he is infallible? Every human is expected to makemistakes, and this is
not in itself a defect, for the Prophet said: "All the sons of Aadam
constantly commit sins, but the best of those who constantly commit
sins are those who are constantly repentant." [Ibn Maajah] The real
defect lies in insisting on making the mistake and adhering to
falsehood. The mistake becomes even graver when its doer endeavors to
justify it in order to make himselfand those around him believe that
he did not make a mistake at all.
The Definition of Justification
Justification, in the false sense, is the process of fabricating
excuses for one's behavior, thoughts or views, in order to replace the
real motives and reasons. It is the process of concealing the reality
and truth with a justification that one would accept and approve of,
without any reaction or feeling any guilt.
The Evil End of Justification
Justification is an incurable disease that leads to a tragic end,which
results in bitter consequences for the doer, as hiscontinuous
justification distracts him from correcting himself and reflecting on
his defects. Accordingly, he always thinks that he is doing well. If a
slave of Allaah The Almighty reaches this state, it becomes difficult
to reform him and he loses his self-harmony because he is living in a
state of internal psychological warfare in which he is both the
executioner and the victim. The one who suffers from this disease is a
curse on himself and others, as he is extreme in enmity and
frequentlyargues with others. At this point, he is the most detested
of creatures in the sight of Allaah The Almighty. In this respect the
Prophet said: "The most hated person in the sight of Allaah is the
extremely quarrelsome person." [Al-Bukhaari]
The Quran Vilifies such People
Such people have existed throughout history. The Quran relates to us
the stories of some of them; for instance, Allaah The Almighty Says
(what means); {Andamong them is he who says: "Permit me [to remain at
home] and do not put me to Fitnah." Unquestionably, into Fitnah they
have fallen. And indeed, Hell will encompass the disbelievers.} [Quran
9:49] Commenting on this verse, Al-Qurtubi said,
Muhammad ibn Is'haaq said: "The Messenger of Allaah saidto Al-Jadd ibn
Qays, when he wanted to set out for the Battle of Tabook: "O Jadd,
would you like to fight the yellow people [the Romans], so that you
could take female captives and servantsfrom them?" Al-Jadd replied,
"My people know that I am besotted by women, and I fear that if I see
the women of the yellow people, I would fall into Fitnah. So, do not
put me in Fitnah but permit me to remain behind, and I will support
you with my money." Thereupon, the Messenger of Allaah turned away
from him, and said: "I permit you." Just lookat this man, who, when
knowing the hardship of traveling to Tabook and the difficulty of
confronting and fighting the Romans, wanted to justify his situation
and protect himself! He therefore invented a fabricated excuse which
was his infatuation by women and his fear that he may be tempted upon
seeing them and would then be forced to leave the Muslim army
becausehe would not have the self-restraint to keep himself from them.
Shaykh-ul-Islam Ahmad ibn Taymiyyah commented on this incident,
saying, "Since enjoining good, forbidding evil, and Jihaad are some of
the tests and trials that subject a person to Fitnah, some people
began justifying their abandonment of these obligations by seeking
safety from Fitnah. Allaah The Almighty Says (what means) withregard
to the hypocrites: {And among them is he who says: "Permit me [to
remain at home] and do not put me to Fitnah." Unquestionably, into
Fitnah they have fallen. And indeed, Hell will encompass the
disbelievers.} [Quran 9:49]"
Similarly, another group of people justified their abandonment of
Jihaad by sayingthat they could not set out for Jihaad in the heat.
Therefore, Allaah The Almighty Says about them (what means): {And
[they] said: "Do not go forth in the heat." Say: "The fire of Hell is
more intensive in heat" - if they would but understand.} [Quran 9:81]
Sayyid Qutb said in this regard, "It is therefore either fighting in
the cause of Allaah in the heat for a limited period, or being cast
into Hell for a durationthat no one knows the length of but Allaah."
Does a Believer Justify Himself?
