practical manner of its offering and not in the spiritual sense. The
Prayer times, the supplications, the number of prostrations, bows,
etc., do not differ. The difference in the physical aspects of Prayer
arise from the fact that women's physique differs from that of men,
and follow from the commands which Allah (The Supreme) has stipulated
for themin the Holy Quran and through the Hadith of the Holy Prophet .
Most differences relate to clothing, concealment of body, posture and
concealment of voice. Prior to listing the differences in women's
mode of Prayer, we provide references from the Holy Quran and Hadith
which are the PROOFS of, and form the main bases of these differences:
A. From The Holy Quran – Regarding Concealment Of The Body
1. [Surah Noor Verse 31] And command the Muslim women to keep their
gaze low and to protect their chastity, and not to reveal their
adornment except what is apparent, and to keep the cover wrapped over
their bosoms; and not to reveal their adornment except to their own
husbands or fathers or husbands'fathers, or their sons or their
husbands' sons, or their brothersor their brothers' sons or sisters'
sons, or women of their religion, or the bondwomen they possess,or
male servants provided they do not have manliness, or such children
who do not know of women's nakedness, and not to stamp their feet on
the ground inorder that their hidden adornment be known; and O
Muslims, all of you turn in repentance together towards Allah, in the
hope of attaining success.
2. [Surah Ahzab Verse 59] O Prophet! Command your wives and your
daughters and the women of the Muslims to cover their faces with a
part of their cloaks; this is closer to their being recognised and not
being harassed; and Allah is Oft Forgiving, Most Merciful.
B. From The Holy Quran – Regarding Concealment Of Voice
3. [Surah Ahzab Verses 32 - 33] O the wives of the Prophet! You are
not like any other women - if you really fear Allah, then do not speak
softly lest the one in whose heart is a disease have anyinclination,
and speak fairly. And remain in your houses and do notunveil
yourselves like the unveiling prevalent in the times of ignorance, and
keep the prayerestablished, and pay the charity, and obey Allah and
His Noble Messenger; Allah only wills to remove all impurity from you,
O the People of the Household, and by cleansing you make you utterly
pure.
C. From The Hadith – Regarding Difference In Prayer Positions
4. Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be well pleased with him) narrates
that the Holy Prophet said, 'When a woman sits in Sajdah by putting
one thigh uponthe other (i.e. close to one another) and at the time of
Sajdah (prostration) her stomach touches her thighs and she also takes
full consideration of Hijaab , then Allah Taãla looks at her and says
to the angels, 'Bear witness that I have forgiven her.' (Baihaqi,
Kanzul Ummaal)
5. Once the Holy Prophet saw two women offering Prayer and he said,
'When you (women) make Sajdah (prostrate) then let the limbs of your
body touch one another and make them touch the ground.' Surely in this
(prostration posture) women are not similar to men.' (Masaail Abu
Dawood)
6. Wail ibn Hajar (may Allah be well pleased with him) said that the
Holy Prophet taught him to offer Prayer and he said, 'O ibn Hajar!
When you begin your Prayer then lift your hands up to your ears and
show the women that they should lift up to their chests.' (Tabarrani)
7. Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be well pleased with him) was once
asked on how women used to offer Prayer during the time of the Holy
Prophet . He replied, 'First they used to read Prayer cross-legged,
then they were commanded to cling to themselves,' (Jaami al-Masanid).
D. From Hadith – Regarding Concealment Of Voice During Prayer
8. Narrated Abu Huraira (May Allah be well pleased with him), The Holy
Prophet once said:"The saying ' Sub Han Allah ' is for men and
clapping is for women."(If something happens in the prayer, the men
can invite the attention of the Imam by saying " Sub Han Allah ". And
women, by clapping their hands). (Bukhari)
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN'S AND WOMEN'S PRAYER
1. Concealing the body ( Satr-e-Aurat ) – that is to conceal/cover the
necessary partsof the body. For men, this consists of the body between
thenavel up to and including the knees. For women this consists of the
entire body, except the face, hands and soles of the feet. Women must
hide their faces from strangers whilst not in Prayers. Wearing clothes
that are so thin that body colour is exposed will make the Prayer
void. Similar is the case of the head scarf if the shine of hair is
revealed. In fact, wearing such clothes is prohibited even
outsidePrayer. Before beginning Prayer the woman should make sure that
(other than her face, palms and the soles of her feet) her entire body
is properly covered with opaque clothes. If she offersPrayer in thin
clothes which reveal the colour of the skin or the shine of her hair,
it will render the Prayer void. It is obligatory to also hide the
neck, ears, hair-locks hanging from the head, and the wrists.
2. If any part of the body (other than her face, palms and the soles
of her feet) is exposed up toone fourth of its area, and she proclaims
the " Takbeer Tahreemah " ("Allahu Akbar") without hiding it, then the
Prayerwill be deemed to have not started at all. If one fourth or more
of it gets exposed during the Prayer for a time in
which"Subhaan-Allah" can be recited thrice, it will render the Prayer
void.
3. While saying " Takbeer Tahreemah " (Allahu Akbar) a woman should
raise her hands only up to her shoulders (and notup to the ears) and
should not take them out of her cloak.
4. In the Qiyaam (standing position), she should place her left palm
on the middle of her chest and the right palm over theleft.
5. While bowing, she should only bow a little, enough for her hands to
touch her knees, without holding them. The fingers should be kept
straight. She should stand with her knees slightly bent, and her arms
close to her body.
6. She should perform the prostration with her body drawn together
i.e. she should keep the abdomen joined with the thighs, the thighs
with the calves, the shins with the ground, the arms to the sides and
the wrists spread on the ground. Further, instead of keeping the feet
upright, both feet should be spread out towards the right.
7. While in Qaadah (sitting position), instead of keeping the right
foot upright, both feet should be slid out towards the right, with her
sitting on the left foot.
8. For women, praying in a room is better than praying out in the
courtyard, and praying in a basement is better than praying in a room.
(Abu Dawood).
OTHER IMPORTANT POINTS :
1. Women are exempted from offering Prayer whilst in state of impurity
(due to menses or childbirth).
2. Women should take extra care during " Wuzu and Tayammum " by moving
ornaments (such as rings) in order not to leave the area below them -
whereas nail polish should be totally removed.
3. If several persons are praying in the same room, women should pray
behind the men. They should not stand in line with the men.
4. Women should offer their five daily Prayers, Taraweeh and Witr
individually. It is Makrooh Tahreemi for them to offer Prayerwith
congregation. (Shaami Vol.1). A woman cannot be a leader (Imam) in any
congregational Prayer.
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