the thirtieth part of the Noble Quran. Herein is its explanation
extracted from 'Tafseer Ibn Katheer', one of the most reliable books
of Tafseer )interpretation(:
Text:
In the Name of Allaah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful
1. By the racers, panting,
2. And the producers of sparks ]when[ striking.
3. And the chargers at dawn,
4. Stirring up thereby ]clouds of[ dust,
5. Arriving thereby in the center collectively,
6. Indeed mankind, to his Lord, is ungrateful.
7. And indeed, he is to that a witness.
8. And indeed he is, in love of wealth, intense.
9. But does he not know that when the contents of the graves are scattered.
10. And that within the breasts is obtained,
11. Indeed, their Lord with them, that Day, is ]fully[ Acquainted.
Explanation:
"By the racers, panting,"Allaah, the Exalted, swears by the charging
horseswhich gallop into battle in the Way of their Lord, panting and
snorting.
"And the producers of sparks ]when[ striking"that is, strike their
hooves on the rocks, making sparks fly.
"And the chargers at dawn,"that is, carry out a punitive raid at
daybreak as the Messenger of Allaahused to do; he would first discern
whether Athaan )call to prayer( is raised in a certain town or not, so
if he did not hearit, he knew the people of the town were not Muslims
and he would attack them. If he heard Athaan, it meant the people
wereMuslims and thus their lives and property were inviolate.
"Stirring up thereby ]clouds of[ dust"that is, the horses' hooves
raise clouds of dust during the heat of battle.
"Arriving thereby in the center collectively"that is, they penetrate
into the midst of the enemy forces as one. 'Ali Ibn Abi Taalibsays
that"By the racers, panting,"refers to camels, as does.' However, Ibn
'Abbaassays that it means horses. Quranic commentators have differed
as to which saying is correct, though Ibn 'Abbaas and 'Ataa'pointed
out that no riding animal pants when it is running except the horse.
Those who said that it refers to horses understood from the second
verse that the horses' hooves strike sparks on the ground, although
some said it meant the raging of the battle between the riders, the
planning or strategy of the men, the kindling of the fires when they
returned home at night or the kindling of the fires in Muzadalifah,
during Hajj )pilgrimage to Makkah(. But according to Ibn Jareerthe
first explanation is the correct one. Ibn 'Abbaas, Mujaahid and
Qataadahsaid that the third Aayah )verse( refers to the dawn attack of
men on horsebacks in the Way of Allaah, while those who said that the
first verse referred to camels explained it asmeaning the journey from
Muzdalifah to Mina during Hajj.
"Stirring up thereby ]clouds of[ dust…"All commentators are agreed
that this verse refers to the feet of the animals churning up dust,
either in Hajj, or in battle. The third verse, according to
Al-'Awfiwho reports on the authority of Ibn 'Abbaas and 'Ataa', means
penetrating into the midst of the mass of the enemy. It is possible
that what is meant is the penetration of the mass of the Muslim
fighters into the enemy horde at one time.
"Indeed mankind, to his Lord, is ungrateful."
It is to this that Allaah is swearing that man rejects the blessings
of his Lord. This explanation was the preferred one of Ibn 'Abbaas,
Mujaahid, Ibraaheem An-Nakha'i, Sa'eed ibnJubayr Ad-Dahhaak, Qataadah
andmany others. Al-Hasansaid: "He is the one who counts his
afflictions and forgets the blessings which come to him from Allaah."
"And indeed, he is to that a witness"Qataadah and Sufyaan
ath-Thawrisaid it means that Allaah is the One Who bears witness; it
is possible that "he" refers to man, as was said by Muhammad Ibn Ka'b
Al-Quradhi: That is, man is witness to the factthat he is an
ungrateful rejecter, his behavior being testimony to this, as in the
Words of Allaah )which mean(:
"It is not for the polytheists to maintain the mosques of Allaah
]while[ witnessing against themselves with disbelief."]Qur'an 9:17[
"And indeed he is, in love of wealth, intense."There are two sayings
in regard to this verse; the first, that man is passionate in his love
of wealth, and the second, that he is greedy and miserly, and both of
these are correct. Then Allaah, the Most High, refers to the
renunciation of this world's pleasures, in favor of the Hereafter and
the situationof man at that time and the terror of it.
"But does he not know that when the contents of the graves are
scattered"that is, the dead will be expelled from their graves.
"And that within the breasts is obtained"
Ibn 'Abbaas and others said that this refers to thoughts and
deedswhich man kept secret which will, at this time be revealed.
"Indeed, their Lord with them, that Day, is ]fully[ acquainted."
That is, on that Day )of Resurrection( all of creation will be
assembled along with their deeds, to receive the repayment for that
which they did, and noneshall receive an atom's weight more or less
than he deserves.
This is the end of the Tafseer )explanation( of Soorat Al-'Aadiyaat,
all praise is due to Allaah and from Him proceeds all Grace.
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