Fathwa, - Intention of performing the prayer on time or making up a missed prayer

Question
What is the religious ruling on making the intention of making up a
missed prayer and that ofperforming a prayer on time? Is the prayer
considered invalid if the worshipper does not differentiate between
the two intentions while performing the prayer?
Answer
All perfect praise be to Allaah, The Lord of the Worlds. I testify
that there is none worthy of worship except Allaah, and that Muhammad
isHis slave and Messenger.
Muslim scholars unanimously agreed that the intention is a condition
for the validity of the prayer. Allaah The Exalted Says (what means):
{ And they were not commanded except to worship Allaah, [being]
sincere to Him in religion, inclining to truth, and to establish
prayer and to give Zakaah. And that is the correct religion. } [Quran
98:5]
The Prophet , said: " Verily, deeds are based on intentions and an
individual is (rewarded) only according to that which he intends. "
[Al-Bukhaari and Muslim]
The place of intention is the heart and not the tongue. Uttering the
intention is considered a religious innovation.
The role of intention is todistinguish acts of worship and
differentiate between these various acts as well.Prayers in Islam are
either obligatory or voluntary. Making an intention is a prerequisite
in each obligatory prayer in particular: the worshipper should make an
intention to perform aspecific prayer; Thuhr, 'Asr or the like.
Voluntary prayers are divided into two types:
First: Specified voluntary prayers which are performed on certain
occasions such as Salatul-Kusoof (i.e. eclipse prayer), Istisqaa' or
rain-invoking prayer, Taraaweeh (i.e. voluntaryprayer in Ramadhaan),
Witr and confirmed voluntary prayers. They all require an intention
from the worshipper. For instance, if he intends to perform a
voluntary prayer for the Thuhr or Maghrib prayer.
Second: General voluntary prayers, such as night prayers, which do not
require a specific intention but only the intention of performing
prayer.
However, Muslim scholarsdiffered about making an intention while
performing obligatory prayers. Is it obligatory tomake the intention
to perform an obligatory prayer or not? Should theworshipper make an
intention to perform a prayer on time if he is praying it on time?
Should the worshipper, who is re-offering the obligatory prayer, make
the intention of re-offering the prayer or not?
The preponderant opinion among most Muslim jurists is that it is not
mandatory for the worshipper to do so. The worshipper may settle for
making an intention of performing a specific obligatory prayer. For
example, if the 'Asr prayer is due and the worshipper wants to make up
for the Thuhr prayer, which he had missed, he should make the
intention of performing the Thuhr prayer and he is not obliged to make
the intention of making up for a missed prayer. When he performs the
'Asr prayer in its due time, he should merely make the intention of
performing the 'Asr prayer and not the intention of performing it at
its specific time.
Allaah Knows best. - - ▓███▓ Translator:->
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