In the previous examples there were some cases which might not be
stated by those who form the cream of Muslim society. However, reality
proves that even some truthful believers might be afflicted by
justification, as AllaahThe Almighty Says (what means): {And We have
certainly diversified in this Quran for the people from every [kind
of] example; but man has ever been, most of anything, [prone to]
dispute.} [Quran 18:54] Some scholars of Tafseer (Quranic exegesis)
commented on this verse by mentioning what was narrated in Saheeh
Muslim, that 'Ali ibn Abi Taalib narrated that the Messenger of Allaah
came one night to him and his wife Faatimah and said: "Do you not
observe [late-night Tahajjud] prayer?" 'Ali replied, "O Messenger of
Allaah, indeed our souls are in the Hands of Allaah and when He wants
to awaken us, He does so." The Messenger ofAllaah set off when he said
this to him. He was slapping his hand on his thigh while going while
saying (what means): {but man has ever been, most of anything, [prone
to] dispute}. Ibn 'Aashoor said,
What the Prophet meant herewas that it would have been more
appropriate for 'Ali to praise Allaah The Almighty and thank the
Messenger of Allaah for waking him up to pray Tahajjud, be keen on
repeating this act, be pleased with the rebuke of the Prophet and not
counter these words with others in order to justify his sleeping! This
is the cause of the Prophet's astonishment at the words of 'Ali .
Some Causes of Justification
The main obstacle in justification is the absence of frankness with
one's self, as we fail to talk to ourselves about our own reality.
This is because, from a very early age, we were taught to elevate
ourselves to high moral levels and sublime traits that are often
difficult to attain. Therefore, we try to conceal our reality in a
framework of lies about oneself that were set by the methods of our
early upbringing. [Qiraa'ah fi mushkilaat at-tufoolah]
Justification might also be due toarrogance that has affected the
heart, and this results in making it difficult to apologize or
appearing to be in a state of weakness according to the thoughts of
such an arrogant person. Love and inclination to this worldly life is
another cause of justification, and perhaps this reason specifically
is what leads many people to do what Allaah The Almighty has
prohibited, and people then justify their actions with false excuses.
For instance, the person who consumes Riba (interest), claims that he
is compelled to do so; however, if one looks at his case, he would not
find him compelled at all. He might not even be in any kind of a need.
There are many similar violations of the Sharee'ah nowadays, and those
who commit such violations try to justify them.
Is There Treatment?
Undoubtedly, truthfulness with one's self is the clear and easy way in
order not to indulge in theconfusion that comes about due to
justification. Reckoning one's self for negligence and acknowledging
its mistakes protects it from a foul final stage of life and leads us
to not accumulate our mistakes. In fact, being truthful with one's
self is one of the highest and hardest degrees of truthfulness.
Let us contemplate the story of the great Companion, Ka'b ibn Maalik
when Allaah The Almighty saved him by virtue of his truthfulness. He
sat before the Prophet and said, "O Messenger of Allaah, if I had
beenin front of anyone other than youof the people of the worldly
life, Iwould have thought of an excuseto avoid his dissatisfaction.
But by Allaah, I had no excuse." Consequently, Allaah The Almighty
accepted his repentance, excused him and turned to him. On the other
hand, those who lie and invent weak and false excuses, are exposed by
Allaah The Almighty.
One of the most important means of treatment is the reading of the
biographies of the people who fell into this malady. When
justification dominated theChildren of Israa'eel, they used trickery
and various methods to violate the ruling of Allaah The Almighty and
caught fish on the Sabbath. Consequently, Allaah The Almighty
transformed them into apes and pigs. Allaah The Almighty Says (what
means): {Andyou had already known about those who transgressed among
you concerning the Sabbath, and We said to them: "Be apes, despised."}
[Quran 2:65] When one contemplates this punishment for the one who
dares to violate the limits that Allaah The Almighty has set,
undoubtedly, he will think many times before doing such an act when
knowing its evil end.
We supplicate to Allaah The Almighty to guide us to the best manners
and to ward off from usthe worst of manners, as He is the most
Gracious and Noble.
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