0001
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that the first man
who discussed about Qadr (Divine Decree) in Basra was Ma'bad
al-Juhani. I along with Humaid b. 'Abdur-Rahman Himyari set out for
prilgrimage or for 'Umrah and said: Should it so happen that we come
into contact with one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah
(peace be upon him) we shall ask him a bout whatis talked about Taqdir
(Division Decree). Accidentally we came across Abdullah ibn Umaribn
al-Khattab, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and I
surrounded him. One of us (stood) on his right and the other stoodon
his left. I expected that my companion would authorize me to speak. I
therefore said: Abu Abdur Rahman! there have appeared some people in
our land who recite the Holy Qur'an and pursue knowledge. And then
after talking about their affairs, added: They (suchpeople) claim that
there is no such thing as DivineDecree and events are not predestined.
He (Abdullah ibn Umar) said:When you happen to meet such people tell
them that I have nothing to do with them and theyhave nothing to do
with me. And verily they are inno way responsible for my (belief).
Abdullah ibn Umar swore by Him (the Lord) (and said): If any one of
them (who does not believe in the Divine Decree) had with him gold
equal to the bulk of (the mountain) Uhud andthen, it (in the way of
Allah), Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith in
Divine Decree. He further said: My father, Umar ibn al-Khattab, told
me: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace
be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white
clothes, his hair extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel
on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last he sat with the
Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on
his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam. The Messenger
of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies thatyou testify
that there is no god but Allah and thatMuhammad is the messenger of
Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast
ofRamadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House)if you are solvent
enough(to bear the expense of) the journey. He (the inquirer) said:
You have told the truth. He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us
that he wouldput the question and then he would himself verify the
truth. He (the inquirer) said: Inform meabout Iman (faith). He (the
Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His
angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day ofJudgment, and you
affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. He (the
inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He (the inquirer) again said:
Inform me about al-Ihsan(performance of good deeds). He (the Holy
Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for
though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you. He (the enquirer)
again said: Inform me about the hour (of the Doom). He (the Holy
Prophet) remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is
inquiring (about it). He (the inquirer) said: Tell me some of its
indications. He (the Holy Prophet) said: That the slave-girl will give
birth to her mistress and master, that you will find barefooted,
destitute goat-herds vying with one another in the construction of
magnificent buildings. He(the narrator, Umar ibn al-Khattab) said:
Then he (the inquirer) went on his way but I stayed with him (the Holy
Prophet) for a long while. He then,said to me: Umar, do you know who
this inquirer was? I replied: Allah and His Apostle knows best. He
(the Holy Prophet) remarked: He was Gabriel(the angel). He came to you
in order to instruct you in matters of religion.
0002
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur that when
Ma'baddiscussed the problem pertaining to Divine Decree, we refuted
that. He (the narrator) said: I and Humaid b. Abdur-Rahman Himyari
argued. And they carried on the conversation about the purport of the
hadith related by Kahmas and itschain of transmission too, and there
is some variation of words.
0003
It is narrated on the authority of Yahya b. Ya'mur and Humaid b.
'Abdur-Rahman that they said: We met Abdullah b. 'Umar and we
discussed about the Divine Decree, and what they talked about it and
he narrated the hadith that has been transmitted by 'Umar (may Allah
be pleased with him) from the Apostle (may peace be upon him). There
is a slight variation in that.
0004
Abu Huraira reported: One day the Messenger ofAllah (may peace be upon
him) appeared before the public that a man came to him and said:
Prophet of Allah, (tell me) what is Iman. Upon this he (the Holy
Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His
Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in
the Resurrection hereafter. He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, (tell
me) what does al-Islam signify. He (the Holy Prophet) replied:
Al-Islamsignifies that you worship Allah and do notassociate anything
with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the
obligatory poor-rate (Zakat) and you observe the fast of Ramadan. He
(the inquirer) again said: Messenger of Allah, what does al-Ihsan
imply? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you worship Allah as if you
are seeing Him, and in case you fail to see Him, then observe prayer
(with this idea in your mind) that (at least) He is seeing you. He
(the inquirer ) again said: Messenger of Allah, whenwould there be the
hour (of Doom)? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: The onewho is asked
about it is no better informed than the inquirer. I, however, narrate
some of its signs (and these are): when the slave-girl will give birth
to he master, when the naked, barefooted would become the chiefs of
the people - these are some of the signs of (Doom). (Moreover) when
the shepherds of the black (camels) would exult themselves in
buildings, this is one of the signs of (Doom). (Doom) is one of the
five (happenings wrapped in the unseen) which no one knows but Allah.
Then he (the Messenger of Allah) recited (the verse):" Verily Allah!
with Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it is Who sends
(down the rain) and knows that which is in the wombs and no person
knows whatsoever he shall earn tomorrow, and a person knows not in
whatsoeverland he shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware. He (the
narrator, Abu Huraira) said: Then the person turned back and went
away. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:Bring that
man back to me. They (the Companions of the Holy Prophet present
there) went to bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this
the Messenger of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the
people their religion.
0005
This hadith is narrated to us on the authority of Muhammad b.
'Abdullah b. Numair, on the authority of Muhammad b. Bishr, on the
authority of Abd Hayyan al-Taymi with the exception that in this
narration (instead of the words (Iza Waladat al'amah rabbaha), the
words are (Iza Waladat al'amah Ba'laha), i, e, when slave-girl gives
birth to her master.
