What is the definition of zakat?

Question:
What is the definition of zakat?
Answer:
Assalamu alaikum,
The definition of zakat is that it is:
�Transferring ownership ofan amount of material wealth specified by
the Lawgiver to a poor Muslimwho is not Hashimi nor their client,
without material benefit returning to the giver in any way, for the
sake of Allah Most High.� [Tumurtashi, Tanwiral-Absar]
There are many important points understood in this definition:
1. It is a condition that there be a transferring of ownership.
(Simply put: your zakat has to be given). As such, it is not valid to
forgive a debt someone owes you as zakat.
2. Zakat has to be given to the poor and needy. It is not valid to
give zakat for projects, mosques, and virtuous activity, unless the
zakat itself will be given to the poor and needy.
3. Zakat must be given to a Muslim. Unlike charity, it is not valid to
give zakat to a non-Muslim.
4. Zakat cannot normally be given to Hashimis (those from the family
of the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace)).
5. The giver cannot materially benefit from giving their zakat. As
such, one cannot give zakat to one�s parents, children, or spouse,
because benefits between these people are shared.
[Ibn Abidin and Haskafi, Radd al-Muhtar `ala al-Durr al-Mukhtar 2.2-4;
Ibn al-Humam and Marghinani, Fath al-Qadir Sharh al-Hidaya ]
Wassalam