Allaah's Knowledge
encompasses all of His actions and actions takenby His creation.
Allaah, the Most Exalted, Says (what means): "And not absent from your
Lord is any [part] of an atom's weight withinthe earth or within the
heaven or[anything] smaller than that or greater but that it is in a
clear register." [Quran 10:61]
2. Pre - Recording: The belief that Allaah recorded everything in a
Tablet that He kept with Himself,called 'Al-Lawh Al-Mahfooth' (The
Preserved Tablet). Allaah, the Most Exalted, Says (what means): "Do
you not know that Allaah knows what is in the heaven and earth? Indeed
that is in a Record [i.e., Al-Lawh Al-Mahfooth]. Indeed that, for
Allaah, is easy." [Quran: 22:70]
Furthermore, Prophet Muhammad, sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, said:
"The first thing which Allaah created was the Pen. Then He ordered it
to write. The Pen asked 'What should I write?' Allaah said: 'Write
down everything that will occur until the Day of Judgment.'" [Abu
Daawood]
'Abdullaah Ibn 'Amr Ibn Al-'Aas said that he heard the Messenger of
Allaah say: "Allaah recorded the measurement of all matters pertaining
to creation fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and
earth." [Muslim]
3. The Will of Allaah: The belief that nothing, whether related to
Allaah's actions or actionstaken by His creation, canoccur without His
permission. Almighty Allaah Says (what means): "And your Lord creates
what He wills and chooses..." [Quran: 28:68] And: "…And Allaah
doeswhat He wills." [Quran: 14:27] Allaah also Says (what means): " It
is He who forms you in the wombs howeverHe wills…" [Quran: 3:6] As for
actions taken by His creation, Allaah Says (what means): "…And if
Allaah had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they
would have fought you." [Quran: 4:90] He also Says(what means): "…And
if Allaah had willed, they would nothave done so. So leave them and
that which they invent." [Quran: 6:137]
4. Creation: The belief that Allaah created all creation, all what
they possess of attributes, andall their actions. Allaah Says (what
means): " Allaahis the Creator of all things, and Heis, over all
things, Disposer of affairs." [Quran: 39:62] He also Says (what
means): "…He has created everything and determined it with [precise]
determination." [Quran: 25:2]Also, Allaah informs us that Prophet
Ibraaheem (Abraham) said to his people (what means): "Do you worship
that which you [yourselves] carve. While Allaah created you and that
which you do?" [Quran: 37:96]
Believing in Divine Decree and Predestination does not mean that
people have no power over the actions they choose to take. Sharee'ah
(the Islamic Law), as well as reality, confirm that man has a will of
his own:
As for the Sharee'ah, Allaah Says about one's own will (what means):
"…So he who wills may take to his Lord a [way of] return [by obeying
his commandments]." [Quran: 78:39] He also Says (what means): "So come
to your place of cultivation however you wish…" [Quran: 2:223]
As for one's own power over his actions, Allaah Says (what means): "So
fearAllaah as much as you are able and listen and obey…" [Quran:
64:16] He also Says (what means): "Allaah does not charge a soul
except [with that within] its capacity. It will have [the consequence
of] what [good] it has gained, and it will bear [the consequence of]
what [evil] it has earned…" [Quran: 2:286]
As for reality, every human knows that he has power and will of his
own. He uses his power and will to indulge in or avoid actions of his
choice. People distinguish between what they do by their own power and
betweenwhat they have no power over, like shivering due to illness
orextreme cold. However, the power and will of mankind is under the
control of Allaah's Will and Power. Allaah Says (what means): "…For
whoever wills among you to takea right course. And you do not will
except that Allaah wills – Lord of the worlds." [Quran: 81:28-29]. The
universe isAllaah's property and nothing happens in His Kingdom
without His Knowledge and Permission.- -e-p * - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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