Carrying out the punishments prescribed by Allah on whoever
transgresses the bounds of the shari'a is a part of prohibiting wrong.
It is obligatory upon those in authority ( Uluu-ul-amr ) i.e. the
scholars from each group or nation, and their amirs, and their elders,
to stand over the general population enjoining good and prohibiting
wrong, thus ordering them with all that which Allah and His Prophet
have enjoined. For example, the rulings of Islamic Law ( Shari'a )
e.g. the five prayers in their proper time periods, obligatory alms,
obligatory fasting, and pilgrimage to Makka. Also, belief in Allah,
His angels, His revealed books, His prophets, and the Judgement Day,
belief in the pre-destination of all things the good and the bad, and
the concept of ihsaan (the highest level of iman or faith) which means
to worship Allah as if you see Him for, verily, even if you do not see
Him, He always sees you. Moreover, the good ( ma'ruf ) includes
everything both internal and external which has been enjoined by Allah
and His Prophet. These include: absolute sincerity to Allah ( ikhlaas
), dependance on Allah ( tawakkal ),that Allah and His Prophet be more
beloved to the believer than anyone else, hope for Allah'smercy and
fear of His punishment, patience with the decree of Allah and complete
surrender to His order, truthfulness of speech, fulfilling of
obligations, returning trusts totheir owners, good behavior toward
parents, maintaining of family ties, cooperation in all actsof
righteousness and good, benevolence and generosity toward one's
neighbors, orphans, poor people, stranded travellers, companions,
spouses, and servants, justice and fairness in speech and actions,
calling people to good character, and acts of forbearance such as
establishing relations with those who cut you off, giving those who
deny you, and forgiving those who oppress you. Enjoiningpeople to be
close together and cooperative, and forbidding themdiffering and
dividing themselves is also a part of enjoining what is right.
As for the bad ( munkar ) which Allah and His prophet have forbidden,
its ultimate and worstform is the association of partners with Allah.
Associationism means to pray to someone or something else along with
Allah. This partner could be the sun, the moon, starsor planets, an
angel, one of the prophets, a righteous man or saint, one of the jinn,
images or graves of any of these, or anything else which is called to
other than Allah the Exalted. Associationism is also to seek aid or
succor from any of the above, or to prostrate to them. All of this and
anything like it is the associationism ( shirk ) forbidden by Allah on
the tongues of all of His prophets.
Everything which Allah has forbidden is also part of the munkar such
as unjustified killing, taking people's property by unlawful means,
taking of property by force or intimidation,interest, or gambling, all
types of sales or contracts which the Prophet has prohibited, breaking
of family ties, cruelty to parents, cheating in weights and measures,
and any form of transgression on the rights of others. Also in this
category are all innovated acts of "worship" which Allah and His
prophet have not ordained or sanctioned.
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