Is it correct to call Allaah al-Mutakallim (the One Who speaks) or
al-Baatish (the One Who seizes) because it is narrated that He does
those actions?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Praise be to Allaah, and blessings and peace be upon the Messenger of
Allaah (S) and his family and companions.
All the names of Allaah are tawqeefi, i.e., we should accept what is
narrated in the Qur'aan and Sunnah and not addor subtract anything.
Based on this, it is not correct to call Allaah by any name other than
those by which He has called Himself in His Book or those that His
Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) called Him by in
the saheeh ahaadeeth, because the human mind cannot work out the names
thatAllaah deserves, so we must stop at what is mentioned in the
texts, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And follow not (O man, i.e., say not, or do not, orwitness not) that
of which you have no knowledge. Verily, the hearing, and the sight,
and the heart of each of those ones will be questioned (by Allaah)"
[al-Isra' 17:36]
Calling Allaah by a name that He has not called Himself, or denying a
name by which he has called Himself is a transgression against the
rights of Allaah. So we should observe the proper etiquette and adhere
to that which is narrated in the texts.
With regard to words which are mentioned in the Qur'aan and Sunnah
only by way of description or information, and it is notnarrated that
Allaah is called by these names, it is not correct to call Him by
them, because some of the attributes of Allaah have to do with His
actions, and the actions of Allaah have noend, just as His words have
no end.
For example, some of theattributes of Allaah that refer to His actions
describe Him as coming, bringing, taking, withholding and seizing
etc., as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
"And your Lord comes with the angels in rows"
[al-Fajr 89:22]
"He withholds the heaven from falling on the earth except by His Leave"
[al-Hajj 22:65]
"Verily, (O Muhammad) the Seizure (punishment) of your Lord is severe
and painful"
[al-Burooj 85:12]
So we attribute these characteristics to Allaah as they are mentioned,
but we do not call Him by them (i.e., we do not make names out of
them), so we do not say that among His names are al-Jaa'i (the Comer),
al-Aati (the Comer), al-Mumsik (the Withholder) or al-Baatish (the
Seizer), etc. Rather we say that this is what He does and attribute
those actions to Him.
And Allaah knows best.
See al-Qawaa'id al-Mathla fi Sifaat-Illaahi wa Asmaa'ihi al-Husna, 13,
21, by Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him).
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