There are three broad types of injustice:
1-To be unjust towards Allaah The Almighty: The most heinous forms of
this type are disbelief, polytheism, and hypocrisy. Allaah The
Almighty Says )what means(:
·}And ]mention, O Muhammad[, when Luqmaan said to his son while he was
instructing him, "O my son, do not associate ]anything[ with Allaah.
Indeed, association ]with him[ is great injustice."{]Quran 31:13[
·}Indeed, the curse of Allaah is upon the unjust.{]Quran 11:18[
2-To be unjust towards other people: Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:
·}And the recompense of an odious deed is an odious deed the like of
it; yet whoever is clement and acts righteously, then his reward is up
to Allaah. Surely, He does not love the unjust.{]Quran 42:40[
·}The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and
tyrannize upon the earth withoutright. Those will have a painful
punishment.{]Quran 42:42[
3-To be unjust towards oneself: Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:
·}Then we caused to inherit the Book those We have chosen of Our
servants; and among them is he who wrongs himself.{]Quran 35:32[
·}He ]Moosa[ said, "My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, soforgive
me," and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the
Merciful.{]Quran 28:16[
In fact, all three types are considered as doing injustice to oneself
as one wrongs oneself when one intends to do injustice.
Ath-Thahabimaintained thatinjustice is a major sin and said that doing
injustice to others may take the form of trespassing on their
property, abusing them physically or verbally, and attacking the weak.
He mentioned the Quranic verses and PropheticHadeethsthat threaten the
unjust. Then he reported that some of the righteous predecessors
said,"Do not wrong the weak so as not to be one of the evil strong
people."In addition to this, he mentionedsome forms of injustice that
he considered to be major sins:
-Devouring the property of orphans
-Procrastination in repaying debts despite the ability to repay at the due time.
-Denying a wife her rights such as dowry, clothing and provision.
-Denying a laborer his wage or salary
-Inaccurate divisions and valuation, which are considered major sins,
according to Ibn Hajar.
The Texts of theSharee'ahDispraise Injustice
Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:
·}And those cities - We destroyedthem when they wronged, and We made
for their destruction anappointed time.{]Quran 18:59[
·} And in no way did We do injustice to them, but it is they who
were the unjust. { ]Quran 43:76[
·}Allaah does not love the unjust.{]Quran 3:57[
·}And your Lord does injustice to no one.{]Quran 18:49[
·}And your Lord is not ever unjust to ]His[ servants.{]Quran 41:46[
· } Verily the unjust are surely in perpetual torment. {]Quran 42:45[
In addition, there are many Quranic verses that speak about doing
injustice to oneself. These verses explain that this type of injustice
comes in two forms:Shirk)polytheism(, and disobeying Allaah The
Almighty.Shirkis the most heinous of sins; Allaah The Almighty Says
)what means(:}Then we caused to inherit the Book those We have chosen
of Our servants; and among them is he who wrongs himself, and among
them is he who is moderate, and among them is he who is foremost in
good deeds by permission of Allaah. That ]inheritance[ is what is the
great bounty.{]Quran 35:32[
Doing injustice to others throughaggression against their lives,
property or anything else, is dispraised in many Quranic versessuch as
the verse that reads )what means(:}The cause is onlyagainst the ones
who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those
will have a painful punishment.{]Quran 42:42[
Similarly, theHadeethsof the Prophet,, dispraise injustice:
-It was narrated on the authorityof Abu Moosa Al-Ash'arithat the
Prophet,, said:"Indeed, Allaah gives respite to the oppressor, but
when He seizes him, He does not let him escape."'Then he recited:}And
thus is the taking away of your Lord when He takes away the towns
]while[ they are unjust; surely His taking away is painful ]and[
strict.{]Quran 11:102[ ]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
-The Prophet,, said:"Protect yourselves against doing injustice, for
injustice will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection."]Muslim[
-'Aa'ishahsaid to Abu Salamah ibn 'Abdur Rahmanwho was disputing with
some people over a piece of land,"O Abu Salamah, beware of seizing
land unjustly because the Prophetsaid,'Whoever seizes unlawfully a
hand-span of land, a collar of seven lands will be around his neck ]in
the Hereafter[.'"]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
-It was narrated on the authorityof Huthayfahthat the Prophet,,
said:"Do not be blind followers and say: 'If peopledo good, we do
good, and if people do injustice, we do injustice.' Adjust yourselves;
when people do good, do good, and when they wrong, do not do
injustice."]At-Tirmithi[
-It was narrated on the authorityof 'Abdullah ibn Mas'oodthatthe
Prophet,, said:"Whenever a person is murdered,there is a share of the
burden of the crime on the son of 'Aadam ]Adam[since he was the first
to commit murder."]Al-Bukhaari and Muslim[
-It was narrated on the authorityof Abu Hurayrahthat the Prophet,, said:
Do not envy one another; do not commit Najash ]to overbid against a
rival purchaser simply to harm him with no intention ofbuying the
merchandise[; do not hate one another; do not turn your backs on one
another; do not enter into commercial transactions when others have
entered into that ]transaction[; rather, be, O slaves of Allaah,
brothers. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim; he does not do
injustice to him, he does not let him down, and he does not disdain
him. Piety is here, ]and hepointed to his chest three times[.It is
enough evil for a Muslim to disdain his brother Muslim. All of a
Muslim is inviolable for other Muslims: his blood ]life[, his property
and his honor.]Muslim[
The righteous predecessors also dispraised injustice in their sayings:
-'Ali ibn Abi Taalibsaid,"The day when the wronged will triumph over
the wrongdoer will be far severer than the day when the wrongdoer
wronged him."Mu'aawiyahwould say,"I would be terrified to wrong a
person who has none but Allaah The Exalted to seek His help against
me."