0006
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Ask me (about matters pertaining
to religion), but they (the Companions of the Holy Prophet) were too
much overawed out of profound respect for himto ask him (anything). In
the meanwhile a man came there, and sat near his knees and said:
Messenger of Allah, what al-lslam is? -to which he (the Holy Prophet)
replied: You must not associate anything with Allah, and establish
prayer, pay the poor-rate(Zakat) and observe (the fasts) of Ramadan.
He said: You (have) told the truth. He (again) said: Messenger of
Allah, what al-Iman (the faith) is? He (the Holy Prophet) said: That
you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting,
His Apostles, and that youbelieve in Resurrection and that you believe
in Qadr (Divine Decree) in all its entirety, He (the inquirer) said:
You (have)told the truth. He (again) said: Messenger of Allah, what
al-Ihsan is? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet)said: (Al-Ihsan implies)
that you fear Allah as if you are seeing Him, and though you see Him
not, verily He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told
the truth.He (the inquirer) said: When there would be thehour (of
Doom)? (Upon this) he (the HolyProphet said: The one who is being
asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer himself. I,
however, narrate some of its signs (and these are): when you see a
slave (woman) giving birth to her master - that is one of the signs of
(Doom) ; when you see barefooted, naked, deaf and dumb (ignorant and
foolish persons) as the rulers of the earth - that is one of the signs
of the Doom. And when you seethe shepherds of black camels exult in
buildings - that is one of the signs of Doom. The (Doom) is one of the
five things (wrapped) in the unseen.No one knows them except Allah.
Then (the Holy Prophet) recited (the folowing verse):" Verily Allah!
with Him alone is the knowledge of the hour and He it is Who sends
down the rainand knows that which is in the wombs and no person knows
whatsoever he shall earn on morrow and a person knows not in
whatsoeverland he shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware. He (the
narrator, Abu Huraira) said: Then the person stood up an (made his
way). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:Bring him
back to me. He was searched for, but they (the Companions of the Holy
Prophet) could not find him. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon
him) thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted toteach you (things
pertaining to religion) when you did not ask (them yourselves).
0007
It is reported on the authority of Talha b. 'Ubaidullah that a
personwith dishevelled hair, one of the people of Nejd, came to the
Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). We heard the humming of
his voice but could not fully discern what he hadbeen saying, till he
came nigh to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him). It was
then (disclosed to us) that he was asking questions pertaining to
Islam. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:Five
prayers during the day and the night. (Upon this he said: Am I obliged
to say any other (prayer) besides these? He (the Holy Prophet, ) said:
No, but whatever you observe voluntarily, out of your own free will,
and the fasts of Ramadan. The inquirer said: Am I obliged to do
anything else besides this? He (the Holy Prophet) said: No, but
whatever you do out of your own free will. And the Messenger of Allah
told him about the Zakat (poor-rate). The inquirer said: Am I obliged
to pay anything else besides this? He (the Holy Prophet) said: No, but
whatever you pay voluntarily out of your own free will. The man turned
back and was saying: I would neither make any addition to this, nor
will decrease anything out of it. The Prophet remarked: He is
successful, if he is true to what he affirms.
0008
Another hadith, the like of which has been narrated by Malik (b. Anas)
(and mentioned above) is also reported by Talha b. 'Ubaidullah, with
the only variation that the Holy Prophet remarked: By his father, he
shall succeed if he were true (to what he professed), or: By his
father, he would enter heaven if he were true (to what he professed).
0009
It is reported on the authority of Anas b. Malikthat he said: We were
forbidden that we shouldask anything (without the genuine need) from
the Holy Prophet. It, therefore, pleased us that an intelligent
personfrom the dwellers of the desert should come and asked him (the
Holy Prophet) and we should listen to it. A man from the dwellers of
the desertcame (to the Holy Prophet) and said: Muhammad, your
messenger came to us and told us your assertion that verily Allahhad
sent you (as a prophet). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told the
truth. He (the bedouin) said: Who created the heaven? He (the Holy
Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who created the
earth? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again)
said: Who raised these mountains and who created in them whatever is
created there? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. Upon this he (the
bedouin) remarked: By Him Who created the heaven and created the earth
and raised mountains thereupon, has Allah (in fact) sent you? He (the
Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also
told us that five prayers (had been made) obligatory for us during the
day andthe night. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told you the
truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you, is it Allah Who
ordered you about this (i. e. prayers)? He (the Holy Prophet) said:
Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that Zakat had been
made obligatory in our riches. He (the Holy Prophet) said. He has told
the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet),
is it Allah Who ordered you about it (Zakat)? He (the Holy Prophet)
said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that it had
been made obligatory for us to fast every year during the month of
Ramadan. He (the Holy Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He (the
bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who
ordered you about it (thefasts of Ramadan)? He (the Holy Prophet)
said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger alsotold us that
pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (of Ka'bah) had been made obligatory
for him who isable to undertake the journey to it. He (the
HolyProphet) said: Yes. The narrator said that he (thebedouin) set off
(at the conclusion of this answer, but at the time of his departure)
remarked: 'By Him Who sent you with the Truth, Iwould neither make any
addition to them nor would I diminish anything out of them. Upon this
the Holy Prophet remarked: If he were true (to what he said) he must
enter Paradise.
0010
It is narrated on the authority of Thabit that Anas said: We were
forbidden in the Holy Qur'an that we should ask about anything from
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)and then Anas reported
the hadith in similar words.
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