and peace of Allah be upon him)?.
Praise be to Allaah.
There is no proof in the books of Sunnah and reports with an
uninterrupted, saheeh isnaad, to suggest that there was any
earthquakein Madeenah at the time of the Prophet (blessings and peace
of Allah be upon him). The only reports that speak of that have
da'eef, mursal isnaads (i.e., they are weak). There follows further
explanation:
Firstly:
It was narrated that Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwaan said: The
ground shook atthe time of the Messengerof Allah (blessings and peace
of Allah be upon him) and he put his hand on it then he said: "Be
still, for it is not yet time for that." Then he turned to face his
Companions and said: "Your Lord is asking you to seek forgiveness, so
seek forgiveness." Narrated by Ibn Abi'l-Dunya in al-'Uqoobaat (no.
18). : 'Abd-Allaah told us, 'Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ibraaheem told me,
Abu Maryam informed us, al-'Attaar ibn Khaalid al-Harami informed us,
Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwaan toldme.
This isnaad is da'eef (weak) and has a number of faults, including:
1.
It is a mu'dal mursal report. Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Malik ibn
Marwaandied in 266 AH, so how hecould tell of something that happened
at the timeof the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him)
which no one else narrated?
2.
al-'Attaar ibn Khaalid al-Harami - I did not find any biography of him.
Secondly:
It was narrated that Shahribn Hawshab said: "There was an earthquake
in Madeenah at the time of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah
be upon him) and he said: "Your Lord is asking you to seek
forgiveness, so seek forgiveness."
Narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf (2/357). He said: Hafs told
us, from Layth, from Shahr.
This isnaad is da'eef and has a number of faults:
1.
It is mursal. Shahr ibn Hawshab died in 112 AH, and did not witness
the time of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him).
2.
Moreover he (Shahr ibn Hawshab) is da'eef (weak)in and of himself,
according to some scholars. Shu'bah said: I do not pay any attention
to his reports. Al-Nasaa'i said: He is not strong. Ibn Hibbaan said:
He is one of those who narrated from trustworthy narrators problematic
reports. al-Bayhaqi said: He is da'eef. Others regarded him as
trustworthy. Henceal-Haafiz Ibn Hajar said concerning him: He is
sadooq but he narrates many mursal reports and is confused. See
Tahdheebal-Tahdheeb, 4/371
3.
Layth ibn Abi Sulaym - he is confused a great deal and we cannot be
certain about his hadeeth, so he was rejected. See Tahdheeb
al-Tahdheeb, 8/468
Hence al-Haafiz Ibn Hajar said in al-Talkhees al-Habeer (2/222): This
is mursal da'eef. End quote.
This report was also narrated from Ibn Mas'ood (may Allah be pleased
with him), as reported in Tafseer al-Tabari (17/478): Bishr narrated
to us, Yazeed narrated to us, Sa'eed narrated to us, from Qataadah,
that he said: "And We sent not the signs except to warn, and to make
them afraid (of destruction)" [al-Isra'17:59]. Allah causes people to
fear Him by whatever signs He wills, so that they might learn a lesson
or be reminded or come back (to Him). It was said to us that the
ground shook in Kufah at the time of Ibn Mas'ood, and he said: O
people, your Lord is asking you to seek forgiveness, so seek
forgiveness.
To sum up, there is no proof that an earthquake took place at the time
of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him); rather it
happened after his time, at the time of 'Umar ibn al-Khattaab (may
Allah be pleased with him). That was narrated by Ibn Abi Shaybah in
al-Musannaf (2/358) and by others from Naafi' from Safiyyah who said:
The earth shookat the time of 'Umar, and he addressed the people and
said: "If it happens again, I shall definitely abandon you and leave."
That was mentioned by Ibn al-Jawzi in al-Muntazam, among the events of
the year 20 AH.
And Allah knows best.
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