-Abu Al-'Aynaa'said,"I had some unjust enemies, and I complained about
them to Ahmad ibn Abi Daawood. I said tohim, 'They have become united
like a single hand against me!' He replied,'}The hand of Allaah is
over their hands.{]Qur'an 48:10['I said, 'They are cunning!' He
replied, '}The evil plot does not encompass except its own
people.{]Qur'an 35:43[' I said, 'They belong to a large company.'He
replied, '}How many a small company has overcome a large company by
permission of Allaah The Exalted.{]Qur'an 2:249['".
-Yoosuf ibn 'Asbaatsaid,"Whoever wishes an oppressor long life wants
Allaah The Exaltedto be disobeyed in His universe."
-Ibn Mas'oodsaid,"When thepunishment was removed from the people of
Yoonusthey allreturned the rights of others to the extent that a man
would pluck a stone out of the foundation of his house and return it
to its owner."
-Abu Thawr ibn Yazeedsaid,"Using an unlawfully acquired stone in a
building is considered the beginning of its destruction."
-A scholar said,"Had a single stone of injustice been used in building
Paradise, the House of Eternity, it would have been ruined."
-A sage said,"When you want to do injustice, remember the justice of
Allaah The Almighty that will be executed against you.When you want to
use your strength to wrong others, remember that Allaah The Exalted
has the strength to punish you. Never, be impressed by someone who
sheds blood, as his Assassin never dies."
-Yazeed ibn Haatim would say,"I fear nothing more than a person whom I
wronged while knowing that he has no supporter but Allaah The Exalted,
especially when he says, 'Allaah The Exalted is sufficient to judge
between meand you.'"
-One day, 'Ali ibn Al-Fudhayl wept, so he was asked why. He replied,"I
feel sorry for those who wronged me, because they will have nothing to
say to Allaah The Almighty as an excuse."
-While Sulaymaan ibn 'Abdul-Malik was on the pulpit, a man said to
him,"Remember the Day of Announcement!"Sulaymaan descended from the
pulpit and asked the man,"And what is the Day of Announcement?"The man
answered,"Allaah The Almighty Says )what means(:}Then an announcer
will announce between them, "The curse of Allaah be on the
unjust."{]Quran 7:44["
-Abu Ad-Dardaa'said,"Beware of the orphan's tears and the supplication
of a wronged person."
-Some scholars state that there are three types of injustice:
oUnforgivable injustice: This typerefers toShirk, from which we seek
refuge with Allaah The Exalted. Allaah The Almighty Says )what
means(:}Indeed, Allaah does not forgive association withHim, but He
forgives what is less than that for whom He wills.{]Quran 4:48[
oInjustice that cannot be waived:This type refers to doing injusticeto
the servants of Allaah The Almighty.
oForgivable Injustice: This type refers to wronging oneself.
-A man passed by a person whom Al-Hajjaaj hadcrucified, and said,"O
Allaah, your leniency with the oppressors has harmed the
oppressed."When the man slept that night he saw in a visionthat he
entered Paradise, and saw the man who had been crucified in the
highest ranks of Paradise; then he heard a caller say,"My leniency
with the oppressors has admitted the oppressed people to the highest
ranks in Paradise."
-It was said,"Whoever plunders others property, others will plunder
his property."
-It is said,"Whoever does injustice for long, loses power."
-'Umarsaid,"Beware of the supplication of an oppressed man, as it is answered."
-'Alisaid,"The previous nations were destroyed because they kept
denying people's rightsuntil this became rampant, and they spread
transgression until its rights were ransomed."
-It was said,"The most evil of all wrongdoers is the one who wrongs
some people for the benefit of others."
-Ibn Al-Jawzi said,"Injustice necessitates two sins: usurping others'
rights and defying Allaah The Exalted with disobedience. The sin of
doing injustice is more evil than other sins because it is usually
committed against the weak, who are powerless to fendfor themselves.
The cause of injustice is the darkness of the heart; a man whose heart
is lit with guidance would not commitinjustice."
-Ibn Taymiyyahsaid,"Peopleunanimously agree that the consequences of
injustice are direand that the outcomes of justice are good."He also
said that,"Allaah The Exalted grants victoryto a just state even if it
is a non-Islamic state, and lets an unjust state be defeated, even if
it is an Islamic state."
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