and exalted?.
Praise be to Allaah.
Al-'Adl (justice) is not narrated as one of the names of Allaah in the
Qur'aan or in any saheehhadeeth. It was narratedin a famous hadeeth
listing the names of Allaah, which was narrated by al-Tirmidhi and
others. The scholars discussed this hadeeth and regarded it as
weak,and said that this list cannot be attributed to the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him). Al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar
al-'Asqallaani (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in Fath
al-Baari(11/217): Ibn al-'Arabi said: It may be that thesenames are
added to complete the list mentioned in the hadeeth attributed to the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), and it may be
that it is a composition of some reporters, which seems more likely to
me.
Al-San'aani said in Subul al-Salaam (4/108): The scholars are agreed
that the list of names of Allaah mentioned in the hadeeth was drawn up
by some of the reporters.
But the word al-'adl (justice) is mentioned in the Qur'aan as a
description of the wordsof Allaah, such as in the verse
(interpretation of the meaning): "And the Word of your Lord has been
fulfilled in truth and in justice" [al-An'aam 6:115].
Therefore the scholars differed as to whether al-'Adl is one of the
names of Allaah, may He be exalted, and a number of them did count it
as one of His names, as Shaykh 'Abd al-Rahmaan al-Sa'di did at the end
of his Tafseer where he said, when listing the names of Allaah and
discussing their meanings: al-Hakam al-'Adl Who judges between His
slaves in this world and in the Hereafter by His justice and fairness.
End quote.
Al-Bayhaqi said in al-Asma' wa'l-Sifaat (1/198): … al-'Adl, which
appears in the report of al-Asaami mentioned above. End quote.
This was the view of a number of scholars, including al-Khattaabi, Ibn
Mandah and others.
Another group were of the view that it is not one of the names of
Allaah, for the reason wehave mentioned, which is that it is not
listed as a name of Allaah in any saheeh text. Among these scholars is
Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him), when he listed
ninety-nine names of Allaah from the Qur'aan and Sunnah in his book
al-Qawaa'id al-Muthla, but he did not mention the name al-'Adl among
them. The same was done by al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar al-'Asqallaani and
others.
But it is proven that Allaah has the attribute of being just, and He
is just in all that He does, as it is narrated in al-Bukhaari (3150)
and Muslim (1062) from 'Abd-Allaah ibn Mas'ood about the man who
objected to the Prophet's division of the booty, and he (the Messenger
of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)) said: "Who will
be just if Allaah and His Messengerare not just?"
Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allaah have mercy on him) said:
Justice is one of His attributes, so He is just inwhat He says and
what He does and what He rules.
A similar report was narrated from Mu'aadh (may Allaah be pleased with
him), that he did not sit in any gathering of dhikr but he would say:
"Allaah is Just and Fair, and those who have doubt are doomed."
Narrated by Abu Dawood (4611). It is mawqoof and was classed as saheeh
by al-Albaani.
It says in 'Awn al-Ma'bood: i.e., just judge.
And Allaah knows best.
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